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Volume 25, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Saho KANAMURA, Sachiko SAITOU, Takeo IIDA1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 77-85
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to find the most adequate method to the hedonic tones of odors, six methods were compared and their reliabilities were examined. Those methods are as follows.
a) Direct evaluation methods,
(1) with 7 point-scale
(2) with 5 point-scale of hedonic reaction to environment
(3) with indications of unpleasantness in physical parts of his/her body
b) Indirect evaluation methods,
(1) with reference to three standard odors
(2) by scaling with odor character profiling
(3) by measurement of pysiological reactions
Remarkable results were observed in the estimation methods with indications of unpleasantness in physical parts of his/her body by scaling with odor character profiling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1179K) -
Kenji ITOH, Takao ENKAWA, Masao AKIBA1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 87-100
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany VDTs are introduced in various modern offices and work centers. With its trend, fatigue by using a VDT is appeared to be a social problem. As measurement methods for fatigue, eye accommodation time, CFF (critical flicker frequency) and subjective ratings for fatigue are frequently used in many researches. However, several aspects of issue were pointed out concerning these methods.
This research focuses on general fatigue, rather than visual fatigue. A measurement method for general fatigue is proposed in visually cognitive works with VDTs. As the psychological background, Channel Capacity Attenuation Model is built. The proposed method is to measure the decrease of channel capacity of central nervous system as based on the model. The method were applied to various tasks and work environments in three experiments. As the results, the method was found to be able to detect the degrees of fatigue among various work environments. Considering these results, it seems to be appropriate as a possible measurement method for general fatigue in actual VDT works.View full abstractDownload PDF (1838K) -
Nobuo MIYASHIRO, Yoshimi YOKOMIZO1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 101-107
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the visual feedback mechanism and the task difficulty in the two-handed symmetrical motions from the structure of eye-movement time by use of eye-mark recorder.
Six right-handed male students served as the subjects. Two experiments were carried out. In Exp. I, 48 combinations of four movement distances (Md=5, 10, 20 and 40cm), three target diameters (Td=8, 16 and 32mm) and four spaces (S=5, 10, 20 and 30cm) were provided. The subject's task was to move the styluses of both hands as rapidly as possible. In Exp. II, the basic conditions (Md, Td) were the same that used in Exp. I, and the movement was carried out by one-handed motion.
From the results, it was suggested that in the high ID values the movements were carried out under visual feedback control. On the other hand, in the low ID values the movements were performed without eye-hand coordination.View full abstractDownload PDF (832K) -
Osamu SUENAGA, Motozo IHARA1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 109-116
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn optimal control model considered the human's frequency dependent weight for the input signal was proposed in a compensatory manual tracking control systems. The analysis carried out to discuss the relation between the frequency dependent weight and the repetitive effect of the trials. The frequency dependent weight was represented by a simple control element. The results obtained are as follows;
(1) The frequency dependent weight is, generally, characteristic to high gain and phase lag in lower frequency band of input signal. This weight's characteristic is changed in higher frequency band by the repetition of the trials.
(2) In the step response of the model, the frequency dependent weight, the weight of the quadratic criterion function are respectively related to the vibration of the response, the increase and decrease of error area.
(3) The change of the frequency dependent weight is related to the shape of the learning curve.View full abstractDownload PDF (833K) -
Cai-Xia OIAN, Takao ENKAWA, Masao AKIBA, Kenji ITOH, Cheolho YOON1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 117-127
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study proposes two major measures of eye-movement protocol which explain processes of human knowledge formation. One is the rate of vertical saccade, which shows a strategy in forming large chunks of knowledge structure. The other is the number of long saccades, which shows a strategy for continuous inputs of related information.
These measures may be useful as a supplemental means for the verbal protocol analysis which has usually been used in knowledge acquisition in expert systems. To verify its validity, an experiment was conducted in which three learning stages were set up for each subject, and memory and recall tasks were carried out in each stage. The above two measures of eye-movement protocol were found to be significantly correlated with the performance of recall task represented by the size of chunk. In addition, it was observed that eye-movement protocol was changed, while the subjects' knowledge structure was changed by learning.View full abstractDownload PDF (1488K) -
Tetsuya MURAOKA, Mikiya KAWAMURA, Hiroe UESAKO1989 Volume 25 Issue 2 Pages 129-133
Published: April 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: March 11, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (609K)
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