[in Japanese]

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In the previous investigationt, tlae authors studied a respiratory disease of rats andshowed that some species of Mycoplasma miglat be associated with the disease. Thepresent experiment was carried out over a period from December, 1965, to July, 1966, to study the difference in contaminatiorn with Mycoplasma due to breeder farm stock, age, and sex of rats. The results obtained are summarized as follows.l. Only the rats of breeder SD were found to be free from Mycoplasma amongthose of the six breeder farm stocks examined. The rats of breeders C and D werefound to be contaminated witlt Mycoplasnna at a higher rate than tlnose of breeders A, B, and E. Amorig the breeder farm stocks of A, B, and E, however, no difference wasrecognized in the rate of isolation of Mycoplasma.2. Among the rats of breeders A, B, and E, the adults were found to be contami-nated with Mycoplasma at a higher rate than the young. Among the rats of breeder D, no age difference was found.3. In adult rats, Mycoplasma was isolated from males at a higlaer rate tlaan females.No sex difference was found, however, in young ones.4. The rate of isolation of Mycoplasma from the respiratory tract was the higl?estin the nasal cavity, the second highest in the bronchi, and the lowest in the lung.5. When the data were examined statistically, no relationsltip was recognizedbetween Mycoplasma and the gross Iesion in the lung. FurtI?ermore, a relationsltip wasdiscussed between this gross lesion and Mycoplasma or clinical findings in all therespiratory system.

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The amnatomy of tlae distribution of the N. olfactorius in the fowl is described andillustrated in detail on the basis of studies on 8 complete cases of macroscopical dis-section and 9 cases of microscopical observation. Ilistological materials were fixed inBouins fluid, 100% alcohol, or 50% pyridin. They were treated by the Bielschowskyor Cajal silver impregnation methods, and made to paraffiun sections 2Os30 p thickness.The nomenclatures of the N. olfactorius given in literature on the bird are discussedat full length. The following findings warrant emphasis.The N. olfactorius arises with about 30 fine rootlets at the rostral end of the Bulbusolfactorius, and runs into the ocular cavity passing through the Foramen (nervi) olfac-torii. It then runs forward along the dorsal edge of the orbital septum. At the levelof the caudal pole of the nasal bone, the N. olfactorius divides into two branches (Figs. 1, 2), which are named he Rami interni and Rami externi (Figs. 2, 4). The formerruns ventrolaterally into the posterior turbinate bone (Figs. 4, 5, 6) and finally dividesinto filaments, which are distributed over the dorsal mucosal surface of the turbinateprocess.The latter runs forward into the dorsal wall of the posterior turbinate bone (Figs. 4, 6), and is distributed oxzer the dorsal mucous membrane of the turbinate bone, dividinginto filaments.Neither the N. terminalis nor the nasoxromeral organ, or Jacobsons organ, is foundin the adult fowl. This result is the same as already mentioned in literature.

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Viable counts were made of the fecal flora of 4 pigs fed a fermented-Chlorella dietin exchange for a commercial diet.l. Streptococci, veillonellae, coliforms, and staphylococci were reduced after theexchange of diet and particularly showed a great decrease in count in and after thesecond week. Accordingly, it is clear that these four groups of bacteria were suppressedby the fermented-Chlorella diet.2. Yeasts began to show a considerable increase in the third week after the exchangeof diet.3. Pediococci were frequently found in considerable numbers in the feces in thefourth week and the last week after the exchange of diet. This may indicate that somechanges have occurred in the contents of the digestive tract to such an extent as toallow these bacteria and yeasts to survive or multiply.4. The administration of the fermented-Chlorella diet had no significant influenceon the quantities of lactobacilli, bacteroides, and biftdobacteria.5. Anaerobic streptococci (principally Peptostreptococcus elsdenii) were frequentlyfound in considerable numbers during the experimental period.

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[in Japanese]

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Interrelationships among environmental temperature, physiological conditions ofanimal, milk yield, and milk composition were discussed in lactating Holstein cows.The present experiment was carried out on the Livestock Farm, University ofTokyo, in Ibaraki Prefecture from May 26, 1964, to May 25, 1965, using 7 Holstein cows.To estimate the physiological conditions of animals, the following items were examined:the heart rate, the respiration rate, the rectal temperature, tlae packed cell volume, thewhite blood count, and the differential leucocyte count. The data obtained were analysedstatistically by using the technique of time serial analysis.The results obtained were summarized as follows.l) The milk yield was affected by ambiextt temperature. When the ambient ten-perature was higher than 20C, the milk yield decreased, being inversely proportionalto the rise of temperature. However, in autumn and winter when the ambient tem-perature was lower than 2OC, the milk yield increased in proportion to the rise oftemperature. This relationship was not clear in spring.2) Among those physiological phenomena, which were affected by ambient tem-perature, the heart rate, the rectal temperature, and the packed cell volume were closelyrelated to milk yield.3) Partial corrlation coefficients were calculated in order to eliminate the influenceof temperature from these complicated interrelationships. The heart rate was directlyproportional to the milk yield. The rectal temperature and the packed cell volumewere inversely proportional to the milk yield.4) The milk yield was influenced distinctly by the change of environmental term-perature. In this case, the milk yield was affected also by the blood circulation andwater metabolism.It was presumed that these functional changes showing the seasonal fluctuationmight be direct causes of variation in milk yield.

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