The present situation of the simulation techniques in man-machine system is described. As many articles have certainly not defined the word “simulation” in any rigorous ways, this article make clear the signification of the word. For instence, similarity that the representation is in some sense “like” the real thing and nonidentity that the representation is not the real thing are nessesary condition of the simulation. As a consequence of these, the simulation may be used to predict performance in the real world. In view of this, examples of simulations is quoted from a large literature, the concept of the simulation is constructed and indicates the system that have applicability and feasibility of simulation studies.
In the man-machine system, the used of simulation is broken down into specific categories and a discussion of all of the categories listed is described to indicate advance in simulation is each of the areas. For examples, Monte-Carlo method of human tracking behaviour, stocastic model of human tracking and simulation of perception of human and driver behaviour on a head on collision of car is discussed.

View full abstract

The definitions of the simulation of man-machine system are reviewed and necessary prerequisites to the study of simulation are discussed. First of all, it is very important to delineate the specific roles of instrument display, external visual information, motion cues and so on, which consist the essencial part of the closed system.
Author presents some simulatiom and technical discussions concerning physical, psychological of perceptual factors governing the fidelity of the simulation.

View full abstract

Three types of constant work load ergometer for clinical use were worked up using DC-generators. Type A has a voltage control circuit to stabilize the output voltage of the generator and can impose the work load of 25-200 watts. Type B is an improved one the load current of which is controlled by comparing the multiplied value of the torque by the number of revolutions with the standard voltage. An accuracy of ±2% was obtained. Experimental results using a type B ergometer suggest that the crank diameter of 36cm is favourable for Japanese subjects. Type C ergometer was manufactured in order to investigate the inertia effect. A greater inertia of 1.15×10^-2kg·m·sec² proved to result in less deviation of the revolution speed and the heart rate increase was the same as in case of pedalling with less inertia.

View full abstract

Many investigators have studied on visual inspection task, but little work has been done with judgment time of inspector. The present paper, therefore, deals with the analysis of judgment time for the purpose of standization of the task and application to the training.
The results were as follows;
1) Factors that are related to judgment time are the variety (interms of size and for number) of the defect visual noise and detection levels.
2) Equations for determining judgment time were derived.
3) It could be seen that the relationships between judgment time and amount of information for the samples is linear.
4) It could be expressed a measure of visual noise in quantitative terms.
5) Additionally, we observed a reciever (inspector) operating-characteristics on this problem.

View full abstract