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Volume 56 (2009)
- Issue 3+4 Pages 39-
- Issue 1+2 Pages 1-
Volume 56, Issue 3+4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Original Contribution
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HIDEHIKO NISHIMURA, AKIRA YAKEISHI, TSUYOSHI SAGA, KOH-ICHI YAMAKI2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 39-47
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder whose main symptoms include xerostomia and dry eyes. It has been demonstrated that abnormal expression of aquaporin (AQP)-5 in the parotid and submandibular glands in SS model mice was corrected by cevimeline. In the present study, we orally administered cevimeline hydrochloride (cevimeline) to female MRL/l mice, which are widely used as a model for SS, to immunohistochemically investigate the localization of AQP-5 in the salivary glands. We also assessed the ultrastructure of acinar cells in the submandibular glands. AQP-5 was expressed in the apical and lateral cell membranes of acinar cells in the parotid and submandibular glands of normal mice, but not in the sublingual glands. In contrast, AQP-5 was expressed not only in the cell membranes in the apical domains but also in the cytoplasm in the SS model mice, indicating that the localization of AQP-5 was disordered in the SS model mice. After administration of cevimeline, AQP-5 was predominantly localized in the cellular apical domains of the acinar cells. Electron microscopy revealed that administration of cevimeline to the SS model mice and normal mice markedly reduced the number of secretory granules, increased the area of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and expanded the intercellular gaps in the cells of the submandibular acini. Condensed vacuoles were also observed in the Golgi apparatuses, indicating that secondary enhancement of secretion and production of saliva had occurred. Consequently, the results of the present study demonstrate that the administration of cevimeline to the SS model mice increased salivary secretion in the submandibular glands. Furthermore, cevimeline transiently normalized the localization of AQP-5 expression in the parotid and submandibular glands.View full abstractDownload PDF (48011K) -
SATOMI OOBA, HIROSHI HASUO, MINORU SHIGEMORI, SHIN YAMASHITA, TAKASHI ...2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 49-59
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiment examined the effect of mild hypothermia (35°C) on the post-traumatic hyperactivity of rat hippocampal CA1 neurons in horizontal brain slices. One week after fluid percussion injury (FPI), the optical response evoked by stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals increased in amplitude and propagation area in hippocampal CA1 slices. FPI did not alter the fast optical response that reflected the action potential of the Schaffer collaterals but enhanced the slow component that reflected the excitatory postsynaptic response. FPI increased the slope of the input-output relation (I/O function), suggesting that FPI increases the efficacy of excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. To examine the effect of low temperature on post-traumatic hyperactivity of hippocampal CA1 neurons, mild hypothermia (35°C) was administered to rats 15 min after FPI and maintained for 1-3 h. One week after FPI, the activity of hippocampal CA1 neurons in rats with mild hypothermia appeared to be reduced as compared with those receiving FPI alone. The post-traumatic enhancement of the I/O function of the slow optical response was prevented by mild hypothermia. These results suggest that mild hypothermia applied 15 min after FPI attenuates the post-traumatic hyperactivity of excitatory synapses in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.View full abstractDownload PDF (3943K) -
KAYOKO TSUJI, MASAAKI OHNUMA, STEPHANIE M. JUNG, MASAAKI MOROI2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 61-69
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMegakaryocytes (MKs) and platelet-like particles (PLPs) have generally been obtained by culturing embryonic stem (ES) cells over feeder cells. However, using feeder cells need many labor-consuming processes and the MK and PLP fractions obtained are often contaminated by such cells and their fragments. Here we describe our new culture system for differentiating mouse ES cells to MKs and PLPs without using feeder cells. ES cells are differentiated to cells with MK-like morphology and properties, including proplatelet formation, high ploidy (>8N), and CD41 expression. The culture medium contained PLPs expressing platelet glycoproteins, CD41 and GPIb. Integrin αIIbβ3 of PLPs can be activated by thrombin. Addition of the metalloproteinase inhibitor TAPI-2 to the culture increased the surface expression of GPIbα and augmented the adhesion of PLPs to immobilized von Willebrand factor through decreasing the shedding of GPIbα. Thus our mouse ES cells culture system is a suitable and efficient method for obtaining MKs and functional PLPs that obviates the need for feeder cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (2011K) -
JUN SAKODA, MASAFUMI UCHIDA, SHUJI NAGATA, KEI MATSUOKA, TOSHI ABE, NA ...2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 71-77
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1.5T Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has become an accepted method for assessing prostate cancer. However, the role of 1.5T MRI in local staging of prostate cancer is limited. It is hoped that 3.0T MRI will be more useful in local staging of prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tissue contrast, artifact presence, and image quality of T2-weighted images (T2WI) of prostate cancer using 3T MRI with a phased-array coil at different slice thicknesses and fields of view (FOV). We examined 15 patients with prostate cancer. We obtained MR images at slice thicknesses of 2 mm and 5 mm in both small and large FOV. The image obtained at a slice thickness of 2 mm with a small FOV had inferior tissue contrast compared to the other images (P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in contrast between images obtained at a slice thickness of 2 mm with a large FOV and those obtained at a slice thickness of 5 mm. Artifacts were rated equally among the parameter combinations. The overall image quality obtained at a slice thickness of 2 mm with a large FOV was significantly superior to the other three imaging parameters (p<0.05). The image obtained at a slice thickness of 2 mm with a large FOV was superior to the other three images in evaluating T2WI of prostate cancer with 3T MRI.View full abstractDownload PDF (1239K)
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SINAN AKBAYRAM, CIHANGIR AKGUN, SULEYMAN OZEN, AVNI KAYA, OGUZ TUNCER, ...2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 79-83
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of Langerhans cells with local infiltration of tissues and organ destruction. LCH takes many clinical forms, affecting different systems and different sites in the same system with variable outcomes. Bone, skin, lymph node, pituitary, liver, lung, bone marrow and spleen involvement can be seen in patients with LCH. Involvement of the perianal site is rare. In this article, a 16-month-old boy with multiple organ involvement including skin, liver, lung, and bone is presented. Aside from these systemic involvements, he also had a simple anal fistula. According to our best knowledge, this case of LCH with anal fistula is only the second to be reported in childhood. We would like to emphasize that LCH may be associated with anal fistula; therefore, we suggest that patients with LCH should be examined for this condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (4145K) -
RYU EHARA, TAKEHARU KOGA, SEISEN YOU, HIROKI NATORI, TOMOKO KAMIMURA, ...2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 85-87
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 61-year-old otherwise healthy woman presented with gradually worsening exertional dyspnea. Routine examinations revealed bilateral pleural effusion with no other notable cardiopulmonary diseases. Systemic examinations showed ascites and a pelvic tumor, which turned out to be right ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Surgical removal and chemotherapy against the ovarian cancer resulted in disappearance of the ascites and pleural effusion, establishing a diagnosis of pseudo-Meigs’syndrome. It is common for reported cases of pseudo-Meigs’ syndrome to initially present with dyspnea, therefore it is important to consider this disorder when attempting a differential diagnosis in female patients presenting with dyspnea without other noticeable conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1541K)
Errata
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2009 Volume 56 Issue 3+4 Pages 89
Published: December 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: May 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (438K)
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