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Volume 28 (1953)
- Issue 5-6 Pages 195-
- Issue 4 Pages 129-
- Issue 3 Pages 87-
- Issue 2 Pages 43-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 28, Issue 5-6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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III. THE SPIRAL STRUCTURE OF THE SALIVARY CHROMOSOME IN CHIRONOMUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DEVELOPMENTAKIRA YUASA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 195-204
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. In the nucleus of the salivary gland cell of the Chironomus larva which has just hatched from the egg, four thick and short chromonemata are visible. In telophase of the preceeding mitosis of the salivary gland cell eight chromonemata are thought to conjugate into four pairs and become four chromonemata.
2. The four chromonemata become gradually longer and larger, getting the matrixes around then. They are thought to be very unbalanced state and are easily broken, because the elongation and enlargement of the chromonemata and the matrix do not go parallel.
3. In every one of these four chromosomes two conjugated chromonemata becomes gradually to be separated and are seen to run parallel in some cases, to twist each other or to fit inside each other in other cases. Sometimes the chromonemata are seen to be composed of tertiary chromonemata (Sinoto and Yuasa 1925).
4. Then the chromonemata are broken into the banded structure. The chromonemata are often seen clearly when stained the salivary chromosome with aceto-carmine solution after the treatment with the aqueous solution solution of KCl, KNO3 KOH, NH4OH or NH4Cl and softening or destroying the matrix (Yuasa and Sinoto 1950).View full abstractDownload PDF (1515K) -
I. SPONTANEOUS AND INDUCED VARIATIONS OF CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN THE POLLEN GRAINS OF TETRAPLOID ALLIUM ODORUM LATUSI YAMAURA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 205-210
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. In the tetraploid Allium odorum (n=2x=16), the variations of chromosome number were observed in meiosis in spontaneous as well as artificial conditions. The chromosome number series of n=9, 11 to 19, 31, and 32 were counted in the first pollen mitosis.
2. The chromosome numbers in pollen mitosis are distributed almost equally on both sides of n=16 in the spontaneous variation, but in the artificially intensified condition, both at both the lower and higher temperature, the frequency in each chromosome number decreases on the side of n_??_16, consequently the percentages on the other side of lower complements increase (Fig. 3).
3. The observed frequency in each group of the chromosome numbers 16-16, 17-15, 18-14, 19-13, 20-12, agrees well with that calculated by method of POISSON distribution.
4. A pair of satellited chromosomes was found at the normal metaphase plate in the pollen mitosis of this phylogenetically autotetraploid plant. They are distributed equally as other complements in pollen grains.View full abstractDownload PDF (323K) -
PRELIMINARY REPORTJ. V. NEEL, N. E. MORTON, W. J. SCHULL, D. J. McDONALD, M. KODANI, K. ...1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 211-218
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (506K) -
IX. KARYOTYPE ALTERATION IN AEGILOPS AND TRITICUM, AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KARYOTYPE AND GENOMET. OINUMA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 219-226
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Karyomorphological studies on the Aegilops and Triticum were carried out in this paper.
2) Karyotypes of these species were analysed as follows comparing with the genomes as AA, BB, and DD;
3) Relationship between karyotype and genome of Triticum was discussed. The karyotype of the DD genome was established as coinciding completely with that of Aegilops squassosa which has been conceived as a diploid species having the DD genome.
4) Among these genomes, one these genome has a constant karyotype even in different species. On the contrary, any different karyotype was not observed in one genome of Triticum though it was found in Secale and Hordeum as the present author reported previously. This relationship was called by the present author as “Parallelism of genome and karyotype”
5) Karyomorphology of the hybrids from the intergeneric hybridization among Aegilops, Secale, and Triticum is easy to analyse with the results obtained in this paper and those of obtained previously by the present author.View full abstractDownload PDF (451K) -
I. METHOD OF COLCHICINE TREATMENT IN RICEH. OKA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 227-232
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt seemed difficult to obtain tetraploid plants of rice by the soaking of seed into colchicine water solution. The following method was found to be good: to germinated seed on moistened sand in a dark incubator, and after the elongation of first internode out of the hull, to apply lanoline paste containing 3% of colchicine on the first note, or a drop of 0.1% water solution on a small piece of absorbent cotton winded round the first node (4 times a day for 3 days). Thus, seedlings thickened by the effect of colchicine were selected after a week, and were cultured in pots with sterilized soil.
A half or more of them died during the seedling stage; the percentage of death was found to be different with the variety. Varieties of “Continental” group seemed somewhat higher in the percentage of death than “Insular” varieties.
After the heading, panicles (or chimaeral parts of a panicle) showing some characteristics of tetraploid are found in some 10% to 25% of the thickened plants. And the plants raised from the seemingly tetraploid seeds were found to be tetraploids in 40% to 50% of cases. The lower the fertility of seemingly tetraploid panicles, the higher the frequency to gain tetraploid plants in the second generation.
By the above mentioned method, 120 varieties of various districts of Eastern Asia were treated, and tetraploid strains were obtained from 74 varieties.View full abstractDownload PDF (378K) -
S. TAKASHIMA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 233-237
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author experimented on following articles.
1) Cross % in interspecies would be varieble on account of an ability of pollen pistil caused by the temperature and other conditions.
2) According to the reports published up to present, set % is lower comparatively and has some difference respectively, therefore, he compared difficulty and simplicity of interspecific crossing. As the result of field experiment which was done to find the reason was not successful, he investigated by the growth ratio of pollen tubes into ovary, in the laboratory under the most suitable temperature which is considered to be the chief condition for the growth of pollen tubes and the function of pistil.
3) moschata×Pepo 26.2% The growth % of pollen tubes is higher, in variety of species moschata, when _??_ crosses with Aizu line as _??_ than it does with Higata line as _??_.
4) Pepo×moschata 20.5% The growth % is higher, in variety of Pepo species, when _??_ crosses with Running plant line as _??_ than it does with Bush plant line an _??_.
5) Pepo×maxima 29.4%
The growth % in variety of Pepo species is the same as (4).
6) maxima×Pepo 37.50% The growth % is higher, in variety of maxima species, when _??_ crosses with Delicious line as _??_ thant does with Hubbard line as _??_.
7) maxima×moschata 40.5% The growth % in variety of maxima species is the same as (6).
8) moschata×maxima 77.4% The growth % is higher, in variety of moschata species, when _??_ crosses with Higata line as _??_ than it does Aizu line as _??_.
9) The affinity of hybridity between different species brings a great difference on account of species. Even in the same species, it shows a different affinity on account of the line of different variety.View full abstractDownload PDF (341K) -
KOSUKE YAMASHITA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 238-247
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSegmantal analyses of all the 16 types of X-ray induced reciprocal translocations in T. aegilopoides (aT1-aT7) and T. monococcum (mT1-mT9)have been completed as given in Tab. IV, in which the frequency of reciprocol translocations of each of the seven chromosomes are also summed up.
In the hybrid, mT1×aT4=f-eg/fe-g, two types of gametes, (f-e) and (e-g), are expected to be functional. In fact, when the stigmas of the hybrid were pollinated with normal pollen grains, the frequency of the fertilized female gametes, (f-e) and (e-g), amounted to 56.52% and 43.48%, respectively. However, when the stigmas of the normal plants were pollinated with the pollen grains of the hybrid, that of the functional male gametes, (f-e) and (e-g), amounted to 89.01%/ and 10.99%, respectively. These results indicate the competition between (f-e) and (e-g) pollen grains in the rapidity of growth.
RT-method was applied for linkage studies of the X-ray induced mutations as well as spontaneous characters, and 7 linkage groups have been established (Tab. VIII). 4 cases of the recurrence of identical mutations were recorded as given in Tab. V.
In an attempt to combine the chromosomes into larger rings, successive crosses among the established RT-types have been made. Consequently all possible combinations of rings and pairs from the 14 Einkorn chromosomes have been realized, giving a series of structural hybrids comparable with the well known situation in Oenothera. Fertilities of thus synthesized individuals having those chromosome constitutions are discussed in regard to the meiotic behavior of ring complexes.
Permanent structural hybrids are expected to be synthesized from the cross-combinations involving lethals, one associating with d- and another with f-chromosome, as given in Tab. IX.View full abstractDownload PDF (1242K) -
AKIRA YUASA1953 Volume 28 Issue 5-6 Pages 248-255
Published: 1953
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (550K)
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