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Volume 30, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Shigemi KAWASE1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the mechanism on the melanin formation of the larval marking in the silkworm, the comparative studies on the tyrosinase activities in the cuticle and epidermis separated from the integuments of plain (p) and Striped (ps) have been done. The tyrosinase activity in the cuticle in both strains was higher than that of epidermis at all stages other than the moulting period, and Striped showed higher tyrosinase activity than plain in the cuticle, but the difference of tyrosinase activity in the epidermis between Striped and plain was not so obvious as in the cuticle. On the contrary, during the moulting period, the increase of the tyrosinase activity in the epidermis of Striped was higher than that of plain.
To find out the cause of such difference of tyrosinase activity between Striped and plain, the effect of M.I.A. counteracting the sulfhydryl group on the tyrosinase activity in the integuments of the silkworm larvae has been tested by expressing the degree of the visible change in color and the oxygen uptake by Warburg's manometer. From the result by the former method it seems that the addition of M.I.A. to the extract accerelate the darkening of the extract of the integument of plain as well as in the Striped, and yet the degree of accerelation in the former is higher than that in the latter. However, the effect of M.I.A. is not recognized in the investigation using Warburg's manometric method.View full abstractDownload PDF (738K) -
Yasushi TAKENOUCHI1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 7-9
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chromosomes of three species of the Bruchidae (Coleoptera) were investigated in male germ cells with particular regard to the morphology of chromosomes. The results are summarized as below, in comparison with those reported for three other species by the previous authors:View full abstractDownload PDF (314K) -
Shunsaku NOGUSA1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 10-11
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (171K) -
Zenkichi SATO1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeedlings of Raphanus and Pharbitis treated with aurantia showed generally enlarged and thickend characters and when they grew up, about 61% of them were gigantic in size of stomata and pollen grains. Surely, 4 plants of Rhaphanus were determined to have doubled chromosomes not only in somatic cells, but also in P.M.C. (Fig. 1).
In addition to this experiment, the effect of aurantia on the growing root of Allium was investigated. And it was ascertained that the swelling of root tips and abnormal mitotic division were observed, same as in the case treated with colchicine (Fig. 2-3).View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
Ryuso TANAKA1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn der vorliegenden Mitteilung sind die Ergebnisse der Kreuzung zwischen Chrysanthemum indicum var. hexaploid (2n=54) und Ch. lavandulaefolium (2=18) berichtet, bei der die polyhaploiden Nachkommen und die Bastarde mit vermehrter Chromosomenzahl auftraten.
1). Zwei polyhaploide Pflanzen von Ch. indicum var. hexaploid entstanden in der Kreuzung, wo Ch. indicum var. hexaploid als Mutterpflanze bedient wurde. In der Meiose der polyhaploiden Pflanzen treten Uni-, Bi- und Trivalenten auf. Die Trivalenten treten am häufigsten hervor. Diese Tatsacho zeigt, dass die polyhaploide Pflanze drei fast homologen Genome hat. Sehr selten tritt auch eine Hexavalente auf.
2). Bei der Kreuzung, wo Ch. lavandulaefolium als Mutterpflanze bediente, gingen 30 F1-Pflanzen hervor. Alle diese Individuen haben nicht die erwartete 2n=36 Chromosomen, sondern die vermehrte Chromosomenzahl 2n=45. Die vermehrten Chromosomen müssten die Chromosomen von Ch. lavandulaefolium sein. In der Meiose dieser Bastarde treten Uni-, Bi-, Tri Tetra- und Pentavalenten auf. Die Konjugationsweisen von Chromosomen zeigen uns, dass die Chromosomen von. Ch. indicum var. hexaploid mit die Chromosomen von Ch. lavandulaefolium beinahe homolog sein müssen.
3). Auf der Grund der Untersuchungen von Shimotomai und Takemoto (1936, 1937, 1939) und meiner Untersuchungen kann man die Genome von drei Pflanzen folgendermassen ausdrücken: Ch. lavandulaefolium AA, Ch. indicum AAA'A' und Ch. indicum var. hexaploid AAAA'A'.View full abstractDownload PDF (1270K) -
Yoshio WATANABE, Koichiro MUKADE1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 24-33
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a part of the basic investigations on the breeding of leaf-rust resistant varieties of wheats by artificial hybridization interspecific or intergeneric, the crossabilities between 5 species in Dinkel group and Triticum Timopheevi and the behaviour of chromosomes in F1 hybrids between them were studied. Five species in Dinkel group used as female parents were as follows:
1) Triticum vulgare erythrospermum. 2) Triticum compactum, 3) Triticum Spelta Duhamelianum. 4) Triticum sphaerococcum ubiginosum, 5) Triticum Macha.
Judging their crossabilities with T. Timopheevi from the percentage of hybrids matured to the number of florets pollinated, T. Spelta is considerably fertile, T. compactum is next, the rests being in order of T. sphaerococcum, T. Macha and T. vulgare.
At MI in meiosis of PMC's of these F1 plants, far more univalents were observed in every cross combination than in the usual wheat pentaploid hybrids with Emmer species, and correspondingly the number of bivalents to be met with decreased conspicuously, and yet more than half of the bivalents formed was open bivalents with loose pairing at one end.
The multivalent chromosomes were often observed, sometimes up to quinquivalent indifferent combinations, above all, trivalents being frequently met with.
Herewith, it is especially to be emphasized that the basic chromosome configuration, 14II+7I has never been observed through whole combinations.
Laggards and bridges were frequently observed in anaphase of both 1st and 2nd divisions. Dyads or polyads were not observed, but pollen tetrads normal in shape with many micronuclei were formed considerable frequently. The shape of spikes in F1s resembled more closely to vulgare type in every combination, and the anthers did not dehise in general, although rarely some spikes produced grains a little in free conditions.
The pollen fertility was very lower, resulted in the complete sterility by selfing except the F1s of T. Spelta×T. Timopheevi, which showed about 1 percent fertility. But from all these F1 plants, the backcrossed seeds were obtained with their parents respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1257K) -
Senzi TAKIZAWA1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 34-43
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt meiosis in PMCs of the triploid Fritillaria camschatcensis (2n=36), almost all of the three homologues, each in a basic chromosome complement of 12, are formed trivalent associations. Their frequency distribution at first metaphase was found to be from 5III to 12III with the mean number of 10. 28III per cell in a total of 75 complete cells. Among the three distinguishable components of a chromosome complement, which consisting of two M, five S1 and also five S2 types, the frequency of trivalent formation was not recognized to be different statistically.
Based on the situation of kinetochor association, metaphase configurations of trivalent chromosomes are distinguishable as comprising the following three types; viz. IIIK, IIIK' and IIIk types (cf. Matsuura, 1949: to this classification). These types were found to occur in the following frequencies; IIIK in 26.6 per cent, IIIK' in 65.9 per cent and IIIk in 7.5 per cent in a total of 440 trivalents.
Univalent chromosomes found at first metaphase have the mean number of 1.72 per cell, while the mean of univalents lagged in the equatorial plate at first anaphase is 0.61 per cell in a total of 684 cells. It can be statistically confirmed that the frequency of lagging univalents is significantly different between the M chromosome and the S (S1 and S2) chromosome, the M univalents being more frequent than the S ones. Trivalent chromosomes are almost disjoined 1 to 2 at first anaphase. Where the disjunction of 1 to 1 occurs, the remaining 1 chromosome (univalent) an equatorial plate has been observed to be more frequent in the M type than in the S type.
The lagging univalents found at first anaphase are divided at first telophase and each of them formed the micronuclei, their mean number being 1.90 per cell in a total of 119 cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (1190K) -
Shozo FUJITO1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 44-45
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (288K) -
Hideo KIKKAWA1955 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 46-47
Published: 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 21, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (248K)
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