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Volume 13 (1961)
- Issue 6 Pages 473-
- Issue 5 Pages 365-
- Issue 4 Pages 283-
- Issue 3 Pages 203-
- Issue 2 Pages 97-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 13, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Kazuo ABE1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 283-296,362
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this research and investigation, by using labour force as indication, the author analysed the located factors of sericultural industry in Iwate Prefecture, situated in north-eastern Japan.
1) Research of the region has been classified into three areal groups: (A) Northern dry-field farming area, where extensive agriculture is carried on, and spring cocoon crops are the main production. (B) Southern dry-field farming area, where intensive agriculture is carried on and spring cocoon crops are the main production. (C) Paddy-field farming area of Kitakami Basin, where the ratio of sericulturists is rather low and summer-autumn cocoon crops occupy more than half of the whole year cocoon production.
2) The common characteristic in the each area of sericultural industry, classified into three group types, showed that most of the inhabitants in these areas can still get a decent livelihood from their own silkworm raising income, though cash income has fairly decreased compared with prewar days.
3) On the position of management: there are a few dominant differences in these three areas, in respect to the basis and structure of productions.
As the inhabitants keep on with the management, acting self-sufficiently, in the northern dry-field farming areas, there is no relation of competition that comes into existence between the sericultural industry and the cropped rotation of cereals (the order cropped cereals) and seasonal distribution of labour forces.
The sericultural management, in the southern dry-field farming area, Iwate Prefecture, has been formed parallel with the commercial crops, ensuring a direct profit to the inhabitants and the rice-culture as a countermeasure in preparation for industrial fluctuation. A downward movement of the postwar boom, however, brought a change in the position of sericultural management. By the connection between arable land and labour force; on the other hand, the introduction of new efficient management is not easy. So, traditional silkworm raising is compelled to be carried on between the former, and a newly risen management methods, for the sake of increasing the cash income in the family budget.
The sericultural management, in the paddy-field farming area, Kitakami Basin, is kept by the surplus labour of rice-culture. Because introduction of a new management method is difficult, in this area, with the exception of the normal rice-culture. This is a far cry from the pattern of dry-field farming areas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1529K) -
Nobuhiko HATTORI1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 296-311,363
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are many dissected plains in the southern region of Kyushu, where the soil is formed from a great deal of volcanic ashes, generally called ‘Shirasu’ by the inhabitants. This fact explains why Kagoshima Prefecture occupies a remarkable position in Japan as regards her high proportion of dryfield. For Japanese agriculture, moreover, it has stood at a disadvantageous position in the aspect of management, due to the abundance of dry-field. So, in the south Kyushu region, the inhabitants were setting themselves to increase the number of paddy-fields. The writer can here show you the expansion of the rice-field under Shirasu-soil plain as an example.
Along the Shirasu plain of the southern region, especially the main areas converted into Shinden (a newly reclaimed rice-field) by the inhabitants, are: Ata, Maeda, Takamatsu, Nihara, Hutsuhara, Minohara, Kasagi, Noikura, and Ohnobara. Analysing these from their physical conditions, there was a good possibility of making paddy-fields in these areas. Though there is nothing to say on the physical conditions, funds were one of the important factors as well as physical conditions, according to the author's investigation. The inhabitants who have already practiced making paddy-fields, have had much hard work to raise funds and to pay off debts. The funds could be divided into three kinds, by the way they were gotten, besides the time of year: investment by private capitalists, from the Meiji era to the opening years of the Taisho era; investment of owned capital by partnership, from the latter part of the Taisho to the early Showa era; state capital, the latest. These changes were due to the price of rice and the Japanese economy. Comparing the period of low price with the high price of rice, when the price was high, paddy fields operated by private funds were worked extensively in this region. As it goes down in price, on the contrary, not a penny of private money found its way into the enterprise, and that brings in only a narrow margin of profit. The investors put their money into commerce and industry which bring more adequate returns than agriculture. The investors come from other prefectures: Aichi, Kyoto and Kumamoto, but there were no men from Kagoshima Prefecture. This fact indicates that there is a shortage of money. So, the government had to lay out money in these enterprises.
The subject boils down to this: Funds and the other social conditions placed great importance on the expansion of paddy-field area in Shirasu-soil plain, as much as physical condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (4383K) -
[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 312-318
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
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[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 318-326
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (803K) -
[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 326-335
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
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[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 335-346
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
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Seishi Taima1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 347-360
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
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[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 360
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
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[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 360a-361
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (158K) -
[in Japanese]1961 Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 361
Published: August 30, 1961
Released on J-STAGE: April 28, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (78K)
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