Central Luzon in the Philippines, with 1980mm annual precipitation, provides enough water for a single crop of rice during rainy season, but for almost five months of the dry season started from November each year, the shortage of water is a common problem among most of the local farmers for cultivation activities in uplands.The Filipino government has responded to the problem with construction of some small earth dams called Small Water Impounding Projects (SWIPs) in the region, aimed to save additional rainfall during rainy season for cultivation purposes on the period of water shortage.Rainfall is the only water suppliers for the reservoir of the constructed dams and the percentage of that precipitated rain, which get to the dams reservoir, is in a direct relation with soil characteristics. Drops of fallen rainfall, if not evaporated immediately depends on land and soil characteristics, face infiltration in soil or running off on surface of the watershed to reach the reservoir.Since, soil physical aspects play a principle role in both infiltration and runoff producing processes, the aim of the present study is to recognize the importance of soil physical characteristics on hydrological cycle of one of the mentioned constructed SWIPs located in Villa Boad, Talugtug, Nueva Ecija (FIG.1).The main parameter to select the investigation sites in the 34.3 ha Villa Boado SWIP’s watershed area was the type of the land uses and in each of the mentioned sites, including Mango plantation, Grass land and Forest, respectively named as Sites No.1, 2 and 3, soil matric potential monitoring instruments, tensiometers, were installed in 20, 100, 200 and 300cm depths and then infiltration tests were carried out.Soil survey showed that mainly two types of soils can be expected in the watershed; Inceptisols in hilly areas and Vertisols in low lands and around natural channels, where alluvial sediments are deposited. Then, to clarify distribution of different soils types, topography map of the watershed contour lined with 1m intervals was provided.For prediction of soil water content in the three study sites soil layers in the depths, where tensiometers sensitive parts were installed in, were sampled by cores and then soil moisture retention curves for each sample was figured out in the laboratory. Additionally, for monitoring the fluctuation on the underground water level, four observation wells along the watershed long profile were drilled.Tensiometers data also proved that in rainy season soil matric suction falls down considerably among all of the three sites in every depth of them. The data collection in Forest has started within a delay about six months, comparing to Mango and Grass land (FIG.2).Results of the infiltration tests in the field and the core samples investigation in laboratory obtained enough evidences to assume that a layer of swelling clay on 100cm depth limits vertical water flow in the Forest, when it is saturated or is close to saturation condition.Finally, investigations illustrated that except the topsoil, which is more affected by the land use type, sub soil layers involvement on hydrological cycle is more relevant to soil physical characteristics itself rather than land use. Further more, using topography map and soil types distribution, based on geomorphological situations, this paper attempts to estimate the total volume of water held by soil across the watershed

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