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Volume 3 (1967)
- Issue 4 Pages 266-
- Issue 3 Pages 168-
- Issue 2 Pages 70-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 3, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Masamitsu Oshima1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 70-73_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUse of manikins or dummies in ergonomic researches was discussed from general viewpoints. The manikin's equivalence to a human body in dimensions, weight, solid ness or elasticity, mobility and so on should be differently appreciated according to its application purposes.A manikin with internal organs or eith feedback mechanisms already iri use and a general manikins to be expected. Various possibilities of installing measuring inskruments on and in the manikin body, however, indicate the necessity of developing many types of "functional" manikins for each specific research project.View full abstractDownload PDF (1926K) -
Takeshi Hasegawa1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 74-79_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA tow dimensional manikin for general uses like SAE-2DM in the U.S. is mow in preparation by the Japanese Society of Automobile Engineers. This 2DM is based on the 50 percentile values of Japanese male adults. Other examples of 2DM are one by Kohara et al for seat design. 2DM developed by Nissan Automobile Company and some others. Main difficulty in producing a 2DM lies in determining hinge points' major joints. They should be determined by means afX-ray photography or ftlm motion analysis. An example was given in caes of foot joint.View full abstractDownload PDF (7545K) -
Masanori Matsuno, Akitoshi Mimura1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 80-92,79
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree dimensional manikin for work space design were reviewed. Details of 3DM of the Society d Automotive Engineers' the U.S. were introduced and compared with original 3DM developed by Japanesee automobile industries. The latter was based on 50th percentile values of Japanese male adults, the length of lower extremities being Adjustable between 10th and 90th percentiles. The body trunk weight together with head and arms 65% of body weight, both thighs, lower legs and feet, 20, 10 and 5% respectively. H-point position and the torso line were conformed to SAE's 3DM. Other types of foreign and domestic 3DMs were also introduced. They usually have similar features with adjustable height and weight, the rotation of back a? seat pan around the H-point being possible. The procedures to manufacture a standard 3DM were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (14077K) -
M. Matsuno, T. Hasegawa, H. Ito, I. Matsumoto, M. Oda1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 93-111_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCharacteristics of foreign and Japanese three dimensional gravity manikinth accelerometers set up in the body were described. The movement of the bodyis usually analysed by means of high speed cameras. Other items of measurement are contact areas, displacement of body parts, impact pressure, etc. About 20 ariginal and 83iported impact-test dummies are now used in Japan: in automobile or motor-cycle industries and in the air forces. The standardization of the measurement of accelerations as well as simulation of the moment of inertia and of the elasticity' the surface materials would be urgent. With respect to recording techniques, special dzmmies for g-measurement with a telemetering system are provided by Ito et al for ejection seat test. Torso type or articulated type dummies for parachute descent tests with a magnetic tape recording system are also in practical use.View full abstractDownload PDF (20057K) -
Marumi Nakamura1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 112-114_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA thermal manikin developed by NASA, CR-644, was examined as to its thermal characteristics. Temperature deviation of thermometers installed in the 17 body parts was within -0.2 and 0.3°C. Electric power supplied to the manikin, response time of the heating of respective part and its effect on the temerature of adjacent parts were also examined. This type of thermal manikins made of alminium cast proved useful for practical apparel design.View full abstractDownload PDF (442K) -
Kazuya Kashitani1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 115-116_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSignificance of using dummies in the "dynamic" consulation of traffic accidents and criminal cases should be appreciated. Impact damages of a modulated GARDdummy were studied when it was struck against a car running at 20-50 km/h speed levels. Temporal changes of accelerations, areas and grades of damages of manikin were compared and discussed with those of a forensic case.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K) -
Hedeo Matsuzawa, Takeshi Iinuma, Mitsuzi Maruyama1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 117-120_2
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA training manikin of Testa-Laboratorium of Denmark(AMBU Manikin, type A) and some other training manikins for insufflation and external cardiac massage in emergency were investigated. AMBU manikin by which the effect of correct care could be properly shown seemed to be the most suitable and applicable for training of medical students and nurses.View full abstractDownload PDF (3672K) -
[in Japanese]1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 121-128_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNuclear phantom containing tissue equivalent materials and used for radiological studies were reviewed. For phantoms used to determine the distributioncf radioactive exposure in medical trarment, water or Mix D is generally used. Radioactive exposure of particular organs as the bone narrow or reproductive organs may be estimated with phantoms of NaCL, M3 substance or special materials. They can be also used for evaluation of internal exposures to radioisotopes. Effects of organspecific radioisotopes may also be studied.View full abstractDownload PDF (22469K) -
Masayoshi Furuhashi1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 129-130
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3310K) -
Masahiro Mori, Masakatsu Murakami1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 131-135_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCharacteristics of manipulators used in unusual environments was discussed from ergonomic viewpoints. Master-slave manipulators are employed through the .move ment of the master arms and may be classified to mechanical aid servo-manipulators. The letters have enabled the real remote control of slave arms. Auto-manipulators perform automatic mounting or demounting of materials or work pieces. The authors worked up an auto-manipulator with 3 arms and practical aspects of manipulatorsvere discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (5099K) -
Yoshiyasu Nakao, Chie Koike, Choichiro Tamagawa, Kozuo Kato, Isoichi K ...1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 136-148_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSManikins utilized in apparel researches were reviewed. The grading d sizes of manikins for the sake of cutting or design should be more investigated. Koike's Bunka-style starnn can be applied for general cutting purposes.Special dummies for intimate apparel were also discussed. The display manikins of realistic dimensions and styles should be discriminated from fantastic ones and should have dimensions specifically modified for apparel displays. They are to be graded according to real growth pictches and fundamental body types. Finally foot dummies for for shoe design and thier standaedization, special dummies for beauty-art education were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (11108K) -
M. Okawa1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 149-150
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Yoshio Hayashi, Takeo Yukimachi1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 151-157_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVisual-motor reaction time to 6 light signals was measured in case that the probability of each signal was not equal. It proved not to be proportional to the entropy of information sources, and was shorter than reaction time to selective signals of equal probabilities. The judgement period in terms of the difference cf the reaction time and motion time was significantly correlated with the signal probability. It was the larger, the smaller was the display probability of the signal. If 64 red lamps were placed on a panel in forms of 88 cm squares, the judgement period without previous instruction of the lamp positions to be lit was delayed, especially when the entropy of information sources was larger. The relational shortening of the reaction time for unequal signal probabilitiest uneven concentration of attention was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (3752K) -
Jiro Kohara, Kazuo Ouchi, Hiromichi Terakado1967 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 159-165_1
Published: April 30, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSToyota's original suggestion that the optimum height difference of desk and seat should be 1/3 of the individual sitting height was experimentally investiated. Performance scores of the figure tracing of 18 male and female students and thier fatigue complaints were studied at height differences of -6, -3, 0, ..3, -6 cm of 1/3 sitting height. In case the height difference was a little lower than 1/3 sitting height, the tracing performance was the best and the least fatigue complaints were made. Memomotion study by films demonstrated the natural wrist and elbow movements at 0 and -3 cm height. Electromyographic test confirmed the above results.The subjects preferred -3 cm for writing, 0 cm for reading. The optimum desk-seat difference was concluded to be revised as -1 to -2 cm of 1/3 of the sitting height.View full abstractDownload PDF (4631K)
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