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Volume 36, Issue 5-6
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Tamio TATEBE1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 151-156
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The variegated plants when self-pollinated produced albino, variegated and green plants in the S1 generation. The variegated S1 plants segregated albino, variegated and green plants in the S2 and S3. The green S1 plants produced albino and green plants in the S2 and the latter bred true for the green in the S3.
2) The F1s of the cross, variegated _??_×normal green _??_ consisted of albino, variegated and green plants. The variegated F1 plants segregated albino, variegated, and green plants in the later generations. The green F1 plants produced albino and green plants in the offspring.
3) The F1s of the cross, normal green _??_×variegated _??_ were green, which produced only green plants with a few exceptional variegated plants.
4) These results led to the conclusions that the leaf variegation found in Welsh onion is maternally inherited and that mutability of plastids is responsible for the variegation.View full abstractDownload PDF (778K) -
Mamoru TABATA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 157-167
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Two sib plants of barley both possessing the genotype Wx Wx Ac2 ac2, when crossed with wx wx Ac2 Ac2, gave significantly lower ratios for wx than expected in F2. The average percentages of the recessives in the F2 were 20.5% for wx and 24.1% for ac3.
2. In F3, the ratios for waxy could be classified as belonging to 3 groups, i.e., ‘low’, ‘normal’, and‘high’, the average percentages of wx being 18.1%, 24.8%, and 31.9%, respectively. Wx Wx Ac2 Ac2 lines were established which, when crossed to a normal wx tester, produced low wx ratios in all the F2 progenies.
3. The distorted ratios for wx and the breeding behavior are explained best by assuming a gametophyte factor Ga linked with the Wx locus in the Ac2 ac2 stock.
4. The recombination value between the Wx and Ga loci was estimated to be approximately 33% from the F3 data.
5. The relative functioning of the Ga-pollen versus ga-pollen was estimated as 90.6%:9.4%.
6. The wx and ac2 genes in F2 progenies from Ga ga plants showed 43.8±1.3% recombination, whereas in progenies from ga ga plants they were independent. The order of the 3 loci is either Wx-Ga-Ac2 or Ga-Wx-Ac2.
7. Stocks, that have Wx Wx Ac2 Ac2 Ga Ga, have been established.View full abstractDownload PDF (608K) -
Masuhisa TSUKAMOTO, Yoko BABA, Sota HIRAGA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 168-174
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFifteen visible mutants of the housefly have been isolated from Japanese populations and developed in marker strains suitable for further genetic investigation.
Although 6 linkage groups were to be expected from the known chromosome number, no sex-linked visible mutants were found, all the mutants being assignable to one or other of the 5 autosomal linkage groups.
In one strain the characteristic w+ of the second chromosome behaved as if it was sex-limited, it was suggested that the Y-chromosome was occasionally translocated to the second chromosome.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K) -
Gamma-ray-induced Chlorophyll Mutations and Mutation Frequencies in Wheat and OatsIchizo NISHIYAMA, Sadao ICHIKAWA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 175-183
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeeds of Triticum vulgare, Avena sativa (monosomic plants) and A. strigosa were irradiated with gamma-rays from 60Co-source and induced chlorophyll mutations and mutation frequencies were investigated in their X2, X3 and X4 progenies.
Chlorophyll mutations were found in two species of oats. In A. sativa, four kinds of chlorophyll mutations, yellow, cream-I, -II and stripe, were obtained. In A. strigosa, nine kinds, albino-I, -II, -III, -IV, -V, whitish cream, cream stripe, yellow stripe and stripe, were obtained. But no chlorophyll mutation was found in T. vulgare.
Albino was obtained most frequently and it constituted 46.7% of all the chlorophyll mutants of A. strigosa.
Chlorophyll mutation frequency per r-unit per spike or panicle progeny was 0×10-6 in T. vulgare, 3.9×10-6in A. sativa and 7.0×10-6in A. strigosa.
Mutants were due to a single or to two independent gene mutations. Some mutants showed significantly lower segregation ratios than the expected ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (546K) -
Minoru SAITO1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 184-186
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
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Osmotic Nature of the Mutant b39aHomare KUWANA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 187-199
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA temperature-sensitive irreparable mutant b39a of Neurospora crassa was studied genetically, biochemically and physiologically. The mutant character of b39a is due to the mutation of a single gene which is located on the mating type chromosome. At 23°C in minimal medium the mutant grows as well as does the parent strain, but it cannot grow at 34°C even in complete media. At 26°-28°C b39a grows slowly showing its mutant character.
The growth of b39a at 26°C was markedly inhibited when it was cultivated in the medium containing 10-4M L-histidine, whereas growth of the parent was not inhibited by as much as 2×10-2M L-histidine, except in early stages. The histidine inhibition was reversed competitively by glycine, L-methionine and other amino acids. Intracellular free amino acids were determined, but unbalanced syntheses of these amino acids were not detected. It was shown later that this inhibition was also reversed, again competitively, by higher concentrations of glucose or of a nitrogen source. It seems, therefore, that the sensitivity of b39a to L-histidine is due to intensification of a defect in a general metabolic process, and is not due to an unbalance of amino acid metabolism.
The effect of hypertonic medium on the growth of b39a is suggestive. Growth of the mutant is favored in a medium containing isotonic concentrations of polyethylene glycol, NaCl and other substances. In these media, the outflow of substances positive to phenol reagent was prevented.
These data suggest that the temperature-sensitive irreparable mutant strain b39a has a defect in its cell membrane or in a transport system, of such a nature that substances of importance in cellular metabolism are liable to flow out of the cell.View full abstractDownload PDF (607K) -
Shin TAKEHISA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 200-205
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Cytological effect of EDTA was studied with root tips of Vicia faba immersed in 0.01M and 0.001M solution for 15 minutes, 45-minutes and 2 hours.
2. The tendency of pseudo-pairing of S1- or S2-type chromosomes was recognized at metaphase in both concentrations of EDTA of 15 minute treatment group.
3. Configurations of dispersive destruction of chromosomes and reconstructed half-chromatid interchange are recorded.
4. It was found that EDTA increases the frequency of anaphase aberrations such as sticky bridge, breakage at the nucleolus organizing region and chromosome lagging. However, the treatment of high concentration for 45 minutes and 2 hours could not increase the frequency of aberrations significantly.
5. The results obtained in the present experiment suggest that EDTA causes modification of ionic environment in cells, as well as direct impairment of structural continuity of chromosomes. The direct and indirect effects of EDTA on chromosome structure may not be necessarily alternative.View full abstractDownload PDF (1430K) -
Susumu TAKAYAMA, Yoshio OJIMA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 206-209
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMeasurements of DNA contents were made by meanse of Feulgen-microspectrophotometry in tumor cells derived from three cases of venereal tumors of the dog and in normal dog cells by way of comparison. The results have shown that mean value of the DNA content of tumor cells in each of the three tumors studied is approximately identical, and that it is higher than that of normal hepatic cells of a young dog.View full abstractDownload PDF (220K) -
Toshifumi TAIRA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 210-211
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
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VII. External Characteristics, Fertility and the Number of Somatic Chromosomes of TdurHR F2 PlantsGoichi NAKAJIMA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 212-216
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. In the present report, the germination of F2 seed, the external characteristics, fertility and the number of somatic chromosomes of trigeneric triple F2 hybrid (TdurHR F2) raised from (Triticum durum×Haynaldia villosa F1)×Secale cereale were described.
2. 32 grains of F2 seed were sown in separate pots in October 1958 and 21 grains germinated and 16 of them matured (Table 1).
3. As seen in Table 2, the number of somatic chromosomes of the 16 individuals of TdurHR F2 hybrids was found to vary from 42 to 50.
4. Some individual differences were observed in the external characteristics of the F2 plants, even among the plants having the same number of chromosomes (Table 3). The culm length of most of the F2 plants tended to be shorter than that of the parental plants (F1) except in several individual cases. And there seems to be no correlation between culm length and the number of chromosomes. In general, the spikes were longer than those of the parent (F1). However, the number of spikelets per spike, spike density, length of awns and the number of florets per spikelet in almost all the F2 plants tended to be inferior to those of the parental plants (F1) respectively. And also in these characteristics, as with the culm length, there seems to be no correlation between them and the number of chromosomes. The number of tiller of F2, in 5 of 16 individuals it is found to be superior to that of the parental plant, while in the remaining 11 individuals to be inferior to that of the parent (F1). Generally speaking, the external characteristics of TdurHR F2 plants were somewhat inferior to those of the parental plants (F1).
5. One individual (TdurHR F2-19-1) of 16 F2 plants showed fertility, though it was very low and partial, while almost all the others were completely sterile.View full abstractDownload PDF (655K) -
I. The Chromosome Number of Three Species and One Variety of Cacalia and One Species of MiricacaliaMasanori TAKESHITA1961 Volume 36 Issue 5-6 Pages 217-220
Published: 1961
Released on J-STAGE: November 30, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChromosome numbers were reported in this paper on the following species of Cacalia and Miricacalia from Mt. Kammuri, Hiroshima:
Cacalia delphinifolia Sieb. et Zucc. …… 2n=52.
C. farfaraefolia Sieb. et Zucc.……2n=60.
C. yatabei Matsumura et Koidzumi. ……2n=60.
C. yatabei var. occidentalis Maekawa. ……2n=60.
Miricacalia makineana (Yatabe) Kitamura. ……2n=52.View full abstractDownload PDF (751K)
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