It has been well documented that certain chemicals are injurious to the liver, and such impairments are detectible by blood analyses. However, most of these studies were primarily concerned with liver damage and little effort has been made to differentiate other organ damages which accompany the poisoning. Moreover, these studies were aimed at producing parenchymatous necrosis irrespective of the properties of chemicals employed. Neither has there been any established rule which correlates the nature of damage and chemical property. Advancing industrialization has given rise to rapidly increasing accidents associated with the use of various chemicals, organic or inorganic. In medicine, a number of heavy metals are used in the form of drugs some of which have been known to be poisonous in spite of their therapeutic effects. This study was designed to elucidate chemical changes of blood produced by certain heavy metals commonly in use in medicine and industry from the point of view of liver damage, and to ascertain whether or not liver damage could be assessed in the presence of other organ damages, perticulary the kidney. Because of an ever increasing list of liver function tests, the present study concentrated on serum proteins and transaminase. Complement was also included in view of the fact that this protein behaves in a special manner in some diseased states and because of the sporadic reports suggesting its value in certain liver damages. For comparison, an organic hepatotoxic compound, chlorpromazine was used.

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In the previous paper (1), it has been reported that the continuous reduction of the net loss of K ions from muscles soaking in K free medium can be maintained only when the external Na ions are present. This fact indicates that the constant rate of the net loss of K ions is sustained by the constancy of K-Na interchange rate. Harris and Sjodin (2) have stated that K ion exchange has to be distinguished from net movement and the processes can be measured separately by choice of suitable conditions. It is possible to obtain information on membrane structure from the experimental data of the ionic behaviour across the cell membrane. Among the various kinds of movements of ions, the outward movement of K ions in K free medium has been studied in order to clarify whether the outward K ion movement is completely passive in nature; in other words, the purpose of this study is to discover the law governing the diffusion of K ions from an isolated sartorius muscle into K free bathing solution. This report is concerned with the results of studies of the mechanism of the net loss of K ions in K free medium.

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Previously in Part I (1) of the present investigation the authors made a report on the macroscopic morphological classification of the liver with hepatic fibrosis (cirrhosis) due to schistosomiasis japonica. In this paper the correlation between the degree of liver fibrosis studied microscopically and the number of ova in the liver will be reported. The number of cases examined comes to a total of 46 cases; 4 cases obtained in our department and 8 cases preserved in the Pathological Department of the Kyushu University, Fukuoka, were added to 34 cases reported in the preceding paper (1).

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The number of sufferers from cerebral palsy in Japan has been estimated to be somewhere between 200, 000 and 300, 000. Dysarthria, among others, occurs frequently in this disease, the incidence being 70 to 90 per cent according to most statistics. For the treatment of dysarthria, speech therapy has been attempted for more than 20 years throughout the world, and has gained increasing attention. Nevertheless, systematic study of dysarthria has been infrequent. A series have already been studied of patients aged 5 to 15 with various types of dysarthria, in terms of general clinical findings, intelligence quotient, vital capacity of the lung, movement of the diaphragm as determined with the double exposure technique and their relationship to dysarthria. This communication is concerned with the result of our further study on the minor tremor (MT) of the body surface, in 13 cases from the same series. Since 1946, Rohracher has reported on the phenomenon of surface vibration which is of an amplitude of a few micra with certain frequencies of cycle. This has been called “Mikroschwingung” or “Mikrovibration.” A number of papers have been published by his group which includes Marko. This phenomenon was first confirmed in Japan in 1953 by Inanaga and Sugano who proposed the term “minor tremor” (MT) for this type of vibration. Rohracher studied the relationship of MT to psyche, temperature regulation and muscle tone, while Sugano, Inanaga and Kurita and others reported on the effects of various drugs on MT. It is now generally thought that muscle tone is the most likely force which originates MT and that the tremor is in some way related to the maintenance of the body temperature. The present investigation, based on the established fact that MT represents the state of muscle tone and is influenced by the psychic state, aims at elucidating the pattern of MT in cerebral palsy.

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The authors have studied the dermatoglyphics of the finger tips, the middle and proximal phalanges, and the palms of the inhabitants of Kishima-gun, Saga prefecture. Results of the analysis of the fingerprints are described in the present paper.

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The results of the fingerprints of the inhabitants of Kishima-gun, Saga prefecture have been reported previously. The results of the analysis on the palm-patterns of the same individuals are reported in the present paper.

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The results of the analysis on the palm-patterns of the inhabitants of Kishimagun, Saga prefecture by wilder's method have been reported previously. The present report is concerned with the palm-patterns of the same individuals analyzed according to the method of Cummins et al.

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Ideal reconstruction of the bile-duct is to cut off the obstruction of the bile-duct and to continue the function of Oddi's sphincter. However, there are many cases in which reconstruction is impossible due to the location of the focus or anatomical properties. Therefore, in many cases re-routing of the flowing of bile must be done by cholecyst-gastroenterostomy or choledochogastroenterostomy. However, in cases in which the obstruction is at the bile-duct, especially near hepatic port, this is often impossible, for, not to mention cases caused by malignant tumor, in cases of error of operation of the bile-duct or benign obstruction based on inflammation, reconstruction of the bile-duct using the extrahepatic bile-duct could damage the portal vein or hepatic artery on account of strong adhesion or ciatrization. In these cases, it is possible to direct bile congested in the liver to the digestive tract, only by the route of the intrahepatic bile-duct. Therefore, anastomosis of the intrahepatic bileduct and the digestive tract is considered as the final reconstruction. This procedure of operation may be divided broadly into these classes: intrahepatic-cholangiogastrostomy performed by Longmire and Sanford, intrahepatic-cholangiogastrostomy performed by Dogliotti, hepatoenterostomy performed by Kehr, Honjo and Hasegawa. However, they cannot be said to be the general methods of operation at present as many of them have not succeeded. This paper reports twelve cases of intrahepatic-cholangiojejunostomy which the authors recently treated and descrives the outline of animal experimental data concerning this problem.

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