The Kurume Medical Journal

The Reversal Potential of the Spike Afterhyperpolarization in Bullfrog Sympathetic Neurons

TAKAYUKI TOKIMASA

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 285-293
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.285

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Intracellular recordings were made from neurons in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia maintained in vitro. The action potential afterhyperpolarization was comprised of two components, namely an initial, shorter-lasting (up to 200ms) event and a later, longer-lasting (up to 2500ms) one, both of which resulted from an opening of potassium channels. Both of these components reversed their polarities at between-80 and -100mV. The initial part of the afterhyperpolarization, however, always reversed its polarity at a less negative potential than the latter part. Mathematical analysis, by means of a hypothetical membrane equivalent circuit, revealed that this difference in the reversal potentials could be explained by a simple potassium-channel opening hypothesis without considering any additional current other than potassium-current for either component of the spike afterhyperpolarization.

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Stellate Ganglion Block for the Relief of Tinnitus in Vibration Disease

TSUNETAKA MATOBA, ISAO NOGUCHI, HARUMI NOGUCHI, TADAYOSHI SAKURAI

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 295-300
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.295

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Vibration disease results from the long-term use of vibratory tools such as chain-saws and pneumatic hammers. Vibration, noise, and cold are stressors that impair the human body. Consequently, signs and symptoms can occur, including tinnitus which can be associated with hearing loss. Tinnitus occurs in approximately 40% of the patients, and is hard to effectively treat. Stellate ganglion block was performed in patients with tinnitus. The efficacy of the ganglion block was evaluated by the five steps' method of patient self-assessment and by the audiometric method. The effective rates of the ganglion block for tinnitus was 62.5% by self-assessment and 68.8% by audiometric assessment. The hearing acuity partially recovered and was associated with good or partial relief of tinnitus. A follow-up study for 18 months revealed that the efficacy of stellate ganglion block for tinnitus persisted. Thus, stellate ganglion block therapy can be effective for the treatment of tinnitus in patients with vibration disease.

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Possible Risk Factors and Signs of Mental Retardation (MR)

Comparative Study of Mentally Retarded and Normal Children

TOYOJIRO MATSUISHI

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 301-307
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.301

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A retrospective study was performed to obtain information useful for the early detection, intervention and prevention of mental retardation (MR) in children. A questionnaire consisting of 57 items, which were chosen on the basis of an earlier three year study and included conventional risk factors causing brain damage. Significant differences were noted between MR children and normal children in the incidences of the following: (1) asphyxia, (2) birth weight of less than 2500 g, (3) poor sucking, (4) floppy infant with little activity, (5) poor response to the human voice, (6) difficulties with eye to eye contact, (7) delayed head control (more than 5 months after birth), (8) delayed walking with support (more than 10 months after birth), (9) delayed “walking alone” (more than 18 months old), and (10) delayed onset of talking meaningfully (p<0.005). In addition the following occurred more frequently in the MR group. (1) The mother's age was more than 30 years. (2) The infants needed an incubator with oxygen inhalation. (3) The delivery was prolonged. (4) The mothers were exposed to X-ray irradiation while pregnant. (5) The babies were “too quiet”, (6) hypersensitive to sounds, (7) hypertonic, and (8) frequently crying without reason (p<0.05).

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Dynamic Changes of Fenestrations in Choriocapillaries

RISEI ISHIBASHI, ARATA SUGITA, HISAHARU YOSHIOKA

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 309-315
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.309

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The ultrastructure of choriocapillaries from dark-adapted eyes of Uroloncha Striata Domestica was studied with a freeze-fracture replica technique. Fenestrations were observed on the surface of the cleavage plane of the choriocapillary endothelial membrane. Fenestrations of endothelial cells facing Bruch's membrane in controls were densely distributed and clearly separated from the non-fenestrated areas. The average diameter of the fenestrations was 71±6 nm and the average number of fenestrations was 39.1±6.0/μm². In the dark-adapted eye, the fenestrations of endothelial cells facing Bruch's membrane were scattered and it was impossible to clearly distinguish the fenestrated areas from non-fenestrated areas. The average diameter of the fenestrations was 70±6 nm and the average number of fenestrations was 27.4±7.6/μm². The difference in fenestration density between control and adapted eyes was significant (P<0.01). These findings indicate that the distribution pattern of fenestrations in endothelial cells of choriocapillaries is dynamic and results in a decrease in vascular permeability of the choriocapillaries in the dark.

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Computer Videodensitometry of Digital Subtraction Angiography for Measurement of the Cardiac Volume

FUMIHIKO UTSU, HISAO IKEDA, YOSHINORI KOGA, KEIGO SHIBAO, MASAYOSHI SH ...

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 317-323
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.317

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In order to clarify an accuracy of densitometrically measured cardiac volume from the DSA image, experimental phantom study and clinical left ventriculography were performed. Good linear correlations were observed between volumes measured by videodensitometry of the DSA image and the real volumes of the phantoms in the experimental study and between left ventricular volumes determined by videodensitometry with DSA and measured by an area-length method in the clinical study, unless the obtained density was too high to get saturated or too low to be miss-counted. Therefore, adequate gain setting of the instrument and use of proper concentration of the contrast medium appeared to be essential in determining heart chamber volumes using DSA densitometry.

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The Depolarizing Spike After-Potential in Bullfrog Sympathetic Neurons

TAKAYUKI TOKIMASA, KYOZO KOKETSU

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 325-330
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.325

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The Sensitivity of GABA-Receptor is Increased by Biogenic Amines

KYOZO KOKETSU, MAMORU ARIYOSHI, TAKASHI AKASU

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 331-334
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.331

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A Huge Teratoma in the Posterior Fossa in a Neonate

TAKASHI HAYASHI, TAKEO HASHIMOTO, KATSUHIKO HARADA, YUJI OKAMOTO, KAZU ...

1984 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 335-337
Published: June 25, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.31.335

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