-
Iwao KUNUGIYAMA, Nobuhiko ITO, Yoshinori FURUKAWA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
855-860
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
For the measurement of canine blood volume, various experimental conditions and techniques have been investigated using a non radioactive stable isotope
50Cr. On the basis of the results in this preliminary work, erythrocytes were labeled using
50Cr. Five μg of
50Cr per 1ml of blood was added and incubated for 60 min. The canine erythrocytes were tagged using
50Cr and injected into vein of the same dogs. The blood samples collected at 60 min after the injection were irradiated by thermal neutron for 20 min at the reactor of the JAERI. Activities of
51Cr (the
50Cr concentration method) and
51Cr/
59Fe radioactivity ratios (the
51Cr/
59Fe ratio method) in the samples were measured. There was a very high correlation (r=0.97, P<0.001) between the blood volumes calculated by the
50Cr concentration method and the
51Cr/
59Fe ratio method. The latter method is less complicated than the former, because measurement of the sample weight and correction of thermal neutron flux are unnecessary. The mean blood volumes calculated by the ratio method and the Evans blue method were 89.8±6.8ml/kg B.W. (mean±SD) and 98.9±10.6ml/kg, respectively, showing a significant difference between them (P<0.05). However, these values are almost in accord by correction of venous blood PCV values with factor 0.97. As a detection limit of
50Cr was approximately 0.1 ng per 1ml of blood in this system, this method has been concluded to be applicable to the measurement of the blood volume of cattle.
View full abstract
-
Jyoji YAMATE, Masanori TAJIMA, Masaharu TOGO, Nobuko SHIBUYA, Kazumoto ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
861-869
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Morphologic and functional characteristics were investigated on in vitro passaged cells (MT-P) derived from a rat transplantable malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH-MT). There were spindle, polygonal, and giant cell types in MT-P. Ultrastructurally, the polygonal and giant cells had the abundant cytoplasm with many lysosomes and processes, whereas the spindle cells possessed smooth cell surface and a small number of lysosomes in their cytoplasm. Immunorosette formation for Fc- and C3-surface receptors and phagocytic activity were demonstrated in 10-20% of MT-P. MT-P were positive for acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and alkaline phosphatase. Chromosomes counted in 100 MT-P ranged from 32 to 100 with two peaks of 64 and 76. Tumors induced in syngeneic rats by inoculating MT-P showed variable histologic patterns. They were composed partly of histiocytic cells arranged in a compact sheet. Fibroblastic cells often arranged in a storiform pattern or were supported by myxoid matrix. Osteosarcoma-like structures were occasionally found in the tumors. These results suggest that MFH-MT is heterogeneous, although some cells constituting the tumors have histiocytic markers.
View full abstract
-
Toshihiko TSUTSUI, Masanori SATO, Noriko KUROSAWA, Ikuko HATTORI, Hide ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
871-877
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Studies were conducted to investigate the Possibility of embryo transfer in the cat during the non-breeding season. Estrus was induced in 19/22 (86.4%) cats using a porcine pituitary gland preparation. Uterine horns were flushed in 5 cats 6-8 days after mating with expanded blastocysts being collected from 4 cats. One to nineteen blastocysts per cat were transferred to the uterine horns of 6 recipient cats in which ovulation had been induced with HCG. The time differences between time of ovulation in donor and recipient animals were 0.5 days earlier in the recipient (2 cats), 1 day later in the recipient (3 cats), and no difference (1 cat); conception occurred in all the recipients. The ratio of fetuses to transplanted embryos were 1/1, 1/2, 2/3, 2/6, 4/7, and 2/19, respectively. Fetal death occurred in 2 cats at days 22 and 25 and abortion occurred in 3 cats at days 34, 35 and 39. There was a delay in the expulsion of placentae in the animals that experienced fetal death on days 22 and 25, expulsion occurring on days 36 and 56, respectively. One cat was treated with progesterone and carried 2 fetuses to day 66; pregnancy was terminated by cesarean section. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that embryo transfer can be performed in cats in which estrus and ovulation have been induced with porcine pituitary gland preparation during the non-breeding season. However, luteal activity needs to be supplemented by exogenous progesterone administration to maintain pregnancy.
View full abstract
-
Yoshiyuki TAKIMOTO, Mitsugu HISHINUMA, Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI, Hiroshi KA ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
879-885
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Rosette inhibition tests for the detection of early pregnancy factor (EPF) were performed on naturally ovulated and superovulated mice from day 2 of pregnancy up to 4 days after parturition. In both groups of mice, the rosette inhibition titre (RIT) increased on day 2 of pregnancy, and persisted at high levels until day 15. Thereafter, the RITs of both groups of mice decreased to the non-pregnancy range. No significant differences of the mean RITs between these two groups were observed during the high RIT period. These results showed that the superovulatory treatment did not cause any changes or interference in the detection of EPF. In order to investigate the initial time of appearance of EPF in the maternal circulation in relation to the stage of fertilization, measurement of RIT and examination of the fertilization stage were carried out on superovulated mice 1 day after mating. The mean RIT of mice with pronucleus stage ova was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of mice with sperm-penetrated ova. EPF was considered to appear in the maternal peripheral blood at the pronucleus stage.
View full abstract
-
Shizue CHIKAMATSU, Hong-Kun ZHAO, Naoya KIKUCHI, Takashi HIRAMUNE
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
887-891
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Sera from 1186 apparently healthy sheep in Hokkaido were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunodiffusion (ID) for the presence of antibodies against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. ELISA-positives were 466 (39.3%) while ID-positives were 330(27.8%). Spread of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep in Hokkaido was thus clarified. Although ID was less sensitive than ELISA in detecting the antibodies against C. pseudotuberculosis it did not give any non-specific reaction. From the results and in view of the simplicity of the test procedure, ID was found to be of practical diagnostic value. Distribution by age group of anti-C. pseudotuberculosis antibodies in 758 sheep in a herd detected by both tests showed that the ratio of positives was low in sheep aged less than 1 year, and the ratio increased significantly in those aged 1 year and continued to increase with age until it reached a plateau at the age of 4-5 years.
View full abstract
-
Kazuyuki TANIGUCHI, Saori KANEZAKI, Shin-ichi MIKAMI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
893-903
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Six cell types of the pars distalis were studied from perinatal to senile stage in the golden hamster in combination with morphometric analysis and immunocytochemistry. GH cells occupied only a small area at 15 days of gestation and increased remarkably after birth to occupy a significantly larger area in the young adult than that in the other stages. PRL cells first appeared at 3 days after birth and increased rapidly thereafter to be distributed throughout the pars distalis. They always occupied a larger area in females than in males from 3 weeks after birth onward. ACTH cells were distributed mainly in the peripheral region of the pars distalis. They were dominant at 15 days of gestation, but relatively decreased after birth. The gonadotrophic cells were divided into LH cells and FSH cells. About 70% of LH cells were also immunoreactive to anti-FSH serum. LH cells occupied a larger area than that of FSH cells in every stage examined. TSH cells occupied the second largest area at 15 days of gestation, but rapidly decreased at 3 weeks after birth to occupy the smallest area among the immunoreactive cell types throughout the life-span. The chronological changes in the percentages of all cell types constituting the pars distalis seemed to reflect the activity of these cell types at a given stage.
View full abstract
-
Hideki HAYASHIDANI, Yoshiro OMI, Masuo OGAWA, Kazuo FUKUTOMI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
905-908
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Based on the Chiang's method, the life table for cats was constructed from the death data of 3936 cats. They died in the Kanto area and were buried in an animal cemetery in Tokyo from June 1981 through May 1982. This life table seems to be the first one for domestic pet cats. The expectation of life for cats was 4.2 years at age 0, 5.0 years at age 1, 5.4 years at age 4, 5.3 years at age 5, 3.5 years at age 10, and 2.2 years at age 15. The maximum age at death was 22 years. From age 0 to age 5, the probability of dying for cats was higher than that for dogs, but over 6 years of age it seemed that Gompertz's equation was applicable to this life table for cats. From these results, if the probability of dying for cats at early ages decreases, the fundamental pattern of dying curve for cats seems to be a similar figure of dogs. The life table was constructed for different breeds and localities. Comparing the expectation of life at age 1 (e
1) of the two populations divided by breeds or localities, there was significant difference in the e
1 among different localities but not among different breeds. These facts suggest the existence of some factors which may influence the life span of cats among different localities.
View full abstract
-
Kazushige TAKEHANA, Mitsuo ABE, Kenji IWASA, Takeo HIRAGA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
909-915
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Complex carbohydrates were examined in glandular cells of the horse duodenal gland by using lectin histochemical techniques. In the horse, the duodenal gland was distributed in the area from the uppermost part of the small intestine to a point about 6m caudal to the pylorus. It consisted of two types of cells, mucous and serous cells. The former was found in glands distributed almost all over this part, but the latter was present in glands distributed restrictedly to the uppermost part of the small intestine at a point about 10 cm caudal to the pylorus. The cytoplasm of the mucous cell contained neutral glycoproteins with different saccharide residues as α-mannose, N-acetyl-β(1→4)-D-glucosamine, galactose, α-galactose, α-N-acetylglucosamine, β-D-Gal (1→3)-D-GalNAc, α-L-fucose and sialic acid. On the other hand, the serous cell contained neutral and acid glycoproteins with different residues such as α-D-mannose, α-D-glucose, β-D-galactose(1→3)-D-N-acetylgalactose, α-L-fucose, N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-β (1→4)-D-glucosamine, galactose, α-galactose, α-N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. It is also elucidated in the present study that lipase, an enzyme for digestion, is contained in the serous cell of the equine duodenal gland.
View full abstract
-
Miho TSUJI, Ryo GOITSUKA, Yoshikazu HIROTA, Atsuhiko HASEGAWA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
917-923
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The culture supernatant of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from cats with effusive feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) was chemotactic for peripheral blood neutrophils (PBN) from healthy cats, magnitude of the chemotactic activity being approximately 10-fold lower than that in zymosan-activated fresh serum of healthy cats (ZAS). The migration profile of PBN from healthy cats was slightly different between the PEC culture supernatant and ZAS. These findings suggest that the chemotactic activity detected in the PEC culture supernatant is distinct from that in ZAS. The chemotactic responses of PBN from FIP cats to ZAS were reduced, as compared with that from healthy controls. In contrast, the neutrophil chemotactic response and sensitivity to the PEC culture supernatant in FIP cats were not remarkably different from those in healthy controls. Furthermore, the chemotactic responsiveness of PEC from FIP cats to ZAS was slightly different from that of PEC to the PEC culture supernatant. These results suggest that neutrophils from FIP cats have altered reactivities against these chemoattractants.
View full abstract
-
Hiroyuki MAEDA, Chieko MORI, Michiko KUROKAWA, Akira YUASA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
925-933
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The livers which are discolored yellowish and have a large amount of lipids (liver degeneration) are frequently observed in slaughtered pigs. Dark firm dry (DFD) meat and liver degeneration have a common etiological agent of exhaustion in pigs before slaughter. The correlation between them was examined. In 65 cases of 77 slaughtered pigs with the degenerative liver, which contained more than 6.6% total lipids of liver wet weight, the carcasses showed early rigor mortis and the higher final pH above 6.0. R values of the muscles, which indicated the decrease of ATP, were higher. The meat had a DFD appearance and the muscle fibers had no tendency to shrink. These data showed that the pigs with liver degeneration produced DFD meat at a high rate. In 4 cases of 5 pigs exhausted experimentally by 53 hr fasting and hard exercise before slaughter, both liver degeneration and DFD meat were produced simultaneously. The livers of them were discolored and contained about 8.0% or more total lipids. The carcasses of them showed early rigor mortis and the higher final pH above 6.0. From these data, it was suggested that the exhaustion in pigs before slaughter caused both liver degeneration and DFD meat.
View full abstract
-
Koichi MURATA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
935-940
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A survey for Toxoplasma gondii (Tp) infection in the animals bred or caught in and around Kobe Municipal Oji Zoo was conducted by the Latex Agglutination (LA) test using plasma samples collected for the years from 1980 to 1988. Plasma antibody to Tp (≥1:64) was found in 5.0% (0 of 181) mammals belonging to 28 families of 10 orders and 6.7% (12 of 179) aves belonging to 22 families of 15 orders, respectively. Cats, rats and pigeons caught in and around the zoo lower positive rates than those reported in previous studies: 9.3% (4 of 43), 0% (0 of 55) and 4.9% (4 of 82), respectively. High antibody titers were obtained from a Caribbean flamingo, a chimpanzee and 7 other animals born in the zoo. These results suggest presence of some primary Tp infection in the animals bred in the zoo.
View full abstract
-
Ryu-Koh MURAKAMI, Yoh-Ichi MIYAKE, Yoshihiro KANEDA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
941-945
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A total of 18 sterile heifers, their mother cows, their half-sib cows and a bull which may or may not be a full-sib were cytogenetically investigated. Three cases out of the 18 sterile heifers showed different types of chromosomal abnormalities respectively; 60, XY; 60, XX/60, XY; 61, XX, +20. The remainder showed normal karyotype.
View full abstract
-
Ikuo TAKASHIMA, Nobuo HASHIMOTO, Takutoshi WATANABE, Leon ROSEN
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
947-953
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A study was conducted during 1985 and 1986 to evaluate the roles of mosquito species as possible vectors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus in Hokkaido. The number of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was very low among the four pig farms where outbreaks of abortion caused by JE virus were observed in swine populations. At one farm near Sapporo, only one Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was found among a total of 510 mosquitoes collected during the survey period from July to October 1985, even when JE virus activity among sentinel pigs was revealed by seroconversion. At another farm in the south, no individuals of this mosquito species were found among 987 mosquitoes collected at the time of the outbreaks of abortion. Cx. pipiens pallens, Anopheles species, Aedes vexans nipponii, and Ae. japonicus were predominant over Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, almost a solve vector species of JE virus in the southern part of Japan, is probably not a vector of the virus in Hokkaido. The collected mosquitoes (2, 332 from 1985 and 1, 403 from 1986) were processed for virus isolation but no JE virus was isolated. More extensive field studies are necessary to provide further information on the role of mosquito species other than Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the transmission of JE virus in the northern limits of its range including Hokkaido.
View full abstract
-
Mineo HAYASAKI, Isamu OHISHI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
955-960
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Two immunosuppressive drugs, azathiopurine (AZP) and prednisolone (PDS), were examined on dogs experimentally infected with Dirofilaria immitis in order to estimate the involvement of immunological assail in rejecting the parasite by the host. AZP was orally administered to 3 dogs daily at a dosage of 1-10mg/kg for a period from 3 days before infection until the end of the experiment. The dose was then varied and transiently ceased according to the severity of the side effects. PDS was subcutaneously administered daily to 2 dogs. They were administered 10mg/kg of PDS from 3 days before infection to day 15 and 5.0-8.5mg/kg from day 60 after infection to day 70. The serum D. immitis-specific antibody level assessed by an indirect hemagglutination test was steadily decreased in the AZP-medicated dogs. However, in the PDS-medicated dogs, the antibody titer was decreased until day 32 and, thereafter, was recovered. When all dogs were sacrificed between days 145-148, an average recovery rate of worms in both the AZP- and PDS-medicated dogs was 52.5% and 49.6%, respectively, while the controls showed 42.5%. The statistical analysis revealed no significant difference among the groups, indicating that the administration of AZP and PDS was not effective in protecting the larvae from the host's immune attack.
View full abstract
-
Osamu HOSOMI, Akira TAKEYA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
961-968
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A soluble UDP-Gal: Gal (α1-3) galactosyltransferase was first detected in bovine colostrum and this enzyme activity was simply assayed by using ρ-nitrophenyl-β-lactoside (Gal(β1-4)Glc-C
6H
5NO
2, ρNP-lactoside) as an acceptor. Treating the radioactive product with α- or β-galactosidase, the radioactivity (>95%) was released by only α-galactosidase and was identified as [
3H] galactose. This shows that galactosyl residue was α-linked to ρ-nitrophenyl-β-lactoside. Methylation, hydrolysis, thin layer chromatography and fluorography of the reaction product (Gal(α1-)-[
3H]Gal(β1-4)Glc-ρNP) yielded 2, 4, 6-tri-O-methyl[
3H]galactose, indicating that galactosyl residue had been transferred to the carbon-3 position of the terminal nonreducing β-galactosyl residue in ρ-nitrophenyl-β-lactoside. These results confirmed that the structure of the reaction product was Gal(α1-3)Gal(β-4)Glc-ρNP. The enzyme requires Mn
2+ for its activity, and shows pH optimum from 6.5 to 7.5. ρ-Nitrophenyl-β-lactoside and asialo α
1-acid glycoprotein were more effective as an acceptor than N-acetyllactosamine. The bovine colostrum (α1-3) galactosyltransferase could not convert human O red cells into B active cells, indicating that this enzyme preparation did not contain the activity to synthesyze human blood group B erythrocytes.
View full abstract
-
Kiyotaka WATANABE, Tadashi SOHARA, Miwa TAKEDA, Kiwamu UENO, Naohiro S ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
969-974
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Each of five genetic variants of horse serum transferrin (Tf), D, F, H, O, and R, was separated into two bands by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (PAGIEF). The more acidic band, termed component a, was more abundant than the other one, termed component b, in all variants. Components a and b of TFO variant were immunologically indistinguishable from each other by double immunodiffusion test. Determination of the content ratio of component a to component b in each variant revealed that the variants were classified into two groups: one group (D, F, and H) had a relatively high ratio within a range from 3.4 to 4.0 and the other group (O and R) had a relatively low ratio of 1.8 to 2.3. From these results and reference data on carbohydrate compositions of components a and b, it was proposed that there is a difference in glycosylation between the two groups.
View full abstract
-
Masatoshi TAKEISHI, Shin SHIBATA, Shigehisa TSUMAGARI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
975-980
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in the bovine fetuses over the period of 5 to g months of gestation and in the neonates immediately after birth and at 5 days old were studied. In the bovine fetuses, the plasma ACTH levels ranged from 60.8±17.8 to 71.3±19.7pg/ml over the period of 5 to 7 months of gestation. It increased rapidly to 239.2±261.5pg/ml at 8 months and to 406.9±409.4pg/ml at 9 months of gestation. In the neonates immediately after birth it decreased to 182.3±110.7pg/ml. The plasma cortisol levels ranged from 3.23±2.12 to 3.85±2.52ng/ml over the period of 5 to 8 months of gestation and increased to 8.10±4.88ng/ml at 9 months of gestation. It then increased rapidly to 88.35±42.78ng/ml in the neonates immediately after birth. The correlation between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in the fetuses of 5 to 7 months of gestation was not significant, but in the fetuses of 8 and 9 months of gestation and neonates were significant. However, especially immediately after birth, the increase in plasma cortisol occurred without a concomitant rise in plasma ACTH. According to these findings, it is suggested that the pituitary-adrenocortical axis in bovine fetus matures in the later stage of gestation and an increase of sensitivity in the fetal adrenal gland to ACTH may serve as a trigger for the onset of parturition.
View full abstract
-
Shigeo OHBA, Hiroshi TORIUMI, Masatoshi TAKEISHI, Ryoji NODA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
981-985
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Sows infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (ssvs) were treated with 75, 150 and 300μg/kg of ivermectin by a single subcutaneous injection at the neck region. Compared to the numbers of mites and eggs just before injection, those on post treatment weeks (PTW) 1, 2 and 4 showed significant decreases. Especially at 300μg/kg, the counts showed almost all mites and eggs were eradicated on PTW 1, manifesting ivermectin to possess potential effect on ssve without apparent abnormal side effect. Potential mitocide effect of ivermectin on ssvs was revealed.
View full abstract
-
Keiji TAMURA, Toshiroh YATSU, Hiroshi ITOH, Yoshiko MOTOI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
987-994
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Bovine (α
1-acid glycoprotein (α
1AG) was purified from pooled normal bovine sera by successive ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatographies and gel filtration. Bovine α
1AG had a molecular weight of 42, 000±2, 000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.4S. It contained 26.6% carbohydrate. Gel isoelectric focusing revealed a microheterogeneity with 7 to 8 bands in a pI range of 3.2 to 3.7. It migrated to the α
1-globulin region upon immunoelectrophoresis. Single radial immunodiffusion was developed for the quantitative measurement of bovine α
1AG in serum. The mean serum value of α
1AG in 152 healthy Holstein cattle (1-12 years old) was 283.2±82.3pg/ml. Elevated values (cut-off value=450pg/ml) were observed in cattle with traumatic pericarditis (100%), arthritis (100%), mastitis (91%), pneumonia (70%), and mesenteric liponecrosis (43%).
View full abstract
-
Yuji TAKAHASHI, Masaaki IIDA, Yumi NISHIDA, Yasumasa KIDO
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
995-1001
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Eight calves, weighing 50-150kg, were given intramuscularly 5ml of ampicillin (ABPC) aqueous suspensions (200mg potency/ml) in their right and left gluteal and femoral regions. All calves were sacrificed one hour later to confirm the location of injected drug. The drug was found in a muscle layer when injected with a needle 15mm long to the following positions, (1) the midpoint between the central position of the gluteal region (CG) and the tuber coxae (M-CTc), (2) the midpoint between CG and the tuber ossis ischii (M-CTo), (3) the central position of M. semimembranaceus in the femoral region (CF). Seven calves, weighing 130-150kg, were given intramuscularly 5 ml of ABPC suspensions at M-CTo and CF and sacrificed one hour (4 calves) and 3 days (3 calves) later. ABPC diffused along the long axis of the muscle fibers but not to the radial direction. ABPC was detected only in the injected muscle layer even after 3 days indicating that the drug did not diffuse to the neighboring muscles. In the injected muscle layer, concentration of ABPC was remarkably different from part to part. From these results, sampling of the injected muscle for the drug residue study was proposed as follows: (1) isolate about 100g of muscle just under the stick point marked on the skin considering the direction of drug diffusion, and (2) isolate separately about 200g of the surrounding muscle to confirm if the sampling is appropriate.
View full abstract
-
Hiroshi ISOGAI, Emiko ISOGAI, Nobuhiro FUJII, Keiji OGUMA, Koo Lee CHA ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1003-1010
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The immunopotenciating activities of lipopolysaccharide from Achromobacter stenohalis (A-LPS) were examined. A-LPS was structurally atypical and gave no endotoxin shock in A-LPS-inoculated mice. Analysis in vitro showed that A-LPS was a potent activator of both macrophages and B-lymphocytes. After macrophage stimulation with A-LPS, interleukin-1, (IL-1) secretion, interferon (IFN) production and chemiluminescence (CL) response were induced. A-LPS was a potent mitogen for spleen lymphocytes. However, induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion in T lymphocytes was not observed. These activities of A-LPS were similar to or higher than that of enterobacterial LPS.
View full abstract
-
Takeo HIRAGA, Mitsuo ABE, Kenji IWASA, Kazushige TAKEHANA, Makoto TETS ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1011-1015
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A male Holstein-Friesian calf with seven legs was examined macroscopically and radiographically. External features included two normal forelimbs, two normal hindlimbs (lateral hindlimbs), and two abnormal hindlimbs (medial hindlimbs) which were underdeveloped. Also, a rudimentary forelimb, which was attached to the pelvic region, was observed between both the medial hindlimbs. It consisted of an underdeveloped humerus, a duplicated ulna, several carpal bones, a partially duplicated metacarpal bone and three digits with three hoofs. This leg was connected with two sets of coxae by a irregular-shaped bone considered the vestigial vertebrae and ribs. Two penises and scrotums, three kidneys and testes were also observed. This calf is the first case of dipygus associated with pygopagus parasiticus in cattle. Based on these findings, the pathogenesis of this rare anomaly was briefly discussed from an embryological point of view.
View full abstract
-
Kazumoto SHIBUYA, Masanori TAJIMA, Jyoji YAMATE, Miheko IHARA, Satoru ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1017-1024
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The influence of experimentally induced hyperlipidemia and aging on the development of pulmonary foam cells (PFCs) was examined in Fischer 344 rats. The male and female rats were administered orally with cholesterol at a dosage level of 1000mg/kg/day for 30 days from 6 to 10 weeks or from 33 to 37 weeks of age. The control rats received the vehicle only in the same manner. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride (TG), β-lipoprotein (β-LP) and calcium in both control and cholesterol-administered groups were higher at 37 weeks than at 10 weeks of age. Plasma β-LP and TG levels in the treated groups were significantly higher or tended to be higher than those of the controls at 10 and 37 weeks of age. Males of the treated group showed the highest level of β-LP at 37 weeks of age, positively correlated with the highest incidence of PFCs. PFCs developed singly or in a small cluster in peribronchial and subpleural regions. PFCs had an abundant cytoplasm filled with many fine vacuoles containing neutral lipid and cholesterol. PFCs stained with PAS and reacted immunohistochemically with both anti-rat monocytes/macrophages monoclonal antibody and anti-lysozyme antibody. Moderately swollen macrophages with a foamy appearance were detected in perivascular connective tissues of the lungs and they were considered to represent an initial stage of the development of PFCs. These observations suggest that hyperlipidemic conditions, particularly hyper β-lipoproteinemia, resulting from cholesterol administration or aging may be involved in the development of PFCs in rats.
View full abstract
-
Taisuke HORIMOTO, Joselito A. LIMCUMPAO, Yukinobu TOHYA, Eiji TAKAHASH ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1025-1027
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Keiichiro KIKUKAWA, Takayuki KAMEI, Katsushi SUZUKI
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1029-1031
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kazuhiko HAYASHI, Hideo KIBA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1033-1035
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yoshihiro HAYASHI, Takao NISHIDA, Takayoshi SHOTAKE, Yoshi KAWAMOTO
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1037-1039
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Toshiyuki SUZUKI, Shigeru SATO, Kan-ichi OHSHIMA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1041-1043
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Eimei SATO
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1045-1047
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Mitsuyoshi HAGIO, Takayuki MURAKAMI, Hiromitsu OTSUKA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1049-1053
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yuji UZUKA, Kouichirou NAKAHATA, Yoshiko TAKEDA, Naoaki GOTO
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1055-1058
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Masayuki NAKAMURA, ISTIYANINGSIH, Naohiko NAKASHIMA, Takashi KAJI, Sh ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1059-1061
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Nagaaki NAKAJIMA, Eiji OISHI, Tatsuji OKABE, Ichizo IWAMOTO, Norimasa ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1063-1066
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kenichiro ONO, Takashi HASEGAWA, Atsuhiko HASEGAWA, Isamu TOMODA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1067-1069
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Takashi ONODERA, Toshiaki TANIGUCHI, Kazuhiro YOSHIHARA, Masumi SATO, ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1071-1074
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yukio SEIMIYA, Hiroshi ITOH, Kan-ichi OHSHIMA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1075-1077
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Cleo CHEN-PAN, Kosaku FUJIWARA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1079-1082
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yuji UZUKA, Kenji MATSUNAMI, Mikihiko TOKURIKI, Shousou DOI, Chika MAS ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1083-1086
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Akiko HAMADA, Keiichiro KIKUKAWA, Katsushi SUZUKI, Shigekatsu MOTOYOSH ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1087-1090
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Junpei KIMURA, Yoshihiro MATSUMOTO, Azuma TSUKISE, Masaomi OKANO
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1091-1094
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Hiroshi ISOGAI, Emiko ISOGAI, Hitomi WAKIZAKA, Hiroko MIURA, Kazuo TAK ...
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1095-1097
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Hiroshi SATO, Masao KAMIYA
1989 Volume 51 Issue 5 Pages
1099-1101
Published: October 15, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 13, 2008
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
