The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics
Online ISSN : 1884-2844
Print ISSN : 0549-4974
ISSN-L : 0549-4974
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Volume 37, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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  • A study on learning in works and workload
    Yasuaki FUKUTA, Hiroki HORI, Takashi MOMOSE, Zojiro KATHO, Akemi TOMIT ...
    2001 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 59-66
    Published: April 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.37.59
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An investigation was made on the learning process of work in three learning experiments in which the kind and the variables of test work were different. The workload during the learning in work was determined to investigate the relation between achievement of learning and workload, and the following results were obtained:
    1) The learning in work was analyzed according to the work achievement method for each of three works different in the kind and the variables of work. The results suggested that work achievement Q tends to increase as a function of days from the start of work.
    2) The workloads determined in the learning process for the respective works were evaluated from the aspects of the rate of changes in flicker value and pinch strength as well as NASA-TLX. The results suggested that workload tends to decrease as an increase of repeat number of work.
    3) The relation between learning in work and workload was analyzed and the workload was suggested to decrease as the progress of learning.
    4) Some indicators for the estimation of workload were proposed for each of the three works based on work achievement Q, which has been thought effective to evaluate the learning achievement of work. The results suggested that work achievement method was effective.
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  • A study of difficulty and learning in work
    Yasuaki FUKUTA, Kimitaka MURAYAMA, Zojiro KATHO, Takao OHKUBO
    2001 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 67-73
    Published: April 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.37.67
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To study the relations between difficulty and learning in a type of work, how a worker could get learning was tested in the job that required both hands to collaborate to each other. To analyze the results involved, we grasped quantitatively the dispersion of individual time requirements in the process of getting learning and applied the work achievement method so that we could evaluate the learning. The results could be summarized as follows;
    (1) The learning of each worker was numerically analyzed according to the difficulty level in an identical type of work using the work achievement.
    (2) As a result of obtaining a correlation coefficient in the relations of various characteristic values in the tendency equation, the correlation could be deemed significant at a significance level of 1% in all variations of difficulty. This showed that a smaller number of parameters would be available to grasp the learning according to the difference in working difficulty.
    (3) Presented herein were those indicators and schematic learning evaluation model charts, which would enable us to evaluate the learning in type of work according to the difference in working difficulty, with rate of variability (δ) and tendency index (b) and work achievement (Q).
    (4) The learning in a type of work according to the difference in working difficulty was evaluated in work achievement (Q). As a result, it was found that in initial stages of learning process, work achievement (Q) tended to decrease according to an increase in working difficulty.
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  • Torsional eye movement elicited by human rotation about an earth-vertical axis
    Takuya SAKAGUCHI, Takashi KAMIO, Saburo RYUMAE, Masashi SHIMIZU
    2001 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 75-83
    Published: April 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.37.75
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Human torsional eye movement was examined in six subjects having normal vision. Each subject was laid on a horizontal bed that was rotated about an earth-vertical axis located at the subject's head. A low frequency sinusoidal bed rotation of 0.1Hz with±70 degrees amplitude elicited pure torsional eye movement without horizontal or vertical movements. Additionally, this torsional eye movement consisted of low and high frequency components. The low-frequency component had the same frequency as the bed rotation where amplitude gain is 0.05-0.15 and phase is led by 80-120 degrees. The high-frequency component consisted of a rapid phase and slow phase. The duration, width, and velocity differed among subjects. When bed rotation was increased to 0.2Hz, eye movement created a corresponding change in shape. In summary, the general torsional response of the human eye to external stimuli was measured.
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  • Application of cognitive simulation approach to risk analysis for ship navigation
    Toshinori YAMAGUCHI, Kenji ITOH
    2001 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 85-99
    Published: April 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.37.85
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    This paper presents an approach of cognitive simulation to risk analysis in maritime operations. For this purpose, ship navigator's cognitive behaviour was modelled based on cognitive task analyses of experimental sessions using a ship simulator. The navigator model describes not only normal cognitive processes of course tracking operations but also several human errors generating processes such as misidentification of the present position, heading and current strength, look-ahead error of track and rudder generation error. As application examples of the cognitive model to the risk analysis, navigator's manoeuvring skills and competence were examined based on its simulation runs with different navigation scenarios, changing navigator's individual factors and environment conditions. For another risk in manoeuvre, we examined ship motions and navigator's behaviour in the case of the lack of one of the most critical pieces of information source, ROT (Rate-of-turn) due to its indicator's fault. For the aforementioned purposes of the present paper, simulated ship trajectories and navigator's cognitive behaviour were analyzed under several manoeuvring conditions with different individual factor such as ROT perception and look-ahead errors. Based on the simulation results, we discuss several implications of the cognitive simulation approach to the risk analysis in high-tech man-machine system operations.
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