All issues
Successor
Volume 40 (1965)
- Issue 5-6 Pages 343-
- Issue 4 Pages 261-
- Issue 3 Pages 159-
- Issue 2 Pages 87-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 40, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
MASUHISA TSUKAMOTO1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 159-171
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the practical viewpoint attempts were made to establish methods for estimating the recombination values in three-point backcross data when the penetrance of a character was incomplete, and the viability of each gene employed or analyzed was not equal to that of the wild allele. Specifically, application of such methods was made to determine the locus for an insecticide-resistance gene on a given chromosome. The formulae proposed were practically independent of influences due to differential viability of genes and incomplete penetrance of the character to be analyzed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1045K) -
ZEN-ICHI OGITA, TSUTOMU KASAI1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 173-184
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to classify the multiple molecular forms of esterases in house flies which can be revealed by unspecific substrates such as α- or β-naphthylacetate in thin-layer electrophoresis, substrate specificity and susceptibility to selective inhibitors have been studied. Specific esterases were revealed by using a pH-indicator method which can be applied to any substrate. The esterases hydrolysing acetylcholine, methyl-n-butyrate, ethyl-n-butyrate, tributyrin, phenylacetate and phenyl-n-butyrate were compared with esterases splitting β-naphthylacetate, and effects of eserine and TOCP (tri-o-cresyl phosphate) on their zymograms were studied. It is suggested that four types of esterases may be distinguished in house fly homogenates.
Genetic analysis on a factor responsible for formation of the butylester-splitting enzyme which has a lower activity in diazinon resistant house flies showed that it is controlled by a recessive gene on the 5th chromosome, on which diazinon-resistance gene and the genes controlling the majority of esterase bands are already known to be located.View full abstractDownload PDF (1109K) -
ZEN-ICHI OGITA, TSUTOMU KASAI1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 185-197
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcid phosphomonoesterases of the house fly have been separated by the thin-layer electrophoretic technique of Ogita. A study of migratory behavior in the various stages of the life cycle showed that a positively migrating faster band is characteristic of larvae, while two different electrophoretic band groups were observed in adults, one a fast-moving band group (F) which migrated toward the anodal side, and the other a slow-moving group (S) which migrated toward the cathodal side each consisting of five electrophoretically different molecular species. The tissue specificity or the zymogram patterns of various stages in pupae and adults showed that these five molecular species revealed or eliminated simultaneously, and neither singly nor in any combinations. The inheritance of these electrophoretic variants is controlled by a pair of codominant alleles of Phos-locus which is 26.1± map units apart from car-locus of the 5th chromosome on which the genes responsible for esterases and diazinon resistance gene are located. The electrophoretic variants of acid phosphomonoesterase have been found to show no relation to insecticide-resistance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1030K) -
R.S. Rana1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 199-201
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn intervarietal hybrid of Chrysanthemum carinatum showed pollen mother cells having two different chromosome numbers in the same anther. Meiotic behaviour was regular in deficient as well as normal cells. The origin and implications of somatic reduction in chromosome number have been considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (223K) -
YASUE FUKUSHI, TOKUICHIRO SEKI1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 203-208
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn amino acid analysis of the acid hydrolyzates of the pupal sheaths of Bombyx, Drosophila and Musca was performed with a Hitachi KLA-2 type amino acid analyzer. β-alanine was demonstrated in the pupal sheath of wild strains (pupal color being brown) of these insects, but not in the pupal sheaths of some black pupa strains. However, in the bp black pupa mutant of a silkworm, β-alanine was detected in the pupal sheath. This mutant bp is quite different from the “sooty” black pupa mutant in which no β-alanine is contained in the pupal sheath. In the pupal sheath of a hybrid (bp/+) of Musca domestica, whose pupal color was indistinguishable from that of a wild one, β-alanine was detected as much as in that of a wild type (+/+). In the pupal sheath of a hybrid (so/+) of Bombyx mori, β-alanine was also detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (460K) -
TARO FUJII1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 209-218
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeterozygotic einkorn wheat seeds were subjected to γ-rays and 14MeV neutrons and the effect of neutrons on the frequency of somatic mutation and fertility in X1 were examined. Up to 900rad of neutrons had no apparent effect on germination rate. Survival rates were slowly decreasing with increasing dosage. A similar tendency was also observed in the average number of tillers, but it was not marked.
Somatic mutation rate was calculated on spike basis. An almost linear relation of the mutation curve was observed between mutation frequency and neutron dosage.
Very high mutation rate or high RBE values in 14MeV neutrons was obtained in this experiment like in the previous experiment, for instance somatic mutation rate in the γ-ray 8600rad lot was 0.18 and that of neutron 324rad lot was 0.39. RBE value of neutron was very high in higher plants in general.
Decrease of fertility was marked with increasing dosage. When the fertility was compared between mutated and non-mutated tillers (including the main stalk) within each individual, average fertility in the former was lower than in the latter. These facts support the view that most of somatic mutation arises from chromosome aberrations.
Average number of mutated tillers per individual roughly increased with increasing dosage, as the result of repeated occurrence of the same kind of mutation within the same individual.View full abstractDownload PDF (885K) -
TAKUMA GAMO1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 219-226
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, the author described manifestation and genetical behavior of an extra-crescent gene discovered from a commercial race of silkworm, and discussed about its genetical relationship with E pseudo-alleles on the 6th chromosome.
1. Homozygotes for this character have a pair of extra-crescent markings on the 6th segment, no star-spots on the 8th segment, and no abdominal legs at the 6th segment (Fig. 1). In heterozygotes, manifestation of the extra markings on the 6th segment is incomplete and variable as shown in Fig. 2. The penetrance and manifestation of EDl gene are affected by some genetical constitution of strains.
2. This mutant reveals no abnormalities of sexual organs and has no lethal effects on the embryo.
3. No abdominal legs on the 6th segment is complete recessive to normal and the extra-crescent markings on the same segment are incompletely dominant. Both the characters, however, are controlled by a single gene.
4. This gene is located in the E pseudo-allelic region on the 6th chromosome, and symbolized as EDl: extra-crescent and degenerated abdominal legs.
5. The recombination value obtained between EDl and EH genes was 0.32±0.09%.
6. EDl +/+ EN individuals have no abdominal legs on the 6th segment. This fact seems to show that the locus of EDl falls partly on the site of EN. And taking the results of ltikawa (1952 b, 1957), Tsujita (1955) and Tsujita et al. (1959 b) into consideration, it is assumed that the arrangement of genes at the E region is as follows: EH EN EDl ECa EKp ENc ECd.View full abstractDownload PDF (812K) -
YO TAKENAKA, YOSHIAKI YONEDA1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 227-232
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmong many specific hybrids in Nicotiana, we observed 11 tumorous ones; F1 N. glauca×N. langsdorffii, F1 N. glauca×N. longiflora, F1 N. glauca×N. plumbaginifolia, F1 N. paniculata×N. langsdorffii, F1 N. rustica×N. cavanillesii, F1 N. suaveolens×N. langsdorffii, F1 N. suaveolens×N. plumbaginifolia, F1 N. suaveolens×N. longiflora, F1 N. gossei×N. alata, F1 N. gossei×N. longiflora and F1 4x N. tabacum×N. alata. Among them, 3 hybrids were newly found by us, namely, F1 N. gossei×N. alata, F1 N. gossei×N. longiflora and F1 N. suaveolens×N. plumbaginifolia.
The tumor shapes ranged from teratoma-type to massive-type. In F1 N. glauca×N. langsdorffii, the spontaneous stem tumors to grow at the end of flowering. The locations of the spontaneous tumors were, a) cicatriculae of flowers and leaves, b) lateral buds of dropped flowers and leaves, c) apexes of lateral shoots, d) internodes and e) various parts of roots.
Injury of leaf veins and stems of F1 N. glauca×N. langsdorffii is assumed to stimulate tumors formation. Pricking experiments showed that tumors were more frequently induced in the upper part of the stem than in the lower one.View full abstractDownload PDF (831K) -
AKASI KANEKO, TOSHIO SHIMA1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 233-239
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe color pattern was observed on abdominal tergites of Drosophila nigromaculata obtained from thirteen localities in Hokkaido as shown in Table 1. Six different spot-patterns were distinguished in 9391 specimens and referred to as SA-, SB-, SC-, SD-, SE- and SF-types (Fig. 1). It was found that the frequency of each type varied according to different localities and seasons, and that, in natural populations, SD- and SA-types appear in the highest frequency, followed by SE- and SC-types, and SB- and SF-types were rare in occurrence.
Monthly fluctuation of each type was observed in samples from the University Botanical Garden in 1961 and 1962. It suggests that D. nigromaculata exhibits a balanced polymorphism in the spot-patterns.
Some preliminary cross-experiments were carried out on the spot-patterns of SA-, SD-, SE- and SF-types. Two strains, SA and SD were established through seven or eight generations. Crosstests were carried out between them. The SE-type was dominant over the SA-type, in both F1 females and males. At the present situation an interpretation is not impossible that these spot-patterns are controlled by a single pair of alleles, and that their expression is affected by the environmental factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (625K) -
KAZUHIKO R. UTSUMI1965 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 241-249
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies on carcinogenesis by various viruses and chromosome studies made on such virus-induced tumors and transformed cells by viruses hitherto reported were reviewed.
Significance of relationships among chromosome aberrations found in virus-induced tumor cells, in transformed cells and tissue cultured cells showing cytopathic effect by viruses was discussed on the basis of results obtained by the present author from studies of human adeno-viruses on Syrian hamster cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|