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In the morphological changes of the skulls of tlte Yezo brown bear (Ursus arctosyezoensis Lyd.) showing growth with postnatal development were observed the oblitera-tion patterns of suturae and synchondroses.The materials used in this study were the 56 skulls (36 male and 20 female)described in the previous part of the present series. The closing degrees of suturas andsynchondroses were determined by the method employed by FREDERIC (Table I).In both male and female skulls, the obliteration of sutrae and synchondroses wasobserved earlier in the intraoccipital synchondroses, sutura lambdoidea, and S. sagittalis.It is assumed that the crista sagittalis externa and the linea nuchae superior, which arepeculiar forms of the male adult skull, may have resulted from the ossification of theperiosteum, because tlaey developed cleary after the obliteration of S.lamboidea arndS. sagittalis.As the sex difference in the obliteration of suturae, it was unoticed that S. occipitomastoidea, S. squamosa, and S. sphenosquamosa had been closed later in the maleskulls than in the female.The sutura and synchondrosis which were not closed event in the oldest skull wereS. zygomaticotemporalis and synchorndrosis intersphenoidalis.It is reasonable to consider that the os sphenoidale can be divided into two portions: that is, os sphenoidale anterior and os sphenoidale posterior.In the bear skull, no S. nasomaxillaris has been formed. The same view as merntioned above seems to be observed in the skull of Lagomorplaa and Rodentia.

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Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded bipolarly from the frontal andparietal cortical regions in 7 female goats. Silver balls (1 mm in diameter) were usedas electrodes and implanted chronically on the cerebral dura mater through a small holeof the skull. Experiments were carried out to clarify the effect of experimental hyper-ammonemia on the EEG in goats.l. When ammonium chloride (aqueous solution) was injected in an amount of0.5 milli-molecules (ml) per kg of body weight into the anterior vena cava through apolyethylene cannula, the blood ammonia concentration increased rapidly. On theEEG there appeared high-amplitude slow waves (2O0s4O0pV, 4x5 c/s) at a durationof 2 to 3 seconds and an interval of 10 to 20 seconds. This pattern was induced when theblood ammonia concentration exceeded 500pg per TOO ml of blood. There was anincrease in duration and frequerncy of appearance of this pattern with an increase indose of ammonia.2.. When ammonium chloride was infused into the anterior vena cava at a rateof 0.033 mlVI per minute per kg of body weight for 60 minutes, the blood ammoniaconcentration increased gradually, and high-amplitude slow waves tended to appear.When it was infused at a rate of 0.05 ml per minute per kg of body weight, there wasa rapid increase in this concentration and induced pattern appeared. When the bloodammonia concentration was high and the respiratory movement was in a critical state, however, low-amplitude fast waves were observed on the pattern.3. When urea was injected in a dose of 3 to 12 mM per kg of body weight intothe anterior vena cava, no induced pattern appeared at all.4. When urea was infused in a dose of 4 ml per kg of body weight irtto therumen through a permanent fistula, the induced pattern appeared.5. When crystalline urea was mixed with powdered food and fed at a rate of6 ml per kg of body weight, it was a little slower in sltowing an effect than when itsaqueous solution was infused into the rumen, there was an increase in blood ammoniaconcentration and tlae induced pat

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In the previous part of the present studies"), the influennce of eugenol on glucuronidation in the rat was reported.In this part, attempts were made to find similar influences in other glucosidurogenicdrugs, such as phenol, benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and aniline. At tlte same time, studies were made on the influence of such drug upon the glucuronic acid pathway inrats subjected to a massive administration of these glucosidurogenic drugs.The following results were obtained.I) Phenol, benzyl alcohol, and aniline orally administered caused a significantincrease in UDP-glucuronyltransferase (GT) activity in rat liver in the same manner aseugenol (Table l).2) The excretion of the ether type of glucuronide in rat urine showed such agreat increase after oral administration of phenol and aniline as eugenol (Table 2).3) In experiments in vitro on phenol, 3.0X 10-3 M of penol exhibited a 505 inhibi-tion of the glucuronidation of a substrate (2.0 x 10 M of 7t-nitrophenol), while 1.1 X 10-4M of eugenol presented the same effect upon this substrate (Fig. l). The inhibition ofGT by phenol was also competitive in nature as in the case of eugenol. The Ki valueof penol, however, was 2.5XlO- M, ox 5 times as large as that of eugenol (Fig. 2).4) None of these glucosidurogenic drugs administered orally to rats exerted anyinfluence on the hepatic or serum /3-glucuronidase activity, the hydrolytic enzyme ofglucuronide (Table 3), or the urinary excretion of t-ascorbic acid and n-glucaric acid, both of which are pathway metabolites of r>-glucuronic acid (Table 4).

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The results of the general test for oxyhemoglobin obtained from avian blood cellsby tlae authors method, are as follows.l. Isoelectric point of avian oxyhemoglobinThe isoelectric point was determined by the direct method using fractional pre-cipitation at a controlled pH. It was found to be 7.0, 6.5, 5.9, and 5.3. There was aconsiderable difference in it between fowl and man.2. Rate of alkaline denaturation of avian oxyhemoglobinHemoglobin solutions were exposed to an alkali reagent at pH 12.7. Normal avianpigments became completely denative within one minute.At concentrations of 0.7, 1.0, and 1.8 g per dl, adult chicken hemoglobin was moreresistant than young chicken hemoglobin. At a concentration of 1.3 g per dl, however, young chicken hemoglobin was more resistant than adult chicken hemoglobin.In general, the amount of adult chicken hemoglobin wltich had not been denaturedin each hemoglobin solution ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 g per dl was smaller in sum totalthan that of young chicken hemoglobin.3. Absorbancy of avian hemoglobin derivativesThe range of wave length for the intense absorption of avian hemoglobin deriva-tives was much the same as determined for that of human hemoglobin derivatives. Itwas as follows.(a) Hb0r : 418, 550, and 586 Illp(b) IIbC0 : 403, 550, and 590 Illjt(c) met Hb : 410, 505, and 640 Illjt, 4. Disc electrophoretic patterns of normal avian and mammalian hemoglobinThe disc electrophoretic behavior was compared between avian hemoglobin andhemoglobin of a given mammalian species. As was illustrated previously, avian oxy-hemoglobin revealed 10 components on disc electrophoretic analysis.Component 4-d, moving relatively fast toward the cathode, occupied the greater partof avian oxyhemoglobin. The properties of this component were unknown. Thiscomponent was identical with the corresponding one of mammalian hemoglobin, exceptcalf and goat one. It is justified in saying that this component may be regarded as onespecific to the ruminant.The greater part of mammalian hemoglobin is occupied by components

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