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Volume 47, Issue 1
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Contribution
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Takahiko ONO, Kenji SAKATANI, Mitsuyuki SAITO, Shinichi HIKITA, Yasuhi ...2011 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: February 15, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to analyze blood pressure variation of supine persons experimentally which is induced by foot-to-head acceleration during manual transportation with a wheeled bed. First, the transportation experiment was conducted for 21 healthy subjects to measure the acceleration, blood pressure and heart rate. When the subjects were transported on a straight aisle in trapezoidal velocity pattern, the variation of mean blood pressure (MBP) increased from 2.5 to 3 times as large as that in resting time. From an ensemble average taken over the MBP data of all the subjects, it was found that the acceleration increased the MBP twice during accelerating period and decreased it twice during decelerating period. The effect of upper-body position on the MBP variation was also examined. As a result, a significant difference was not observed in the variation of MBP for the angle of upper-body from 0 to 6 degrees.View full abstractDownload PDF (1064K) -
—Comparison of Pointing Performance between Young and Older Adults—Atsuo MURATA, Takashi MIYAKE, Makoto MORIWAKA2011 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 10-19
Published: February 15, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, alternative methods to mouse click and drag & drop operations in the eye-gaze input system were discussed. The alternative methods to mouse click operation included the eye fixation, the press of space bar, and the wink (blink). The effectiveness was compared among three alternative methods. The percentage correct recognition, the task completion time, and the subjective rating of workload to upper body and usability were used as evaluation measures. The arrangement of targets (vertical or horizontal) and the age were also considered as experimental factors, and it was explored how these factors affected the pointing performance. The percentage correct recognition of the horizontal direction was higher than that of the vertical direction. The task completion time became longer as follows : eye-gaze input system with eye fixation, mouse, eye-gaze input system with press of space bar, and eye-gaze input system with wink. The age factor was found not to affect the pointing performance so remarkably. The performance of drag & drop operation was also compared among the following input means : mouse, eye-gaze input system with space bar, eye-gaze input system with open and close of mouth. The task completion time of a mouse was, on average, by 30% shorter than that of an eye-gaze input system. In other words, it was found that the eye-gaze input system takes longer to carry out a drag & drop operation than a mouse.View full abstractDownload PDF (654K) -
—Comparison between Young and Older Adults—Atsuo MURATA, Takashi MIYAKE, Makoto MORIWAKA2011 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 20-30
Published: February 15, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough the opportunity of older adults to use personal computers is increasing more and more, the operation of a personal computer with a mouse is very annoying for older adults who cannot move his or her arm smoothly and effectively due to declined motor function. An attempt to move a cursor by an eye-gaze input system has been carried out as one solution to this problem. Until now, a menu selection method suitable for an eye-gaze input system has not been clarified. In this study, an effective menu selection method for the eye-gaze input system was identified as a basic design parameter to develop a usable Web browser using an eye-gaze input system. A menu selection method, that is, improved quick glance selection method (I-QGSM) was proposed. The effectiveness was evaluated by means of the pointing accuracy, the task completion time, and the psychological rating on usability. On the basis of the evaluation experiment, the proposed I-QGSM was found to be effective especially for older adults.View full abstractDownload PDF (1190K) -
Satoshi SHIMAWAKI, Naotaka SAKAI2011 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 31-35
Published: February 15, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJust before grasping an object, a person performs a preshaping movement to prepare the hand shape, depending on the size and the form of the object. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of viewing conditions on the preshaping movement by measuring the finger joint angles using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Subjects grasped a cylinder, with a height of 120 mm and diameter of 30 mm, under four viewing conditions : normal, blind, virtual, and both virtual and blind. The time to the midpoint (midpoint time) between an initial angle and a final angle of the joints during the grasping task was measured, and the midpoint times of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints in the virtual condition were significantly lower than those in the normal and blind conditions. There was no significant difference among the midpoint times of the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints under the four viewing conditions. The results indicated that under normal and blind conditions, a proximal-to-distal flexion sequence, or a following mechanism, was generated ; however, under virtual conditions, the flexion of the three finger joints occurred simultaneously.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K)
Short communication
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Tatsuya SHIMADA, Masanori SUWA, Keiji TANAKA2011 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 36-40
Published: February 15, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (599K)
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