We developed a medical organization resilience training on the assumption of responding within 48 hours after a disaster occurs, and verified its effectiveness. The training named “Treasure Hunting” was developed based on the concept of “fun hands-on training that contributes to delivering appropriate medical care to as many people as possible during a disaster”. It was set up as a game between groups consisting of 5 to 6 people who competed for points, which they can gain through obtaining hidden treasure boxes. The game assumed risk communication when responding to a disaster. We designed the game in such a way that participants gained many points when they achieved good communication with a sufficient amount of information, speed and correctness. Participants assessed the game after playing. The collected qualitative data showed that playing the game possibly stimulated learning non-technical skills about the correct collection and communication of information, proper judgment of the situation, time management, decision-making, efficient thinking, strategizing and staff allocation. Moreover, the game naturally brought members cooperation and partnership, that created the chance for experiential learning about the organizing the team. Thus, this study showed that experimental learning could possibly bring about awareness for cooperation and partnership.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of button shape on the buttoning and unbuttoning of clothes by the elderly. Study participants were 22 elderly females and 19 young adult females. Six types of buttons, i.e., （flat and rimmed buttons）×（thicknesses of 2, 3 and 4 mm）, were sewn on clothes. Participants wore these clothes and buttoned and unbuttoned them in trials. The time taken to button and unbutton clothing was measured and subjective sensory perceptions were assessed during these trials. The obtained data ware analyzed using paired three-way analysis of variance （ANOVA）. The factors for that analysis were age group, the type of button, and button thickness. Results revealed the following: 1）the elderly took longer to button and unbutton clothing than young adults did, and that difference was primarily due to differences in hand and finger dexterity, 2）the button thickness affected the time both the elderly and young adults took to button and unbutton clothing while the type of button affected the time the elderly took to unbutton clothing, and 3）the type of button and its thickness affected subjective sensory perceptions, but perceptions of the elderly were affected less than those of young adults.

The aim of the present study was to contribute the design of GUI that enhances the efficiency of visual information search. The present study investigated the effects of the display complexity on the reaction time and the ocular movement characteristics. The experimental factors were grouping （good, poor）, alignment （good, poor）, number of elements on GUI （few, medium, many）. Twelve experimental displays that have the different complexity were prepared. The participants were required to search for a predetermined target on the display and point it with a mouse. The evaluation measures were: the reaction time, the frequency of fixations, the fixation duration. The results showed that the reaction time and the frequency of fixations tended to increase with the increase of the display complexity. The fixation duration stayed constant regardless of the complexity. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the variation of the reaction time could be dominantly explained by the frequency of fixations because the standardized β of the frequency of fixations was extremely larger. This indicates that the variable number model is dominant in this search condition.