The Present study deals with a district near Ikegami R.R. Station located in the southern part of Tokyo.
Notwithstanding there had been no shop near the R.R. Station at the time that it was built, a shopping center is growing there nowadays in a concentric circle with the platform-wicket of the Station as its central point. It is becoming the heart of the district as a newlyrising shopping center. This fact had best be considered with reference to Ikegaimi Monzencho Street, former center of the district.
(1.) Monzencho (front of a gate) Street of Honmonji Temple of Ikegami. Ikegami Honmonji Temple, an important temple of the Nichiren sect, is crowded by people on the occasion of the anniversary of the death of Nichiren. On both sides of the road to the temple, many street-stalls are opened selling drums which are noted products of the place. Besides in areas not devastated by air raids stone-dealers' shops, florists' shops, restaurants, hotels and souvenir shops are seen carrying on business as before. Although this Monzencho still retains certain aspects of a suburban-town in the latter part of the Meiji period, it can also be recognized that it is transforming into a street on both sides of which are sold only the necessaries of life.
(2.) Circumferential shopping thoroughfares and the pivotal shopping centers. In Ikegami and the areas surrounding it the following four life (shopping)-spheres can be observed:
a. The pivotal shopping center in front of the R.R. Station (where the necessaries of life are sold).
b. The circumferential shopping thoroughfares (where the necessaries of minimum life are sold).
c. The shopping thoroughfares within the 2km. circle (where expensive articles are sold).
d. The shopping center in the heart of the town (where the most expensive articles are sold).
Monzencho previously mentioned now has but the standing of a shopping thoroughfare where the necessaries of minimum life are sold. It is a street having advanced only one step from the time of general dealers. On the other hand, there appeared in front of the R.R. Station a new shopping center depriving Monzencho of the topmost position and becoming a new pivot of the district's life-spheres.
(3.) Conclusion. The fact that Monzencho of Ikegami Honmonji Temple that had been pivotal in Ikegami and its surrounding areas from the Yedo epoch to the latter part of the Meiji period is now transforming into a less important shopping street where the necessaries of the newlyrising shopping center that has grown in front of Ikegami R.R. Station. Such a phenomenon will be observed, more or less frequently, in other districts too.

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Tanyo Village in the province of Owari is an all but pure farm-village located in the north of Nagoya City at the distance of about eight kilometers from that metropolis. The district abounds in vegetable gardens, across which in many places paddy fields are tilled so that the lands offer an involved view. There is found a distribution of lands which cannot be shown on a map drawn to the scale of one to 25, 000. Also there is a peculiar arrangement of tilled lands. Among rice fields vegetable gardens shaped like narrow tablets are so distributed as to make as a whole a beautiful checker.
In this report, Tanyo Village characterized by the above mentioned singular land-allocation is treated as a representative case of farming combined with gardening in our country. By tracing this peculiar landdistribution back to the very beginning, its characteristics are examined in the following order:
1. Topography.
2. Origination of the form of tilled lands.
3. Method of land-division.
4. Producing capability of cultivated lands.
5. Increase and decrease of island-gardens.
6. Ownership of tilled lands.
5. Increase and decrease of island-gardens.
6. Ownership of tilled lands.
Other related matters are discussed too. The author is of the opinion that a clue to the solving of questions as to the geographical condition of our country prior to the period of statutes is obtained in this way. It is made clear that the growth of a village in this region has been a rare occurrence since ancient times because of the difficulties in irrigation and drainage. The land-allocation peculiar to the region is explained briefly. A circumstance such as the existence of this district will be seldom found in other pasts of the Owari plain where the population is rather dense.

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In the present study, the regional structure of marshes in a district including Ibaraki City, Tamashima Village and Tonda Town, of Mishima District, Osaka Prefecture, is examined in connection with the cultivation of wicker-willows in the rightside lowlands of Yodo River. (This report is to be linked to the author's previous report of the cultivation of nelumbo-roots.) The following conclusion is drawn tentatively from the investigation:
The cultivation of wicker-willows is a necessity in the marshes along the right bank of Yodo River. There are several reasons, to wit:
1. Since the lands are low and soft, and the drainage of water is not easily carried out det to the topography of the region, it is not possible to cultivate land to grow other kinds of plants.
2. Economically advantageous conditions can be gained by the rational use of surplus labor.
3. Suitability of the geogpaphical position of the tract.
4. Human efforts to reclaim swamps in the district.
On the other hand, the region is close to the large city of Osaka. Many factors as the social and the economical, which are peculiar to a suburban agrarian district which is located within the magnetic field of a metropolis, have helped to bring about the area most prominent in the cultivating of wicker-willows in this country.

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