Japanese Journal of Human Geography

The Village and the Community of the Earliest Jomon Age

Kunigoro MITOMO

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 1-16,94
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.1

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Remains of the earliest Jomon age are found in limited areas in southern Kanto, in the suburbs of Yokohama and Mishima. There is no sign of a pit house, but fire places are discovered. The local community of that time would seem to equal in scope to the sites of the remains. A local community very often includes several villages or hamlets, which are located in group on topographical features; cape, head land, spit.
Those remains belong to the Hanazumi type, the Sekiyama type, the Kuro hama and Moroiso a.b.c. type. The largest plant of a pit house is 9×6m., whlie the smallest is 2.5×3m. The Minamibori shell mound was formerly a large village, which had five to ten pit houses with a central open space. Both the Fujioka and Fukuoka shell mounds were small hamlets with two or three pit houses.
The Oyaba shell mound was resided by one large family. Its pit house is 9×6m. in area.
Corroboration of the ancient society is difficult, but ethnological and archaeological facts may enable us to reason by analogy. Prehistoric villages, ancient communities, and the landowning groups differ in scope and structurally seem to be more complicated than is ordinarily supposed by scholars.

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Area of an Administrative Village and its Settlement Formation under Subjection of Feudal Lord in Kishu

Tadashi KONDO

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 16-26,94
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.16

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The area reported in this paper lies on the west coast of Kii Peninsula, Honshu Island, which projects itself into the pacific ocaen. The feudal lord of this area in the early modern age was the Kishu-Tokugawas.
It is generally believed that the administrative village at the time were, as a rule, composed of one settlement. However, it is not correct. The fact was, several settlements were grouped into one village from the administrative point of view.
Generally speaking, villages in the plain area were smaller in area than those in the mountains. This is because the villages in the plains were composed of a few settlements while the villages in the mountain area were composed of considerably many settlements, in addition to the fact that the distribution of settlements in the plains was denser than those in the mountains. Nevertheless, the former were better off than the latter.
Some villages were composed of a plenty of wealthy settlements. They had large areas and were wealthy. The villages which were composed of a few poor settlements are also found. They had smaller areas and were poor. These villages can be said to have had an intermediate character between the plain type and the mountain type. They are found in the intermediate zone between the plains and the mountains.
After the Meiji Restoration there was a change in the village oomposition. In most cases new villages were formed, combining several villages of feudal times. Some of the villages, however, remained unchanged as before. Many of them are the wealthy villages of the above-mentioned intermediate type.

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On the Regional Differences of the Structure of Agricultural Productive Powers

the Case of Okayama Prefecture Before the Agricultural Reformation in Japan

Satoru MINAMI

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 26-38,95
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.26

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Agricultural productive powers vary with districts. The degree of mechanization and the yield per unit area may be used as the measures for indicating difference of productivity. In the case of Okayama prefecture, I got the following results:
I. one part is remarkably different from another in its development. The prefecture may de divided into four regions according to the degree of their development: (I) The southern plain region. (II) The southern edge of Kibi plateau region. (III) The Kibi plateau region. (IV) The Chugoku mountain region.
2. The regional difference in agricaltural productive powers has close relationship to the difference in the process of modernization of village life. The more remains of feudalism, the less agricultural productive powers.
3. The degree in agricultural productive powers can be considered as a scale to measure the degree of agricultural modernization.
4. Low productive powers is useful to keep feudalism and feudal customs.
It is very important to promote social and economic modernization to develop agricultural productive powers.

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Villages and Farming Area on the Western Coast of Lake BIWA

Toshiharu FUJIMOTO

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 38-51,96
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.38

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On the western shore of Lake Biwa we have a long, narrow strip of land stretching approximately from south to north. On the east it is cut off by the lake itself, which has sacrificed whatever economic function it may have to become a tourist resort, and on the west it is separated from Kyoto Basin by the Hira Mountains. Its topography is rather monotonous if we except a delta built by the River Ado and the diluvial uplands called Aiba-no and Taizanji-no; its climate belongs to the so-called Japan Sea type, more distinctively so toward its northern part. An old road called Nishi-omi-ji with bus transportaion and a paralleling railway (the Kojaku Railway) go through this strip of land, and at its southern end the city of Otsu is located; it is indeed monotonous from the human geographical viewpoint. It is a farming area, and this is a study of the structure of agriculture in this area, specifically in terms of side-work farming and classification of its villages.
The Thünen Kreis structure is found in the southern part of this area, although, in view of the weakness of the economic power of Otsu, it is not very remarkable. Agriculture is chiefly centered in the paddy-fields along the River Ado, the horticultural district around Otsu, and the woodlands in the western mountains. Farming villages are classified in Fig. 7.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 52-58
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.52

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 58-62
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.58

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 63-67
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.63

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 68-71
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.68

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 72-76
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.72

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Erratum

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 76
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.1_76

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Studies on the Industrial Location in Great Britain

Tomosaburo Sasada

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 77-91
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.77

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Electricity Committee of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation: The Electricity Supply Industry in Europe, 1957-1975. OEEC, Paris, 1958, 146 pp. price 10/6, $.2.00, 650fr

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 91
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.91

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The Econmic Development of Jordan. 488 pp. By the Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 18MD. 1957. $7.50

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 91a-92
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.91a

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INDIA A Reference Annual 1958. 644 pp. Compiled by Research and Reference Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Government of India. $3

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 92
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.92

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Karl M. Helbig: Die Insel Borneo in Forschung und Schrifttum. 395 pp. Sonderdruck aus den Mitteilungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg, Band 52, 1955

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 92a-93
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.92a

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 93
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.93

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L.S. Berg: Die Geographishen Zonen der Sowjetunion, Band I Leipzig 1958

[in Japanese]

1959 Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 93a
Published: February 28, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4200/jjhg1948.11.93a

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