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Volume 2 (1950)
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Volume 2, Issue 1
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Taro Tsujimura1950 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 1-13
Published: January 30, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1280K) -
Michihiro Kohno1950 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 13-24,91
Published: January 30, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe can see two types of the Official Communication System of China, viz., “Pu” and “I”. The former is the foot-transmission of the official papers by the relay system, while the latter is the one to supply the horses and lodgings to the bearer and to transport the official baggages.
The “I” (Stage) was mainly placed at the seat of Prefectural government, but some were placed on the way in case of long distance existing between the governments. Near Pe-king it was placed in almost everv prefecture, while in South China found only along the main route. Along the Great Wall many Military Stages were established. These are the characteristics of “I” distribution.
The Stage Route is classified into three. Main Route (Kuan-Lu), Seconary Main Route (Ta-Lu), and Local Route. The first and second of them are described as the important route given in the Ta Chin Hui Tien Su Li (in the detailed regulations of the law), but the third is not.
The scale of the stage can easily be guessed by the number of horses employed. They had 200-0 horses, except 600 horses at Pe-king. The Stage also can be classified into three in accordance with the classification mentioned above.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
Toshihisa Matsumoto1950 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 24-38,91
Published: January 30, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Dispersed settlement is seen to be predominant at the Nagaoka Plateau, occupying the right side of the Mononobe River, which flows through northern Kochi plain.
2. Each Farmer's residence is surrounded by the antiwind trees on the north and east side to prevent the seasonal wind of winter and typhoon of summer.
Every residence is separated from each other by 30-300 meters.
3. The same family name is hardly found among the farmers, showing that the area is newly developed place, to which farmers immigrated from other places.
4. The area was pioneered by the people with the aid of Yamanouchi clan at the earlier period of the Edo era.
Pioneer privilege was acquired by the squire who made farmers pioneer. In consequence, the farmers won the permanent tenanting privilege.
5. The type of land-appropriation may be classified into three: Landowner type with agglomerated land around the residence and dispersed tenant lands. Tenant farmers type with dispersed small lands. Middle type, the middle class between the two given above. The first is the oldest historically.
6. The type of dispersed settlement has been maintained by the habitation of branch families.
7. The dispersed settlement, however, has been losing its pure type.View full abstractDownload PDF (1826K) -
Susumu Kimizuka1950 Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 39-49,92
Published: January 30, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe lelics of Lake Imba drainage works the Edo era is found in the north-western part of the Chiba prefecture. The area in which the Lake lies is a part of the Kwanto Plain. The Lake being connected with the river Tone till 1922, all rain-water at the north-western Kwanto Plain flowed into the Lake. Consequently the Tone Basin had to suffer from frequent floods. Especially since its water-way to the Tokyo Bay was converted to Tyoshi, damage was rather seriously. So they took consideration to flow it away into the Tokyo Bay again, which was carried out as much as three times. The first and the second works were done to prevent damage by flood and to develop the new land. At the third works they planned to divide the water way (increase of the river mouth). This wes operated to get rid of the damage by flood, from which Edo had suffered as much as four times, and to give the water-way to the foodsupply route from the Ou District (Foodsupplying base of Edo). In those days the Feudal System of the Tokugawa Shogunate by centralization of power was being destroyed itself, so the drainage works was one of the most important policies for the Tokugawa Military Government.
In short these three works ended in failure, because of political troubles and want of fund. But the process of the works were proceeded more than a half of the whole plan. Now (after 1948) to prevent damage by in water in the Lake, the works are under operation prevailing relics of the drainage works of Edo era.View full abstractDownload PDF (1382K)
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