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Volume 63 (1988)
- Issue 6 Pages 501-
- Issue 5 Pages 413-
- Issue 4 Pages 283-
- Issue 3 Pages 217-
- Issue 2 Pages 113-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 63, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Ryuso TANAKA, Kenji TANIGUCHI, Ikuko FUJISHIGE1988 Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 113-125
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSArtificial clonal tetraploids were induced with colecmid using tissue cultured shoot primordia in an annual plant, Haplopappus gracilis (2n=4). The method for the successful induction of tetraploid in tissue cultured shoot primordia was treatment with 0.5mg/ml of colcemid in liquid medium for 3 days. During the treatment the frequency of the tetraploid cells in shoot primordia increased gradually. On 30 days after the treatment, the majority (about 85%) of the metaphase cells in each shoot primordium were tetraploid. The shoot primordia on 30 days after the treatment were regenerated into plants, of which the almost all were tetraploid. Tetraploid plants obtained by this method seem to be one clone. It is concluded that direct induction of clonal tetraploids is possible by using the shoot primordia.View full abstractDownload PDF (710K) -
Michie KANDAI, Shoshi KIKUCHI, Fumio TAKAIWA, Kiyoharu OONO1988 Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 127-136
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhole plants were obtained efficiently from protoplasts of calluses which were induced from diploid seed (2n=24) and then sub-cultured on MS solid medium for 7-10 months. Agronomic characters and chromosome number were studied in the regenerated plants. Wide variation of agronomic characters such as plant height and heading date was found among the regenerated plants cultivated in the field. In 7 plants in which the chromosome number was determined, 4 tetraploids (2n=48), 2 aneuploids (2n=46) and 1 diploid were observed. The chromosome number was different between plants regenerated from a single protoplast clone, i.e. one was tetraploid (2n=48) and the other was aneuploid (2n=46).View full abstractDownload PDF (639K) -
Nobuhiko ASADA, Osamu KITAGAWA1988 Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 137-148
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe insemination reaction is a well known phenomenon in the Drosophila species after Patterson (1946), and plays a role on the post-mating isolating mechanisms. Fecundity was significantly reduced when the insemination reaction was occurred in interspecific crosses between D. nasuta and D. pallidifrons accompanied a formation of large reaction mass in the uterus, although the insemination reaction did not affect the oviposition in intraspecific crosses. The reaction mass was formed in uterus within 10min after copulation. In crosses with XO sterile males, the formation of reaction mass was observed as frequently as XY males.
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography were used to clarify the chemical components of reaction masses. Reaction masses were composed of various kinds of proteins produced by the interaction of secretions from reproductive organs of both sexes.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
Masaharu EGUCHI, Yoichi TAKAHAMA, Motoko IKEDA, Shoji HORII1988 Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 149-157
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour electrophoretic variants of acid phosphatase have been already reported in the silkworm hemolymph. We found an electrophoretic variant (type E) which had been designated O (null) type since the distinct band had not been detected. The band E was undiscernible when the substrate (α-Naphthyl phosphate) and chromogen (Fast blue B) were poured simultaneously on the gel after electrophoresis according to the former procedure. However, if the gel was incubated with α-NP then Fast blue B was added, a distinct band E appeared. Quantitative analyses showed that Fast blue B inhibited the isozyme E competitively but other isozymes noncompetitively. Several lines of experimental evidence suggest the isozyme E is not only a charge isomer but also an isozyme showing different kinetic properties with other isozymes. By crossing experiments isozymes A-E were considered to be controlled by codominant alleles, BphA-BphE, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (439K) -
Hirotami T. IMAI, Robert W. TAYLOR, Michael W.J. CROSLAND, Ross H. CRO ...1988 Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 159-185
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: July 25, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAspects of chromosomal mutation and karyotype evolution in ants are discussed with reference to recently accumulated karyological data, and to detailed karyotype analyses of several species or species complexes with low chromosome number and unusual chromosomal mutations (the complexes of Myrmecia pilosula (Smith) (n=1, 5 or 9 to 16); M. piliventris Smith (n=2, 3-4, 17 or 32), and Ponera scabra Wheeler (n=3 or 4, 2n=7 or 8)). Translocations and Robertsonian polymorphisms are confirmed to be non-randomly distributed among ants -the former are found at high frequencies in species with low chromosome numbers (n≤12), while the latter predominate in those with high numbers (n>12). This situation is consistent with the minimum interaction hypothesis of Imai et al. (1986), under which translocations are expected to occur most frequently in low-numbered karyotypes, and that the resulting genetic risks are minimized by increases in chromosome and/or arm numbers through centric fission and pericentric inversion. Centric fusion is considered to be a transient event in karyotype evolution, resulting from telomere instability in acrocentric chromosomes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2307K)
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