The author has attempted to investigate the relations between various strains of“.osogara No. 2” with respect to growth habit.
The experimental results may be summarized as follows.
1. The percentage of plants with long auricles was a heritable character in each strain. Most of the plants of A-, C-and D-strains and a few plants of A-S-, E-, F- and G-strains had long auricles on the first leaf (Table 1).
2. As has been seen from Table 2, most of the plants of the X-group and none of those of the Z-group had hairs on the leaf sheath. In the D-strain hair development was strongly affected by environmental conditions. Short basale bristle (rachilla hair) gene (s) occurred mainly in the X-group, though in low frequency (Table 3).
3. It was found that the Z-group was homogeneous with respect to spring habit, which might be in this group of the character of the so-called “Wechseltyp”. A-S-strain of the X-group was of pure spring habit, though a few lines were recognized as belonging to Z type. A great deal of plants of the X-group were of fairly high degree winter habit, and those of the D-strain were of moderate winter habit.
4. A-strain contained the most abundant variability in all characters, especially in the date of heading. Its genetic constitution was estimated (Table 5). How such a variability could have been maintained is discussed.
5. In the A-strain, the correlation coefficient between date of heading and ear length, density of spike, and grain size were in 1953+0.5323**, +0.5173** and -0.3838**, respectively. This result suggests that variability in the date of heading must have been in this strain associated with the variations in the other characters examined.
6. It was found that the percentage of spring habit type in A-strain has been maintained around a certain mode during about 15 years.

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1. The karyotypes of the Allium-plants used in this study are as follows:
Allium Bouddhae Deb. form. giganteum (Makino) Araki K(2n)=16=14V+2J^T
A. Togashii Hara K(2n)=16=10V+4J₁+2J₂^t
A. Schoenoprasum L. var. foliosum Regel K(2n)=16=14V+2J^t
A. monanthum Maxim. K(2n)=32=22V+5J₁+2J₂+3J₂^t
A. Porrum L. K(2n)=32=24V₁+V₂+3V₂^cs+J+3J^cs
A. pseudo-japonicum Makino K(2n)=32=30V+2J^t
2. The chromosomes of the two varieties of A. Schoenoprasum (Kurita 1952, in this paper) seem to be fairly smaller than those of the other diploid form belonging to the race with the basic chromosome number 8. Thus, it seems possible to classify the race into two groups from the chromosome size.
3. There is no difference between the karyotype of A. pseudo-japonicum and that of A. Thunbergii.

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Relations between the behaviour or the function of the oppositional genes and the fertility in the artificial autotetraploids of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) were studied. In a diploid variety “Kanazawa-Hakusai”. four homozygous strains, S₁S₁, S₂S₂, S₃S₃ and S₄S₄, were analysed by the crossing experiments, and their correspondent autotetraploids were induced. The results of the selfing and the primary and the secondary crosses were as follows:
1. The plants with S₁S₁S₁S₁, S₂S₂S₂S₂, S₃S₃S₃S₃ and S₄S₄S₄S₄ showed a self-and cross-incompatibility in the intra-group crossings among individuals with the same genotype (Table 1).
2. All the possible cross combinations with S_aS_aS_aS_a×S_bS_bS_bS_b types showed compatibility (Table 2).
3. Among six plants with S_aS_aS_bS_b type four with S₁S₁S₂S₂, S₁S₁S₃S₃, S₁S₁S₄S₄ and S₃S₃S₄S₄, showed a self- and cross-incompatibility in the intra-group crossings among the individuals with the same genotype, while the remaining two with S₂S₂S₃S₃ and S₂S₂S₄S₄ were self incompatible (Table 3).
4. In nine cross combinations with S_aS_aS_bS_b×S_aS_aS_aS_a type cross incompatibility were recognized, while six with S_aS_aS_aS_a×S_aS_aS_bS_b type showed cross-compatibility (Table 4).
5. Nine combinations with S_aS_aS_bS_b×S_cS_cS_cS_c type were always cross-compatible (Table 5).
6. Fifteen combinations with S_aS_aS_bS_b×S_aS_aS_cS_c type (Table 6) and five with S_aS_aS_bS_b×S_cS_cS_dS_d type (Table 7) were olso compatible.

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E, coli strain K-12, mutants, 58-161, Y-70, Y-40, W-1177 fail to grow in the broth having a higher concentration than M/170-M/200 of cobalt (Co(NO₃)₂, CoCl₂) and nickel (NiSO₄, Ni(NO₃)₂). However, they fail to grow in the broth containing the mixture of M/200_??_M/400 of cobalt and M/200_??_M/400 of nickel. In other words, the mixture of cobalt and nickel seems to have an additional power of inhibition.
The cobalt and the nickel resistant strains were selected from sensitve cells. Their behaviors were as follows. They showed a noticeable cross resistance and parallel increase in resistance with each other, and they formed sepia colonies on a highly concentrated cobalt agar medium.
This leads to the conclusion that the growth inhibition of cobalt and nickel, and the mechanism of their resistance may be identical with each other. Their biochemical behaviors, e. g., indole formation, sugar fermentation, nutritional requirement, gram staining and antibiotic resistance, are similar to those of parent strains.

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1. In the present report, the result of a cytogenetical research on the F₂ plant (TsphRF₂) raised from T. sphaerococcum×S. cereale was described.
2. The external characters of TsphRF₂ plant, length of spike, density of spikelets and number of flowers in a spikelet resembled closely to the F₁, while length of culms and of awns, and number of spikelets per spike resembled closely to T. sphaerococcum than those of the F₁ (Fig. 1, and Table 1).
3. The TsphRF₂ plant has somatic chromosomes the number of which is less than the number of amphidiploid by 15 chromosomes.
4. At the heterotypic metaphase in meiosis of PMC'S of the TsphRF₂, 10_??_17 bivalents or 7_??_21 univalents were observed (Figs. 3-9). The frequency of bivalents and univalents in PMC'S was shown in Table 2.
5. Both male and female gametes of the TsphRF₂ plant were completely sterile.
6. It seems to me that the majority of chromosomes of the F₂ are due to T. sphaerococcum, considering from the external characters of the F₂.

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Fifteen genes E, E^A, E^Ca, E^D, E^Ds, E^El, E^Gd, E^H, E^Kp, E^Mc, E^Ms, E^N, E^Nc, D^Np, E^Ns are located at the end of chromosome VI. It has been shown that they form a multi-allelic series, although some workers have expressed their scepticism of this interpretation. Most of the genes produce extra-legs or extra-semilunar patterns or both on two or three abdominal segments of the larvae.

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N. longiflora (n=10), N. plumbaginifolia (n=10), N. repanda (n=24) and N. suaveolens (n=16) were crossed with N. Sanderae as the pollinator. The crosses N. longiflora×N. Sanderae, N. plumbagi- nifolia×N. Sanderae and N. suaveolens×N. Sanderae gave some seeds.
In external characters, the F₁ longiflora-Sanderae and F₁ plumbaginifolia-Sanderae are intermediate between the respective parents but the flower colors are red, resembling the fathers. F₁ longiflora-Sanderae was examined by Christoff (1928) and Isakovich (unpublished, after Kostoff 1941-43), but F₁ plumbaginifolia-Sanderae has never been reported, so far as I know. The morphology of F₁ suaveolens-Sanderae agrees with that of Kostoff's description of the same hybrid.
At diakinesis in the PMC's of F₁ longiflora-Sanderae, the chromosome conjugation 9II+1I, 1III+8II and 1III+7II+2I were most frequent. At the first metaphase the chromosome conjugation 9II+1I was mostly observed, followed by the conjugations 1III+7II+1I, 1III+8II and 8II+3I, in the cited order. The chromosome conjugations agree with Isakovich's findings in the same hybrid (after Kostoff 1941-43). The meiotic chromosome behaviour of F₁ plumbaginifolia-Sanderae is the same as in F₁ longiflora-Sanderae. According to the observations on the meiosis in the F₁ hybrids longiflora-Sanderae and plumbaginifolia-Sanderae, it is assumed that there are some homologous or semihomologous chromosomes between the Sanderae genome on one hand and the longiflora or plumbaginifolia genome on the other.
At the first metaphase of F₁ suaveolens-Sanderae, 1-7 bivalents, mostly 3-4, were found. Kostoff (1941-43) observed 0-4 bivalents in the same hybrid. The cause of the difference between the author's and Kostoff's observations has not been studied. And also it was undetermined whether the chromosome conjugations in this hybrid were caused by intergenomic or intragenomic affinity.

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