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Volume 36 (1974)
- Issue 6 Pages 459-
- Issue 5 Pages 363-
- Issue 4 Pages 285-
- Issue 3 Pages 195-
- Issue 2 Pages 73-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 36, Issue 5
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Yoshio KOJIMA, Yoshimitsu KINOSHITA, Michio FUKUDA1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 363-374
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA Hampshire boar produced an unique form of abnormal spermatozoa (Kojima: 1973), and the boar's testes produced multiple-headed sperm were post mortem investigated histologically. The morphological alterations of the testes were generally hyperplasia of the interstitial tissue and hypoplasia of the seminiferous tubules. The degenerative changes consisted of various kinds of atrophy in the germ cells and disintegration of spermatozoa in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. With frequent appearance of multinucleated giant cells, there were obviously noticed multiple-headed spermatozoa and also late spermatids in the seminiferous tubules. It is interesting that the multiple headed-spermatozoa were already in existence in the testes. A case of double headed-spermatozoa was also noticed in the interstitial space.View full abstractDownload PDF (2604K) -
Katsuya HIRAI, Ching-Nan CHANG, Seigo SHIMAKURA1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 375-380
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA serological survey was carried out to detect hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody against hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) from the serum of pig. A total of 6, 797 porcine serum samples were collected from 45 prefectures in Japan. As a result, 3, 393 samples (49.9%) had the antibody. Of them, 1, 992 samples (58.7%) had an HI titer of 1:1280 or high. The positive rate varied from 39.6 to 72.0% in each age-group. It was 53.7, 47.0, 39.6, 52.5, 54.4, and 72.0% in the 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-l2, and over-12-month groups, respectively. In short, the positive rate became higher in accordance with the advance in age. The occurrence of such a high positive rate as 53.7% in the 0-2 month group, and the same HI titers of suckling piglets as those of their mother sows may be due to the absorption of antibodies from colostrum. The breed of pigs may not be a factor to induce HEV infection. The positive rate was high in the Kinki and Chugoku districts (66.1 and 65.1%, respectively) and low in the Tohoku and Kanto districts (26.6 and 27.8%, respectively). Antibodies against HEV were proved in Japan in 1965 and confirmed in every subsequent year. In 1973, more than 60.0% of the pigs examined were found to possess those antibodies. Therefore, it is concluded that HEV infection may be widespread in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
Katsumoto UEDA, Teruo MAGARIBUCHI, Junzo SAEGUSA, Toru URANO, Kikuji I ...1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 381-389
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFifteen beagles, 13 males and 2 females, from a breeder colony suspected of Brucella canis (B. canis) infection were autopsied, and isolation of B. canis from various organs and detection of anti-B. canis agglutinin in their sera were attempted. B. canis was isolated from the spleen, lymph nodes, prostate and epididymis at a high frequency and from blood, testis and urinary bladder of some cases. Five of 15 dogs having been treated with tetracycline were shown to harbour smaller number of the organisms than the non-treated ones. Most of the sera showed high agglutinin titres to B. canis, and the presence of incomplete antibody was confirmed in some sera showing only feeble agglutination. Treatment with cortisone or antilymphocytic serum failed to produce recurrent disease in 12 persistently infected males.View full abstractDownload PDF (803K) -
Kaoru KOSHIMIZU, Manabu OGATA1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 391-406
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMycoplasmas were isolated from 100 (30.8%) of 324 specimens collected from 81 apparently healthy or affected dogs. They were isolated from nasal cavity (17/23:73.9%), oral cavity (7/7: 100%), trachea (33/46: 71.7%), lung (9/46: 19.5%), liver (1/40:2.5%), kidney (2/38: 5.2%), spleen (2/40: 5.0%), lymph node (4/35: 11.4%), vagina (18/30: 60.0%) and urethra (7/10: 70.0%). Negative results were obtained from 3 specimens of skin and one each of prostate, thyroid, tonsil, testicle, and pleural and peritoneal fluid. A total of 158 strains cloned from these positive cultures could be differentiated into 6 types on the basis of their colonial morphology and various biological and serological characteristics. Of them, 72 strains were identified as M. canis, 28 as M. edwardii, 23 as M. spumans, and 21 as M. maculosum. A sterol-nonrequiring strain isolated from the vagina of a bitch was identified as Acholeplasma laidlawii. Eleven strains isolated from the urethra of male dogs and from the vagina of a female were clearly distinguished from any other previously described canine mycoplasma biologically and serologically, although they were found to be related to one another. In addition, they appeared to have no antigenic relationship to other human and animal mycoplasma species when examined by the growth inhibition test. 0n the basis of the biological and serological characteristics, it is suggested that this group of isolates may belong to a new species of canine mycoplasmas.View full abstractDownload PDF (2630K) -
Koichi ONO, Toshiyuki DOI, Toyokazu ISHIKAWA, Nobuzo IWA, Matao NAITO, ...1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 407-420
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing duck embryo fibroblasts (DEF) six strains of herpesvirus were isolated from 105 healthy adult turkeys in 1970. Tissue culture transfer of these strains was readily achieved by using cell-free supernatants or filtrates of the supernatants through a membrane filter 0.45μ pore size. Cells infected with one of the strains designated as the HVT O1 strain released an especially large amount of cell-free virus. Further studies were mainly carried out with this strain. The viruses all produced large plaques consisting of round cells and multinucleate giant cells. Typical herpes-type intranuclear inclusions and intracytoplasmic inclusions, which were morphologically similar to those of Marek's disease virus (MDV) strain Biken C2, were observed in infected cells. Autoradiography with 3H-thymidine revealed a herpes-type arrangement of silver grains in the nuclei of infected cells. Electronmicroscopy of thin sections of infected cells showed mature herpes-type particles about 140mμ in diameter and many herpes-type capsids about 100mμ in diameter. Many cross-shaped capsids, which had not been observed in MDV infection, were also seen, as reported by Nazerian et al. (1971). The susceptibilities of duck, quail, and chicken embryo fibroblasts to the virus were similar. All the virus isolates gave antigenically cross reactions with MDV, but their reactions were not identical. These results indicate that these virus can be regarded as the herpesvirus of turkey described by Witter et al. (1970).View full abstractDownload PDF (2366K) -
Hiroshi SAWAZAKI, Hisashi HIROSE1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 421-426
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe RR interval and the partial conduction time in the electrocardiogram of vertebrates were studied from the viewpoint of comparative cardiology. They were important for the physiological or patho-physiological approach to the clarification of cardiac function. RR, PQ and QT intervals and QRS complex durations were measured on 245 electrocardiograms recorded from twelve vertebrate species. Cardiological data obtained from some other experiments and the results reported by other workers were referred to in discussion. Positive correlations were recognized in general among the partial conduction times in one another. However, positive correlations of RR-PQ, RR-QT and RR-QRS and a negative correlation on a bilogarithmic scale between the heart weight and the heart rate per minute in resting state were recognized only in homothermic animals. A relationship between the submaximal increasing ratio of heart rate and the heart rate in resting state was indicated approximately by a hyperbolic function. From the results obtained, it was presumed that the original pattern of the cardiac conduction system might be manifested in poikilothermic animals, and that animals showing a lower heart rate in resting state might be able to maintain a capacity of increasing the heart rate greater than those showing a high heart rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (608K) -
Akira YUASA1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 427-432
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen a very effective glucosidurogenic compound, eugenol, was administered to the rat, the following results were obtained on the metabolic response of the glucuronidation system. 1) After a single oral administration of eugenol, a large amount of ether-type glucuronide excreted was found in the urine collected over the 0-12 or 12-24 hour period after the administration. It was reduced rapidly to a normal level. 2) After the same administration, the specific activity of UDP-glucuronyltransferase in the liver started to increase. gradually at 12 hours, reaching its maximum value at 48 hours, and then declined slowly. Liver weight showed a tendency to increase in percentage to initial body weight since 36 hours after the administration. 3) UDP-Glucuronyltransferase activity enhanced by eugenol was localized in microsome in the same manner as basal activity. These results indicate that rapid glucuronide formation and excretion of the administered glucosidurogenic foreign compound took place in the living body, and that the inductive adaptation of UDP-glucuronyltransferase occurred subsequently to the administered compound in liver microsome. It was postulated that an effective glucosidurogenic compound might act in vivo as a 'substrate inducer' on liver UDP-glucuronyltransferase.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K) -
Hiroshi OIKAWA, Harumoto KAWAGUCHI1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 433-440
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSContractile activity of the digestive tracts of chickens artificially infected with Eimeria tenella and E. acervulina was studied by Magnus' method with the response of isolated intestinal tissues to acetylcholine (Ach) as indicator, in relation to parasitism in the tissues during the severe symptomatic period and recovering period. E. tenella invaded the subepithelial tissue of the cecum deeply and caused a depression of cecal contractile response or relaxation in Ach application. The contractile response to Ach of the posterior small intestine was depressed. On the contrary, that of the anterior small intestine in the recovering period was enhanced, although no coccidia were found in this part of the intestine. E. acervulina harbored in the outer part of the epithelial tissue of the villi of the anterior small intestine, and enhanced contractile activity induced by Ach. The Ach response of the posterior small intestine which harbored no parasites was depressed as that in E. tenella infection. No effect of the infection was seen on the contractile response of the cecum and rectum. There was a difference in the Ach effect on the intestinal contractile response of the host between E. tenella and E. acervulina infection. No difference in Ach-induced contractility was seen between the inoculum sizes used, except in the anterior small intestine in E. tenella infection. These results suggest that coccidial infection may cause a disorder of intestinal contractility in the host not only directly to its parasitic site but also generally over the whole extent of the digestive tract.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K) -
Kou FURUGOURI, Yutaka YAMADA1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 441-445
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFourteen piglets weighing 10.7 kg on the average were divided equally into two groups, a fasting and a feeding. The animals of the former group were forced to fast for 5 days, and those of the latter fed ad libitum for the same period. At the termination of the experiment, the ferrokinetics of 59Fe was determined. Although plasma volume was significantly smaller in the fasting group than the feeding group, there was no significant difference in plasma volume per kg of body weight between the two groups. There was no significant difference either in red cell mass between the groups, but red cell volume per kg of body weight was significantly greater in the fasting group. Thus, it seems likely that the plasma shift from intravascular to extravascular spaces due to weight loss resultant from fasting may have caused a decrease in plasma volume and hemoconcentration in the blood stream. A marked prolongation of plasma iron clearance and a diminution of the plasma iron turnover rate were observed in the fasting piglets. These animals had significantly less radioiron in red cells and more in the liver and spleen when examined 24 hours after intravenous injection of 59Fe. Nonheme iron concentration in the liver and spleen varied markedly from one individual to another. It was approximately half that of the growing pig. It is possible that an excess in count of red blood cells due to weight loss may cause a marked diminution in erythropoiesis, and that depressed erythropoiesis may restrict the amount of iron incorporated from the circulating iron into red cells, resulting in an increase in radioiron storage in the liver and spleen.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
Atsuhiko HASEGAWA, Kazuya USUI1974 Volume 36 Issue 5 Pages 447-449
Published: October 25, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (721K)
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