By soaking in several organic solvents, and by the application of the protease-Nile blue sulphate technique devised recently by the present author, the ingredients contained in the Golgi apparatus of the hepatic cells, the pancreatic acinar cells in the mouse (Mus musculus) and in that of the spinal ganglion cells in the Guinea pig (Cavia cobaya) were examined for their properties of solubility. The dissected tissues were all fixed in formol and were cut using freezing microtome. These section were submitted to the following procedures respectively.
For the hepatic cells, the sections were soaked in the organic solvents and were digested in 0.3% pepsin solution which was slightly acidified with hydrochloric acid (pepsin technique). The section of the pancreas and those of the spinal ganglion were, after the lipoid extraction in the organic solvents, digested in 0.3% trypsin solution alkalized by the addition of sodium carbonate (trypsin technique). Following these procedures the sections were stained in 0.01% aqueous solution of Nile blue sulphate. They were mounted in saturated aqueous solution of saccharose. The data obtained through these experiments are summarized as follows.
(1) The Golgi substance of the hepatic cells of the mouse can be disclosed either by the pepsin or by the trypsin technique (cf. Fig. 1 to Figs. 2 and 3). It still continues to possess the original morphology after soaking in aceton, chloroform and in ether and subsequent digestion with pepsin (Fig. 4), whereas it is entirely dissolved away by the combined procedure with aceton and trypsin solution (Fig. 5).
(2) The Golgi substance of the pancreatic acinar cells is demonstrable by the trypsin technique (cf. Figs. 6-7). The pepsin solution is not suitable for this case, because it does not digest the protein comprising the cytoplasm, the diffuse staining of which makes the identification of the Golgi apparatus difficult. After the combination procedure with aceton and trypsin solution the Golgi apparatus remains appearing as slender net works (Fig. 8). Alcohol and trypsin solution dissolve the Golgi substance entirely (Fig. 9).
(3) In the case of the spinal ganglion cells the Golgi substance behaves quite similarly to that of the hepatic cells (Figs. 10, 11 and 12).
The conclusion which can be drawn from the data above summarized is that the ground matrix constructing the Golgi apparatus is, as a general rule, a protein digestible with trypsin and a lipoid soluble in aceton. This property of lipoid contradicts the general supposition that the lipoid component does not contain lecithin. Though such being the general rule, the ingredients of the Golgi substance can vary as the kind of the tissue differs. In the present experiment one such instance can be seen in the case of pancreatic acinar cells, the Golgi apparatus of which contains a small amount of lecithin, while those of others do not.

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In this report two rare pattern types: distincta (new name proposed by Prof. T. Komai) (Fig. 1-a, b) and rostrata (new name proposed by Prof. T. Komai) (Fig. 1-c, d) are dealt with. Both of these are due to the factors (P^D=factor for distincta, P^R=factor for rostrata) belonging to the same allelomorphic series as succinea, axyridia, spectabilis, conspicua, forficula, transversifascia, aulica and gutta and behave as dominants to succinea, but the heterozygote of distincta and succinea and the heterozygote of rostrata and succinea often can be distinguished from the respective homozygotes in that the spot has a concavity on the posterior side (Fig. 1-b, d). The concavity, however, is missing in some cases, and the heterozygote may show the same appearance as the homozygote (Fig. 1-a, c).
Distincta is completely dominant to forficula and rostrata. The heterozygote of distincta and axyridis (P^DP^A) resembles the heterozygote of conspicua and axyridis (see Report II, Fig. 1-l, m), but can be distinguished from the latter by the presence of the antero-median spot of axyridia (Fig. 2-c). All of the heterozygotes of conspicua and distincta (P^CP^D), gutta and distincta (P^GP^D), distincta and spectabilis (P^DP^S), distincta and transversifascia (P^DP^T) and distincta and aulica (P^DP^Au) have phenotypes similar to distincta, except that the antero-median spot is entirely missing (Fig. 2-d).
Rostrata is completely dominant to forficula. The heterozygote of rostrata and axyridis (P^RP^A) resembles the heterozygote of spectabilis and axyridis (see Report II, Fig. 1-h, i), but can be distinguished from it in the presence of the antero-median spot of axyradia (Fig. 2-g). The heterozygotes of spectabilis and rostrata (P^SP^R) and rostrata and aulica (P^RP^Au) cannot be distinguished from the heterozygote of spectabilis and forficula (Fig. 2-h). The heterozygotes of conspicua and rostrata (P^CP^R), gutta and rostrata (P^GP^R) and transversifascia and rostrata (P^TP^R) cannot be distinguished from the heterozygote of conspicua and forficula (Fig. 2-i).

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The hereditary dwarf rice plant, belonging to the genotype aaBB, was studied in comparison with the normal type AABB with special reference to the coleoptile growth and growth-substances.
The results obtained by the common Avena test showed that, the amount of growth-substances formed in 2mm of the top of coleoptile is practically equal in both types at the first stage of germination. But during the growth of coleoptile, the amount of effective growth substances in the normal type gradually surpasses that in the dwarf, while at the stage of six days after the sowing practically no growth-substances are to be found in both types of coleoptile.
On the other hand, soaking the grains in the solution of heteroauxin for 34 hours before germination accelerates the growth of coleoptile in both types when its concentration is optimum (0.0025%). But either in lower or in higher concentration the growth of coleoptile is more or less depressed. The growth increment in optimal concentration compared with that remained in water, is clearly greater in dwarf than in normals. This may presumably have a connection with the difference in the amount of growth substances in types above mentioned.

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The present paper deals with the chromosomes in the male germ cells of the following six species belonging to the Locustidae (Orthoptera). The numerical relation of the chromosomes existing in these species is given in the following table. The morphological features of chromosomes may be clear by reference to the accompanying figures (Figs. 1-32).

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On the grouping of gene mutations in Drosophila melanogaster, two cases are conceivable, namely, (1) grouping in one male, and (2) grouping in one chromosome. Although the present writers have met with examples for both of these cases, which were induced by neutron radiations from a cyclotron, the question whether or not the grouping is the characteristics of the neutron irradiation was not decided. The object of this experiment was to see whether X-rays also give rise to simultaneous occurrence of gene mutations in one male as well as in one chromosome. Unfortunately, an accident during the experiment prevented us from obtaining result from our study on (1), grouping in one male, so that only the case (2), grouping in one chromosome, can be dealt with here.
As to the procedure of the experiment, the ordinary “ClB” method for sex-linked lethals was used and the F₂ maleless culture, which is regarded as the result of the presence of a lethal or lethals located in the treated X-chromosome, was carried to the next F₃ generation. By inspecting the sex-ratio in the F₃ offspring, it is possible to determine approximately whether the lethal mutation is either one in one chromosome or many in one chromosome, although by this method the detection is possible only when two or more lethals are situated so far apart from one another that a fairly large number of crossing over can take place between them.
In this way, out of 17 F₂ maleless cultures induced by X-rays (rejecting the remaining 10 cultures with unreliable data) there was no case with two or more lethals per chromosome, whereas in our previous work in which neutrous were used, out of 18 F₂ maleless culture tested there were 8 samples with two or more gene mutations in thee same X-chromosome.
Added in the proof. According to our second experiment recently repeated with X-rays 3000r in intensity, we found that “grouping in one male” could be also raised with X-rays. On the other hand however, “grouping in one chromosome” was also observed with extremely high rate (ca. 85 per cent). In view of the results described in this paper, it is difficult to understand such results and we are now going to repeat the experiment once again.

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