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Volume 45 (1983)
- Issue 6 Pages 699-
- Issue 5 Pages 547-
- Issue 4 Pages 435-
- Issue 3 Pages 281-
- Issue 2 Pages 143-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 45, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Akio SHIGA, Masaaki KEINO, Osamu FUJIO1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 435-442
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the relationship between hypomagnesemic tetany and Ca metabolism in ruminants, experiments were carried out on four 2-year-old lactating ewes divided into two groups (A and B) according to the order of feeding of two low-Mg diets (8.4mg/kg of body weight/day) with varying Ca contents (normal-Ca: 154.5 and low-Ca: 26.1mg/kg of body weight/day). Serum Mg and Ca concentrations as well as heart rate (HR) as an indicator for signs of hypomagnesemic tetany were determined every day throughout the experimental periods. On feeding either the low-Mg and normal-Ca diet or the low-Mg and low-Ca diet the decreased dietary levels of Mg resulted in a significant fall of serum Mg concentration (0.5-0.7mg/100ml). Serum Ca concentration gradually fell on feeding the low-Mg and low-Ca diet. On feeding the low-Mg and normal-Ca diet it temporarily fell and then returned nearly to the control level. Consequently, serum Ca/Mg ratio rised more remarkably on feeding the low-Mg and normal-Ca diet than the low-Mg and low-Ca diet. The significant increase in HR, or the onset of hypomagnesemic tetany was always preceded by remarkable rise in serum Ca/Mg ratio on feeding the low-Mg and normal-Ca diet. It is suggested that the imbalance in dietary Ca/Mg ratio might enlarge the imbalance of Ca/Mg ratio in extracellular and intracellular fluid resulting in the hypomagnesemic tetany in lactating ewes.View full abstractDownload PDF (753K) -
Masaaki NAGASAKI, Tadashi TAKEWAKI, Hidenori OHASHI1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 443-452
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn electrophysiological investigation of nerve pathways was performed on the chicken's isolated rectal region of Remak's nerve trunk and isolated perfused rectum with attached Remak's nerve supply. Compound action potentials were recorded using the sucrose gap method. The rectal region of Remak's nerve trunk was found to consist of four groups of nerve pathways composing of B and C fibers, according to the conduction velocity of nervous impulses. Some of them involved synaptic transmission somewhere in the trunk. Present results also provided evidence for the existence of nerve pathways innervating the rectum: (1)that was to ascend or descend in Remak's nerve trunk, leave the trunk and run in the branches to the rectum, (2)that was to descend splanchnic lumbosacral nerve, enter Remak's nerve trunk, leave the trunk, and run in the branches to the rectum, and (3)that was to ascend the branches, enter Remak's nerve trunk, leave the trunk, and run in the branches to the recturm (a local reflex arch). It seemed very likely that these nerve pathways innervating the rectum were excitatory and mediate non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic responses in the rectum.View full abstractDownload PDF (925K) -
Yuji KONO, Hiroshi SENTSUI, Keigo ARAI, Akira FUJIGAKI, Chikashi ENOMO ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 453-461
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCalves born to dams infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) were investigated serologically and virologically before and/or after ingetion of colostrum to develop effective methods to detect BLV-infected calves in an early postnatal life. Of 50 precolostral sera, 10 (20%) and 13 (26%) were BLV-antibody positive by immunodiffusion (ID) and virusneutralization (VN) tests, respectively, indicating in utero BLV infection of the donor calves. In 18 postcolostral sera, ID antibody titers against BLV correlated well with serum ID antobody titers of the respective dams. The colostral antobodies decayed with a half-life of about 20 days in 76 BLV-uninfected calves. The antibody became undetectable in almost all of the calves at 6 months of age. On the other hand, in 16 calves infected in utero with BLV, ID antibody was often detected even at 6 months of age and later. The pattern of change in individual sequential ID antibody titers of these BLV-infected calves could be divided into three types. In type 1, ID antibody titers were maintained from birth to 7 months of age or older. In Types 2 and 3, the antibody titers decreased at a rate similar to those in uninfected calves. The titers then increased again at 5 to 7 months of age in Type 2 but they did not appear again after their disappearance in Type 3. Calves with antobody changes of Types 1, 2 and 3 were 6 (37.5%), 6 (37.5%) and 4 (25.0%), respectively. By testing sequential antibody titers, it was revealed that 7 (11.7%) of 60 calves which could not be tested for precolostral antibodies showed antibody changes of Types 1 and 2, indicating BLV infection in utero. Methods to detect BLV-infected calves in an early postnatal life are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (810K) -
Teji MIYAOKA, Hiroaki TAKAHASHI, Shuji TSUDA, Yasuhiko SHIRASU1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 463-470
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of O, O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate (fenitrothion) on the acute toxicity of 2-sec-butylphenyl methylcarbamate (BPMC) were investigated in dogs. The plasma concentration of BPMC and the erythrocyte cholinesterase (ChE) activity were measured to examine whether these parameters were appropriate indicators for the toxic effects. The increase of BPMC dose (50-400mg/kg, p.o.) aggravated the toxic symptom accompanied with the increase of plasma concentrations of BPMC and ChE inhibition. Oral coadministration of fenitrothion (100mg/kg; no effective dose) greatly extended the duration of toxic symptom of BPMC (50mg/kg; minimum effective dose) to 2-fold (5h). The plasma level of BPMC in the eliminating phase was increased by the coadministration and began to decrease after 6h, while ChE inhibition continued for 8h. Pretreatment with fenitrothion 5mg/kg/day for 7 days caused one death out of 3 dogs after the administration of BPMC (100mg/kg), while the same dose of BPMC without pretreatment did not cause any death. The pretreatment of fenitrothion increased the duration of toxic symptom of BPMC by 2.5-fold. The time course of the toxic symptom was similar to that of plasma concentration of BPMC but the inhibition of ChE in surviving dog was greater than that in dead one. These results suggested that the acute toxicity of BPMC was potentiated by fenitrothion and that the plasma concentration of BPMC was a better indicator of the potentiation than ChE activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K) -
Hiroyuki KOYAMA, Hisashi NAKANISHI, Osamu KAJIKAWA, Hiroyasu YOSHIKAWA ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 471-475
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe frequencies of T and B lymphocytes were studied in 15 cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), four with persistent lymphocytosis (PL) and two with sporadic bovine leukosis (SPL) of thymic lymphosarcoma (TLS). T lymphocytes were identified by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique using rabbit anti-bovine thymocyte serum and B lymphocytes by the surface immunoglobulin immunofluorescence assay. There were 70.5-76.7% B lymphocytes included in the tumor, peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL), lymph nodes and spleen of EBL cattle; T lymphocytes were in the range of 14.4-21.2%. The PBL in PL cattle showed much higher frequencies of B lymphocytes than normal cattle as in the case of EBL cattle. In TLS cattle, T lymphocytes accounted for 79.0-97.6% of the cells in the tumor, PBL, lymph nodes and spleen and the B lymphocytes for 2.6-15.8%. These results suggest that the tumor cells of EBL originate from B lymphocytes, and those of TLS from T lymphocytes, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (523K) -
Hiroshi KODAMA, Misao ONUMA, Shin-ichi YAMAMOTO, Takeshi MIKAMI, Hisao ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 477-485
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe enhancement of tumor growth in athymic nude mice transplanted with bovine leukemia cell line (FLK) was observed by inoculation of anti-asialo GM1 (gangliotetra-glycosylceramide) serum which has been shown to eliminate natural killer (NK) activity in vitro and in vivo. The biological mechanisms for the enhancement were investigated by examining NK activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of the spleen cells of the nude mice. FLK cells, that are weakly sensitive to NK cell-mediated immunolysis. were also killed by normal spleen cells of nude mice in the presence of specific antibodies to FLK cells. The ADCC was suppressed by inoculation of anti-asialo GM1 serum, which indicates that ADCC-functioning killer (K) cells too have asialo GM1 as NK cells. These results suggest that normal nude mice reject transplanted FLK cells by K cells as well as NK cells and inoculation of anti-asialo GM1 serum allows the tumor growth through elimination of both the NK and K cell activities.View full abstractDownload PDF (944K) -
Toshiharu HAYASHI, Yoshinori WATABE, Takashi TAKENOUCHI, Kosaku FUJIWA ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 487-494
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSApparent disease was experimentally Produced by intragastric inoculation with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus in 4 of 20 seropositive kittens, while all of 30 seronegative kittens had no signs of illness except for some enteritis after inoculation. Lesions in visceral organs as well as the serosa seemed to be produced depending upon the presence of high-titered serum antibody, while some other factors should be involved in the disease production. Lesions produced in the serosa and abdominal organs were characterized by fibrinous serositis with necrotic and pyogranulomatous vasculitis and lympho-reticular tissue necrosis. Viral antigen was detected within macrophages in those lesions by immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase assay.View full abstractDownload PDF (1386K) -
Toshihiko NAKAO, Akiyoshi SUGIHASHI, Keiichiro KAWATA, Nobuhiko SAGA, ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 495-499
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProgesterone levels in skim milk sampled from 17 Pregnant and 39 non-pregnant cows three times weekly for 4 to 9 weeks after insemination were measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The lengths of estrous cycle in non-pregnant cows were 19 days in 8, 21 days in 14, 22 days in 1, 23 days in 3, 26 days in 3, and 30 to 60 days in 10 cows, respectively. A significantly lower (p<0.01) progesterone level of skim milk in non-pregnant cows, as compared with the level in the pregnants, was observed only on the day of estrus. The milk progesterone contents 2 days before and after the estrus were high enough to indicate the active corpus luteum function. In the 10 cows which returned to estrus 30 to 60 days after insemination, an occurrence of the embryonic death after 20-22 days after the serivce was suspected. The variation of the length of the estrous cycle as well as the occurrence of embryonic mortality could be most probable cause of the false positive diagnosis of pregnancy when the milk progesterone test was applied on the 20th or 21st day after insemination.View full abstractDownload PDF (558K) -
Yutaka NAKAI, Keiji OGIMOTO1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 501-506
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUtilization of carbohydrate by Eimeria tenella sporozoite was investigated under aerobic condition. The decrease of amylopectin reserve in the sporozoite cultivated at 37°C was suppressed by glucose, fructose, mannose and maltose but not by galactose, glycogen, sucrose, lactose, pyruvate and glycerol. When the sporozoites were incubated at 41°C in the presence of 14C-glucose, the change of radio activity showed that the sporozoites took in glucose from out of their body and metabolize it to excrete briskly. C02 production from glucose was observed at the beginning of incubation.View full abstractDownload PDF (587K) -
Masaharu KAWAI, Hiroyuki KINOSHITA, Shichiro INADA1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 507-515
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a signal-averaging technique, the evoked electrospinogram (EESG) by stimulating saphenous nerve was recorded from epidural space in order to clarify the characteristics of canine EESG. When saphenous nerve in neurologically normal dogs was stimulated, the segmental EESG was obtained from the epidural space adjacent to L3 to L6 segments (L2 to L5 vertebrae). The segmental EESG consisted of one positive (P1) and three negative peaks (N1, N2 and N3). A slow positive phase occasionally followed N3. When the stimulus intensity was changed, the N3 latency varied whereas the P1 and the N1 latencies were almost constant. The N2 and the N3 amplitudes were variable even in the same dog at the stimulus intensity strong enough to make the P1-to-N1 amplitude maximum. Spinal transection at a lower thoracic level had no influence upon the segmental EESG. After a temporal spinal ischemia, P1 and N1 did not change. On the contrary, N2 was diminished in the rigid as well as in the flaccid dogs and N3 was greatly decreased or almost disappeared in the rigid dogs and completely abolished in the flaccid dogs. Mephenesin did not alter the segmental EESG. On the other hand, baclofen decreased N2 and, more preferentially, N3. Based upon these results, it was suggested that P1 and N1 might be related to the arrival of the afferent volley at the spinal cord and N3 might be associated with the interneuronal activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (830K) -
Kozo TAKASE, Tomoyuki MARUYAMA, Fujio NONAKA, Shinji YAMADA1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 517-518
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
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Hiroshi ISHII, Yoshio OKI1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 519-523
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
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Kazunori IKE, Soichi IMAI, Toshio ISHII1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 525-527
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Takeshi YAGIHASHI, Tetsuo NUNOYA, Yosaburo OTAKI1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 529-532
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
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Yoshihisa NAITO, Eiji WATANABE, Akinori OSHIBE, Reeko SATO, Daizo MURA ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 533-535
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
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Takao NISHIDA, Yoshihiro HAYASHI, Cha Soo LEE, Young Jun CHO, Tsutomu ...1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 537-541
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Hajime TSUJIMOTO, Atsuhiko HASEGAWA, Reiji TAKAHASHI, Isamu TOMODA1983 Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 543-546
Published: August 05, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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