This study was undertaken to clarify the absorption and excretion of radioactiveiodine ("I) through tlae gastrointestinal tract of the chicken. The results obtainedare summarized as follows.The absorption and excretion of "I through the gastrointestinal tract of the chickenin situ were studied by the loop method. In this method, ligatures were applied todivide the gastrointestinal tract of the chicken into 8 parts, or loops, viz., crop, proven-triculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunoileum (subdivided into the upper and lower parts), .caecum, and colon and rectum.When Na"I (5pCi/loop) was injected into each loop separately, it was found thatthe loops were arranged in the decreasing order of efficiency of absorption as follows:lower jejunoileum, upper jejunoileum, caecum, duodenum, colon and rectum, proven-triculus, gizzard, and crop; the lower part of the jejunoileum being the highest and thecrop the lowest.XVhen Na"I (207tCi/kg) was injected intravenously, the efficiency of excretion?through each loop was shown to be in the following order: proventriculus, duodenum, upper jejunoileum, lower jejunoileum, crop, caecum, colon and rectum, and gizzard;the proventriculus being the highest atad the gizzard the lowest. The ""I was excretedfrom the liver and pancreas into the duodenum through the bite ducts and pancreaticducts. Ihe excretion of "I from the liver was more than that from the pancreas.An attempt was made to compare the absorption and excretion of =I through thesmall intestine between the chicken and the rat. In this attempt, ligatures were appliedto divide the jejunoileum into 6 loops in each animal. Through the portion just belowthe midpoint of the jejunoileum of the rat, "I was poorly absorbed and well excreted.The result agrees with those obtained by other workers. In the chicken, however, suchparticular portion was not seen, but the upper part of the jejuutoileum exhibited a highabsorption of ""I and a poor excretion. Generally speaking, in the jejunoileum of the?chicken, -I was absorbed better and

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In two cases of canine filariasis submitted to necropsy, a large number of worms ofDirofilaria immitis were found in the heart and pulmonary artery, although no neur-ological manifestations had been noticed during life time. Histological examinationrevealed, however, disseminated perivascular lesions resulting from the invasion ofheartworm larvae in the brain and spinal cord of them. Histopathological findings inthe central nervous system were as follows: (a) perivascular cell accumulations situatedprincipally in the Virchow-Robin space and (b) nodular cell accumulations, developedfrom the former, with tissue destruction in the neighborhood of the nodules.Chief elements forminag the cell accumulations were plasma cells and adventitial cells.Lesion (b) was probably caused by tissue desolation due to the mechanical or toxiceffect of larvae penetrating into the parenchyma and passing across the blood vessels, orby tissue reaction to toxic substances which had been produced by the degeuteration ordestruction of larvae penetrating into the parenchyma and acting as foreign bodies.Such nodular lesions may also be regarded as an evidence of the tissue reaction to thedestruction products of the nervous parenchyma. Lesion (a) was thought to be reactionto the inflow of toxic substances derived from immigrating larvae, into the lymphaticspaces, or to the exudation of toxic substances derived froxn mature parasites or toxicproducts produced by the former passing through the weakeuaed wall of blood vessels.In histopathogenesis of perivascular lesions, it should be taken into considerationthat edematous loosening in the wall of blood vessels of small diameter (weakness ofthe wall of blood vessels) is regarded as one of the favoring factors to allow the larvae totraverse blood vessels easily.As causes for weakness of the wall of the blood vessel may be considered the effectsof toxic substances and their products derived from the larva or mature parasite and themechanical effect of the larva. In addition, general nutritional di

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[in Japanese]

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Up to the present time, knowledge and information on arteriosclerosis in wild anddomestic animals have been quite limited in veterinary circles in Japan. Recently, theauthors had an opportunity to examine vascular lesions in the emu, Dromiceius novaehol-landiae, which died of senility in Ten-noji Zoological Garden of Osaka City. Angio-pathological studies were made on the heart and the aorta and its main branches. Thefollowing results were obtained.l) Arteriosclerotic Iesions were found in the left and right coronary arteries, thoracicand abdominal aortae, and their branches, such as the brachiocephalic, celiac, cranialmesenteric, external iliac, lumbar, and middle sacral arteries. Of these blood vessels, theabdominal aorta and the coronary arteries were affected most severely, showing lesions ofatherosclerotic type.2) The results of this observation were compared with those reported by tworesearch groups, VASTESAEGER et al. (1959) and LINDSAY et al. (1965), which had examinedthe emu. It became obvious that the vascular damage of the present case was severerthan those of the cases of the two groups. The chautge found in the left coronary arterywas equivalent to the most intensive Iesion of atherosclerotic type in the human being.3) It was known that this bird had been fed a specially prepared ration containinghens egg and rich fat for 8 consecutively months before death. This ration was con-sidered to have maintained good nutritional conditions of this bird in spite of its oldage. It may have lived long enough to develop such severe lesion in the coronary arteries, as well as in the abdominal aorta.

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