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Volume 47, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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JITENDRA TIWARI, ISSEI KODAMA, JINRYO TAKEDA, KAZUO SHIROUZU2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 226 cases of advanced gastric cancer which occupied only one third of the stomach were analyzed in order to clarify whether and how lymphatic spread differed according to the tumor location and gross type of tumor. Out of the 226 patients, 45 cases had tumor in the upper third, 74 cases had it in the middle third, and 107 cases had it in the lower third of the stomach. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was found to be much higher for the tumors located in the lesser curvature (51.6%), greater curvature and posterior wall (54.4%), as compared to the tumors located in the anterior wall (28.0%). The tumors located in the upper third of the stomach did not show any metastasis in the N3 node, while the tumors located in the lower third of the stomach did not show any metastasis in the left cardial nodes, short gastric nodes, and the nodes along the left gastroepiploic vessels. Similarly, the tumors from the middle third of the stomach did not invade the left cardial nodes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2284K) -
NAOKO SARUWATARI2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 5-11
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported thatγδ T cells are activated by bacterial infection, and the cells act in an antibacterial manner. We investigated the immunologic role of γδ T cells and their receptors in tuberculosis (TB) patients. We examined γδ T cells which express receptors composed of V γ9 or Vδ2 chains before and after anti-TB chemotherapy, in vitro changes in T cell receptor expression due to stimulation, and the relationship between the proliferative capability of γδ T cells and the clinical data before treatment (10 TB patients and 9 healthy volunteers). The ratio of Vγ9-positive cells to γδ T cells decreased significantly in the 10 TB patients before treatment (p<0.05). In the in vitro study, the patients with a high pretreatment growth index of Vγ9-positive cells had a significantly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p <0.05) and significantly low rates of Vγ9-and Vδ2-positive γδ T cells (p<0.02). Measurement of the proportion of Vγ9-positive cells together with their growth index might help to further elucidate the disease process in patients with pulmonary TB.View full abstractDownload PDF (1081K) -
TOMOKAZU KOSUGA2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 13-23
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effect of allogeneic and xenogeneic immune responses on the histopathological changes in aortic valve grafts and the influence of preservation techniques on these changes. Brown Norway rats and Syrian hamsters were used as allogeneic and concordant xenogeneic donors of aortic valve grafts, respectively. The allografts and xenografts were implanted heterotopically in the abdominal aorta of Lewis rat recipients immediately after harvest (homovital), after cryopreservation, or after preservation with antibiotics at 4 °C (fresh preservation).Allografts and xenografts were explanted at days 7, 28 or 56 and at days 3, 7 or 14, respectively, for the histopathological examination. The allografts underwent histological changes characteristic of graft arteriosclerosis. No significant effect of cryopreservation on these changes was observed. The fresh-preserved graft was, however, predisposed to focal destruction of the elastic fibers and to early disappearance of the leaflet. The lesions in xenografts were characterized by severe destruction of the elastic fibers. Compared to homovital xenografts, both cryopreserved and freshpreserved xenografts showed more prominent disruption of the elastic fibers, well-developed valvular and vascular thrombi and earlier disappearance of the leaflet. In conclusion, it could be assumed that failure in retention of cellular and extracellular components during fresh preservation accelerates structural deterioration of allografts. As for xenografts, even the extracellular matrix may have potential xenogeneic immunogenicity. There is a possibility of these preservation techniques reducing xenogeneic immunogenicity of the endothelial cells, probably because of loss of these cells. However, it appears that, even in this setting, other cellular and extracellular components could trigger immune responses causing structural deterioration of xenografts.View full abstractDownload PDF (13309K) -
ATSUSHI TOYONAGA, HIROSHI OKAMATSU, KANAE SASAKI, HIROYUKI KIMURA, TAK ...2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 25-30
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted an epidemiological study to investigate the relation of food intake to Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection in an area endemic for H.pylori. In this study, 365 subjects, 104 men and 261 women, were randomly selected from 7, 389 adult (over age 20) inhabitants of town A, Japan. The prevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) class antibody to H.pylori (anti-H.pylori) was 83.7% and the prevalence of anti-H.pylori increased with age significantly (P<0.05). Subjects with anamnesis of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric cancer tended to have a higher anti-H.pylori positive ratio (93.5%) than those without (81.0%). But there was no relationship between anti-H.pylori prevalence and sex, blood type, smoking or drinking habits. Daily intake of foods by food groups, nutrients and the concentrations of serum ingredients were compared between 37 anti-H.pylori-positive and 40 negative subjects selected from 365 inhabitants by matching up according to sex and age. The daily intake of cereals, potatoes and starches, and milks tended to be higher in positive than negative subjects, while the daily intake of algae and tea appeared to be a little higher in negative than in positive subjects. The daily zinc intake of antibody-positive subjects was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in antibody negative subjects. On the other hand, the daily iron intake in negative subjects was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in positive subjects. The serum concentrations of copper, zinc, and vitamin E tended to be higher in positive than negative subjects. But there were no significant differences in serum ingredients concentrations between antibody negative and positive subjects. Our findings suggest that iron and zinc intakes may effect on H.pylori infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (3141K) -
KEISHIRO AOYAGI, KIKUO KOHFUJI, SHOJIRO YANO, NAOTAKA MURAKAMI, HARUKO ...2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 31-36
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the process of carcinogenesis in gastric cancer, we studied the histological features of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-treated rats . Samples of the gastric mucosa from both MNNG-treated and control rats were histologically examined every 2 months, for 10 months. In 40% of the MNNG-treated rats, atrophy in the gastric mucosa was observed after 2 months, and regenerative epithelium was observed after 4 months, followed by adenomatous proliferation and disappearance of the tight junction electron microscopically after 6 months. A small intestinal cancer had developed in 2 rats at 6 months. While gastric cancer had developed in 3 rats at 8 months, and in one of these 3 rats, peritoneal dissemination was observed macroscopically and histologically. These results suggested that adenomatous proliferation and disappearance of the tight junction observed electron microscopically were characteristic pathological features of precancerous lesions in the stomach in MNNG-treated rat.View full abstractDownload PDF (9762K) -
KEI SHIBAYAMA2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIdiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ION) is a disease prevalent in adulthood, and its development in elderly persons is known to show a low incidence. To clarify its characteristics in elderly patients, radiological and histological examinations were performed on 18 patients aged 60 years or older histologically diagnosed as having ION. On roentgenography, three characteristic points were observed, 1) progress of collapse in the femoral head within a short period (12 cases, 66.7%), 2) narrowing in the joint space within a short period (6 cases, 33.3%), and 3) rapid destruction and resorption of the femoral head (4 cases, 22.2%). The lesion expanded to the acetabular region, and a course similar to that of so-called rapidly destructive coxarthrosis (RDC) was developing in 3 cases (16.7%). However, in these 3 cases, changes in the acetabular region were mild, compared with ordinary RDC, and they were considered different from common RDC. These radiological characteristics were found more clearly in women than in men. In the histopathological examination, severe degeneration in the cartilage of the femoral head was found, while wide infiltration of repairing tissue into the necrotic area was seen from the early stage. When necrotic trabecula were collapsed markedly and degraded severely, then destruction andresorption of bone expanded to non-necrotic regions in some cases. Osteogenic sclerotic line (the demarcation line), which has been often seen in ordinary ION, was not developed in most cases. These characteristics were more prominent in women.View full abstractDownload PDF (9992K) -
SATORU TOBINAGA2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 45-53
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExcitatory amino acids (glutamate, aspartate) play an important role in the ischemic cascade leading to cell death. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is an excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor, and NMDA receptor antagonists have been shown to exert a neuroprotective effect in central nervous system ischemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists MK-801 and to observe the changes in EAAs after spinal cord ischemia in a rabbit model. Spinal cord ischemia was induced by clamping the infrarenal abdominal aorta for 24 min. Group 1 (n=6) received no pharmacologic infusion. Group 2 (n=5) was administered an intra-aortic hypothermic MK-801 (1 mg/kg) solution and group 3 (n=6) was administered an intra-aortic normothermic MK-801 (2 mg/kg) solution immediately after clamping of the abdominal aorta. We evaluated the neurological function at 12, 24 and 48 hrs after spinal cord ischemia. A histopathologic study was carried out 72 hrs after spinal cord ischemia, and the results for groups 1 and 3 were compared. The glutamate and aspartate levels in the blood plasma were compared at pre-ischemia and at 12, 24, and 48 hrs among the groups. The perfusion of a normothermic MK-801 (2 mg/kg) solution significantly reduced the neurological dysfunction and the neuronal damage. There was a significant increase in aspartate at 24 and 48 hrs in group 1, but no such increase in glutamate occurred in groups 1 and 3. In conclusion, these data provide the evidence that therapeutic intervention with MK-801 (2 mg/kg) in the early period of spinal cord ischemia is beneficial in reducing neurological dysfunction and neuronal damage.View full abstractDownload PDF (7628K) -
KOJI AKASU2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 55-62
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: February 08, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between pyrexia and energy expenditure (EE) after cardiac surgery utilizing the indirect calorimeter. Further the present study tried to determine in changes of energy substrate during mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery. EE, oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), cardiac index (CI), core temperature, and energy substrate were continuously measured in 26 patients after cardiac surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to the highest core temperature postoperatively; Pyrexia group: ≥38.5 °C, Non-pyrexia group: <38.5 °C. EE after cardiac surgery in non-pyrexias was 1.33 times higher than calculated EE according to the Harris-Benedict equation. Moreover, EE in pyrexias was approximately 1.6 times higher. The mean EE in pyrexias increased to 27.8 %/°C. No significant differences were observed in V02 or VCO2 between two groups. Time course of Cl in pyrexias was different from that in non-pyrexias. Accordingly, energy substrate was not shifted in both groups except fat. This study suggested thatthe maintenance of core temperature below 38°C after cardiac surgery is important on the aspect ofenergy metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (5699K) -
SHINSUKE HAYASHI2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 63-72
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aims of this study were to determine the involvement of leukocytes in reperfusion injury following acute arterial occlusion and to evaluate the effect of the leukotriene B4 (LTB4), which is a chemical mediator of inflammation, receptor antagonist. We examined the usefulness of LTB4 receptor antagonist, ONO-4057, as a preventative drug for myonephropathic metabolic syndrome (MNMS). The experimental leg ischemic model was developed using Wistar strain rats. The rats were divided into 4 groups. In Group R3, the infra-renal abdominal aorta was clamped for 3 hrs and the right femoral muscle tissue was cut to block the development of a collateral artery. In Group R6, the infra-renal abdominal aorta was clamped for 6 hrs and the right femoral muscle tissue was cut.In Group C, the controls, there was no clamping of the abdominal aorta and the right femoral muscle tissue was cut. In Group M, the medicated group, rats were pretreated with an LTB4 receptorantagonist, ONO-4057, just before reperfusion. Blood serum interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and aldolase were measured and compared in each of those 4 groups. We also examined the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in various organs (liver, heart and kidney) by immunohistochemistry. We found that IL-1β levels were low inall groups. CPK, aldolase and IL-8 levels after reperfusion in Group R6 significantly high compared with the levels in Group C (P <0.03 about CPK, P <0.05 about aldolase, and P <0.05 about IL-8). The levels of CPK, aldolase, and IL-8 in Group M were significantly lower than those in Group R6 (P <0.02 about CPK, P <0.04 about aldolase, and P <0.03 about IL-8). We determined immunohistochemically that the expression of ICAM-1 was positive on endothelial cells at the coronary artery and the small vein in Group R6 and that the expression of ICAM-1 was negative on endothelial cells in Group C. Those data suggested that ICAM-1 may play an important role in the progression of reperfusion injury, and the adhesion of neutrophilic leukocytes on endothelial cells may play a significant role in MNMS. LTB4 receptor antagonist may be useful for preventing reperfusion injury following acute aortic occlusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (11697K) -
TERUYUKI HIROHASHI2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 73-78
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study the effect of laser irradiation on normal lumbar discs, a 2100 nm Holmium (HO)-YAG laser irradiation was applied to the 83 lumbar discs of 23 adult rabbits. The extent of disc vaporization, the temperature changes in the surrounding tissues, and changes in the radiograph and MRI findings were assessed after laser irradiation. When laser irradiation was delivered to the discs, the disc weight decreased linearly with the increase in total laser energy, indicating steady vaporization of disc material. The temperature was highest at the site of the guide needle. Laser irradiation was delivered at 0.5 J/pulse or 1.4 Jlpulse X5 pulses/sec to the intervertebral discs, and radiographs and T2-weighted MRI of the irradiated discs were investigated at 1, 4, and at 12 weeks after irradiation. At 1 week after irradiation at 0.5 and 1.4 J/pulse, the radiographs showed a decrease in the disc height. At 12 weeks after irradiation at 0.5 J/pulse, the disc height had restored to normal, while the decrease was persistent after irradiation at 1.4 Jlpulse. At 1 week after irradiation, MRI showed a decrease in the signal intensity of discs treated at 0.5 Jlpulse, but the decrease was recovered at 12 weeks. After irradiation at 1.4 Jlpulse, the decrease in signal intensity was also recovered by 12 weeks, but the recovery was less than the recovery after treatment at 0.5 J/pulse. Laser irradiation is applicable for the treatment of intervertebral discs, but it is necessary to select the optimal operating conditions. It may also be necessary to change the power of irradiation according to the pathological condition of the disc being treated.View full abstractDownload PDF (4712K) -
YUZO MIYAZAKI2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 79-86
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the response of gastric motility to whole-body vibration (WBV) exposure, electrogastrography (EGG) and gastric manometry were performed in 10 healthy male volunteers . Sinusoidal vertical vibration of three different frequencies (4Hz, 8Hz, and 16Hz) with a constant vibration magnitude of 1.0 ms-2 (rms.) was randomly given to the subject seated on the platform of a vibrator for 10 min. Exposure to vibration of 4 and 8 Hz decreased the amplitude of EGG wave and of the power spectrum corresponding to a slow wave component at fasting state . Food intake (solid meal 80 g, 135 cm3, 400 kcal) enhanced gastric motility showing about 2.5-fold in the power spectrum, of which response modes during and after vibration exposure were similar to those at fasting state. The periodical manometric change around one cpm was observed during vibration exposure under the condition of food intake. Short-term exposure to WBV led to a suppression of the activity of gastric smooth muscles and affect contraction wave. These responses may result from resonance of vibration frequency as a mechanical factor and stomach contents, and increase regulation of neurohumoral factors due to vibration stress.View full abstractDownload PDF (5904K) -
A Case ReportNAOFUMI ERIGUCHI, SHIGEAKI AOYAGI, SHIGERU HAMADA, ICHIRO IMAMURA, MAH ...2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 87-90
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGastric stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumors, and such submucosal mass lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract occur frequently. A 54-year-old woman with no major complaint was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of a mass located between the stomach and the pancreas. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated a mass lesion which was located near the lesser curvature of the stomach. Selective left gastric arterial angiography revealed a hypervascular mass, and we diagnosed it as a leiomyosarcoma of the stomach. At laparotomy, there was a large solid mass 5 cm in diameter along the minor curvature of the stomach. Tumor resection with partial gastrectomy was performed, and the histological diagnosis was a gastric stromal tumor with CD34 immunoreactivity. We report a case of stromal tumor of the stomach with extramural growth and review the literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (3165K) -
EIKI TAYAMA, KOICHI ARINAGA, TAKESHI ODA, HIROSHI TOMOEDA, HIROSHI MAR ...2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 91-94
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 33-year-old male with sick sinus syndrome, who had received a pacemaker implant 18 years earlier, was complicated with a generator infection. Although the infected generator was removed, he was suffered from the recurrent local infection associated with a retained pacemaker lead. After a new pacemaker system implantation from the other side of the subclavian vein, we attempted to remove the lead utilizing a pacemaker removal kit. However, this intervention procedure was unsuccessful, because fibrous adhesions had developed around the lead, accompanied by calcification along its course. As a last resort, we opened the heart under extracorporeal circulation and removed the lead under direct vision. The post-operative course was uneventful. In order to remove a long-term implanted pacemaker lead, the direct surgical procedure with extracorporeal circulation is a favorable mean alternative to conventional intervention techniques.View full abstractDownload PDF (3314K) -
ATSUSHI NISHIYORI, KATSUHIRO FUKUDA, MICHIO SATA, KYUICHI TANIKAWA2000 Volume 47 Issue 1 Pages 95-96
Published: April 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1885K)
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