JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN
Online ISSN : 1881-1299
Print ISSN : 0021-9592
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Volume 18, Issue 3
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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  • THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAT EXCHANGER TYPE CHEMICAL REACTORS
    IJAZ HOSSAIN, JASIMUZ ZAMAN
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 193-199
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.193
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    Models for multitubular reactors with consideration of the heterogeneous character of the reactor tubes and the cross flow of coolant in the shell side have been developed. The models for the system have been solved for a variety of operating conditions and reactor configurations. The variation of operating conditions and configurations often leads to changes in positions of hot spot in terms of pass number, location in the pass and tube number. The results reveal the difficulties in the control of reactors while at the same time pointing to new options for the design and operation of the reactors.
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  • KINETICS OF CARBON DEPOSITION ON NICKEL METAL BY DECOMPOSITION OF CARBON MONOXIDE
    NOBORU SAKAI, TADASHI CHIDA, TEIRIKI TADAKI, JUNZO SHIMOIIZAKA
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 199-204
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.199
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    The kinetics of carbon deposition are reported for the temperature range 773-1023 K. A reaction model composed of adsorption and reaction steps is proposed and compared with experimental data. In this model the rate equation of carbon deposition takes into account the catalytic action of nickel. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The activation energy and the heat of adsorption of CO are 59.3kJ/mol and 61.7kJ/mol, respectively.
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  • TRANSPORT OF COPPER THROUGH A SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANE
    KATSUROKU TAKAHASHI, HIROSHI TAKEUCHI
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 205-211
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.205
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    An experimental study was carried out to elucidate the mechanism of ion transport through supported liquid membranes (SLM) and to approach liquid membrane separation in industrial uses. Two channels of 1 mm depth were prepared on both sides of a porous polymer sheet supporting extractant solution. Copper was permeated from the feed solution of copper sulfate into a strip solution of sulfuric acid through an SLM impregnated with kerosene solution of LIX65N as membrane solution. To stabilize the SLM the membrane solution was forced to flow with the strip solution. Such an operation mode allows enhancement of the rate of copper permeation, which is interpreted by a reduction in resistance for strip reaction due to sweeping the strip surface of the SLM with the membrane solution stream. The diffusion resistance of boundary film in the feed solution was significant for ion transport through the SLM in the present study.
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  • STATISTICAL REGRESSION AND CROSS-PREDICTION OF MULTICOMPONENT FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
    XI-YIN ZHENG, XI-HAO YANG, ZHENG-LAN ZONG, PING LI
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 211-219
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.211
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    The generalized maximum likelihood principle and other statistical regression techniques were applied to 21 sets of ternary LLE, VLE and VLLE data for estimating the pair parameters of three local-composition models (NRTL, UNIQUAC and a modified Wilson equation) and the corresponding fitting accuracies were compared. Results show that the correlation of multicomponent fluid-phase equilibria may be greatly improved by applying the maximum likelihood principle. Unique identifiability of the pair parameters for the constituent partially miscible system was observed in ternary data reduction.
    Furthermore, the reliability and limitation of cross-prediction among LLE, VLE and VLLE were investigated. The gap and interdependence between LLE and VLE are also discussed.
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  • STABILITY OF A RECOMBINANT PL AS MID CONTAINING α-AMYLASE GENE IN CHEMOSTAT
    SATORU MIZUTANI, SHINICHI FUKUZONO, NORIHIRO TSUKAGOSHI, SHIGEZO UDAKA ...
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 220-224
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.220
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    Continuous cultivation of Escherichia coli harboring a recombinant plasmid containing α-amylase gene was carried out, and the stability of the plasmid was examined under different cultivation conditions. E. coli maintained the plasmid stably when grown in L-broth medium. Production of α-amylase, however, decreased as the dilution rate increased. When the cells were grown in a synthetic medium (Davis medium) supplemented with glucose as a carbon source, the plasmid was unstable. Plasmid-free organisms, organisms harboring a plasmid having a deletion in α-amylase gene and organisms harboring the plasmid whose copy numbers decreased appeared along with organisms harboring an intact plasmid. When starch was used as a carbon source, the plasmid was reasonably stable.
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  • METHANE FORMATION AND WATER-GAS SHIFT REACTIONS OVER POTASSIUM CARBONATE LOADED ON COAL CHAR AT ELEVATED PRESSURE IN H2-CO-H20 SYSTEM
    SHOICHI KIMURA, SETSUJI TONE, TSUTAO OTAKE
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 225-230
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.225
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    The rate of methane formation over potassium carbonate catalyst loaded on coal char was measured at elevated pressure in the range 1.5-2.0 MPa in the H2-CO-H2O system. The rate of simultaneous progress of the water-gas shift reaction was also measured. The effect of gaseous components on these reactions was investigated to obtain the respective rate equations.
    The existence of H2O in the reactant gas decreased the rate of methane formation through CO hydrogenation and enhanced that through carbon hydrogenation. In the H2-CO-H2O system, the rate of carbon hydrogenation is comparable to that of the CO hydrogenation as reaction temperature becomes high and suitable for steam gasification.
    The fixed-bed gasification was carried out at 2 MPa and 1023 K, and the exit gas compositions were simulated on the basis of these kinetic data. The calculated results agreed fairly well with the experimental ones.
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  • CONSTANT-PRESSURE FILTRATION ON CYLINDRICAL SURFACES OF POWER-LAW NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
    TOSHIRO MURASE, KAZUMASA KOBAYASHI, EIJI IRITANI, KENJI ITO, MOMPEI SH ...
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 230-236
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.230
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    Two-dimensional constant-pressure filtration operations on cylindrical surfaces are investigated by using socalled power-law non-Newtonian fluids. On the basis of compression-permeability cell measurements, methods are represented for evaluating the filtration characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids by taking into consideration the internal flow-rate variation due to cake compressibility. To confirm the validity of the theory, filtration experiments are conducted with filter media of various radii by use of Hyflo Super-Cel suspended in 0.45 wt% sodium polyacrylate solutions with low N-values of about 0.3, and both filtrate volume with time and hydraulic pressure distributions within the cake are measured. It is shown that not only overall filtration characteristics but also internal cake structures can be well evaluated by the theory presented in this paper. It is also shown that filtrate volume variation can be easily evaluated by using the experimental results of the conventional uni-dimensional constant-pressure filtration on the basis of the so-called effective filtration area factor for incompressible cake.
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  • DISSOLUTION OF A BENZOIC ACID WALL INTO AQUEOUS ALKALINE SOLUTIONS FLOWING LAMINARLY IN A PARALLEL-PLATE DUCT
    JULIO H. EGOCHEAGA, MASAKO OKUNO, TOSHIKUNI YONEMOTO, TEIRIKI TADAKI
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 236-242
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.236
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    Mass transfer accompanied by dissolution of benzoic acid from the wall of a parallel-plate duct into aqueous alkaline solutions was studied, using a theoretical model based on diffusion equations. Chemical and ionic interactions of each species, together with diffusion and convection, are considered in this analysis. The theoretical equations were solved as an initial-value problem by using a finite-difference technique. Simultaneously, experiments were conducted under laminar-flow conditions to check the predicted overall rates of dissolution. The rate of dissolution of benzoic acid into KOH solutions was shown to be faster than that into LiOH solutions of equal concentration because of the larger mobility of the K+ ions. Under the conditions analyzed here, the agreement between theoretical and experimental overall rates of dissolution was excellent. This showed that the present theoretical analysis can be valid and useful in predicting rates of mass transfer in this kind of complex solidliquid dissolution systems.
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  • TURBULENT FLOW IN A SPRAY DRYING CHAMBER
    HIROMOTO USUI, YUJI SANO, YOSHIHIRO YANAGIMOTO, YOSHITO YAMASAKI
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 243-247
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.243
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    Turbulent flow in a spray drying chamber was analysed experimentally. Instantaneous fluctuating velocity was measured by a hot-wire anemometer with a split-film probe. This measurement enabled us to obtain the correct velocity field in the chamber without atomization. The turbulent fluctuation in the spray drying chamber was extremely larger than the usual turbulent level of free jet or tube flow. It is suggested that the large fluctuation can be attributed to the unsteady nature of the downward jet, caused by the interaction between the shape of the chamber and the downward jet.
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  • GAS HOLDUP AND VOLUMETRIC LIQUID-PHASE MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN SOLID-SUSPENDED BUBBLE COLUMN WITH DRAUGHT TUBE
    Kozo KOIDE, KAZUYOSHI HORIBE, HIROKAZU KAWABATA, SHIGETAKA ITO
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 248-254
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.248
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    The effects of column dimensions, gas velocity and properties of the liquid and the solid particles on the gas holdup εG and the volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient kLa in a solid suspended bubble column with a draught tube and a conical bottom were studied experimentally in a liquid-solid batch operation. The presence of suspended solid particles in the column reduces the values of εG and kLa, and their reduction due to the addition of solid particles to the column increases with increasing solid concentration and terminal velocity of a single particle. Based on these observations, empirical equations for εG and kLa are proposed which are applicable to columns with diameter of 0.1-0.3 m.
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  • LATERAL SOLID MIXING IN THE FLUIDIZED BED WITH MULTI-TUBES INTERNALS
    KUNIO KATO, YUKINORI SATO, DAISUKE TANEDA, TAKETOSHI SUGAWA
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 254-261
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.254
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    The lateral mixing of fluidized particles in a fluidized bed with vertical or horizontal multi-tube internals was investigated by the unsteady state behaviour of tracer particles. The behaviour of the tracer particles is analyzed by a one-dimensional diffusion model. The tracer particles were activated alumina on which zinc acetate was adsorbed. The lateral diffusion coefficient of the particles was strongly affected by the hydraulic diameter of the internals, the gas velocity and the minimum fluidized gas velocity of the particles.
    Empirical equations for the lateral diffusion coefficient of the particles in a fluidized bed with vertical or horizontal multi-tube internals were obtained.
    The lateral diffusion coefficient of solid particles in an ordinary fluidized bed was correlated by an empirical equation. Thermal diffusivity obtained from lateral thermal conductivity in the fluidized bed with multi-tube internals agreed with the lateral diffusion coefficient at the same fluidized conditions.
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  • EFFECT OF SYSTEM AGING ON RELEASE PROFILE OF RESERVOIR-TYPE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
    KAKUJI TOJO, YING SUN, Ym W. CHIEN
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 261-264
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.261
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  • A DYNAMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUIDITY FOR GAS-SOLID FLUIDIZATION
    SHIGEHARU MOROOKA, KATSUKI KUSAKABE, JIRO IGAKI, YASUO KATO
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 264-266
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.264
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  • EFFICIENT RECOVERY OF INTERMEDIATE HYDRAZINE IN GAS-PHASE PHOTOLYSIS OF AMMONIA BY ABSORPTION INTO FALLING FILM OF AQUEOUS AMMONIA
    HIROMU HAYASHI, TATSUYA OKAZAKI, TAKAHIRO FUJII, YOSHIAKI KONISHI
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 267-269
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.267
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  • AN INVESTIGATION OF THE COMMINUTION PROCESS OF A SCREEN MILL BASED ON DATA OF IMPACT CRUSHING
    YOSHIKAZU KUGA, JIRO KOGA, KENJI YAMAGUCHI, ICHIRO INOUE
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 270-273
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.270
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  • THERMAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF LIQUIDS AND THEIR MIXTURES FOR HYDROCARBONS AND ALCOHOLS
    KOJIRO OGIWARA, YASUHIKO ARAI, SHOZABURO SAITO
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 273-277
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.273
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  • HIGH-PRESSURE VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS BY USE OF THE CORRESPONDING-STATES PRINCIPLE
    FUAN-NAN TSAI, JANN-HWA SHYU
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 277-279
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.277
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  • LYSIS RATES OF FIBRIN CLOT BY PLASMIN
    Eizo SADA, SHIGEO KATOH, SHUNICHIRO HARA
    1985 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 280-282
    Published: June 20, 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.280
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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