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MAKOTO HARADA, MASATAKA TANIGAKI, WATARU EGUCHI
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
1-7
Published: March 15, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: March 28, 2006
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A simple viscosity relation for a multi-component liquid mixture was obtained by developing the relation based on statistical mechanics without using self-diffusivities. The important hypothesis employed in this work is that the average local strain energy in a binary liquid mixture displays the same density dependency as that in a single-component liquid. The viscosity of a mixture of more than three components can be divided into the contributions of the sub-binary mixtures extracted from the mixture. The viscosity of a regular solution can be estimated from the densities and viscosities of pure component liquids alone. The validities of the resultant viscosity relations were verified for several binary and ternary liquid mixtures. The viscosity of a non-regular solution was illustratively shown to be estimated by introducing an additional parameter.
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JUNJI TOKUNAGA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
7-10
Published: March 15, 1975
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From the solubility data of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol, a general correlation is obtained by plotting the excess quantities for the Ostwald coefficients averaged by volume fraction against the solution composition.
The relation between the excess quantities in aqueous solutions of an alcohol and the alcohol volume fraction in the mixed solvents is given by a curve regardless of the kind of solute gas. The relation is shown as a curve for each kind of alcohol in the solutions.
Qualitative similarity between the excess quantity and the ratio of the excess molar volume to the volume on ideal mixing for each aqueous alcohol solution is recognized and discussed.
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GEORGE J. BESSERER, DONALD B. ROBINSON
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
11-15
Published: March 15, 1975
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Vapor and liquid equilibrium phase compositions and refractive indices were determined for the isobutane-hydrogen sulfide binary system at 40.1°, 100.0°, 160.2°, and 220.0°F from the vapor pressure of isobutane to the vapor pressure of hydrogen sulfide or to pressures in the critical region for the system. The measured phase compositions and refractive indices were used to calculate the equilibrium phase molal volumes using the Lorentz-Lorenz refractivity relationship.
The saturated liquid phase exhibited a minimum in its refractive index at the three lower temperatures.
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TAKASHI HAYASHI, Kozo KOIDE, TAKANOBU SATO
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
16-20
Published: March 15, 1975
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The average diameter of bubbles generated from the porous plate in aqueous solution of organic substance and in a mixture of polar organic liquid and non-polar liquid were measured at various gas flow rates by taking photographs of bubbles.
An addition of organic substance to water or to an organic liquid of opposite polarity reduces the degree of bubble coalescence on and above the plate, and hence the bubble size. As the degree of bubble coalescence and hence the degree of reduction of bubble size depends on
da/dc1 of the solution and the diffusivity of the solute, an empirical equation for average bubble diameter is introduced, taking the above two properties into consideration.
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MASANOBU HASATANI, YASUO AOYAMA, SACHIO SUGIYAMA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
20-24
Published: March 15, 1975
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Iodine vapor was solidified on a supercooling surface of a spherical high-carbon steel separating from a nitrogen gas stream. A simple mathematical model was derived on the basis of macroscopic, quasi-steady state of heat and mass balances in the same manner as that by Brian
et al. The model was solved numerically by introducing a new hypothesis on the density of a newly deposited part of a frosting layer. By comparing the calculated results with the experimental results, it was concluded that the present model is fully useful for engineering calculations. Also, an interesting result was obtained by correlating the frosting rate with the heat and mass transfers across the frost layer, namely, that total weight of iodine frost increases with time at an almost constant rate during a fairly long period.
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PHYSICAL ABSORPTION OF CO2 INTO WATER OR AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS
KAKUSABURO ONDA, HIROSHI TAKEUCHI, MICHIHIKO FUJINE
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
25-29
Published: March 15, 1975
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The absorption rate of CO
2 into water or aqueous electrolyte solution was measured by a diaphragm cell, in which the hydrodynamics may be assumed to satisfy the film model assumption. It is verified that the apparatus is useful for the study of gas absorption, provided that the diaphragm is wettable and moreover is pre-wetted with the absorbent.
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ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF ESTERS IN AQUEOUS NaOH SOLUTION
KAKUSABURO ONDA, HIROSHI TAKEUCHI, MICHIHIKO FUJINE, YASUO TAKAHASHI
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
30-34
Published: March 15, 1975
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The reaction rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis of esters such as isoamyl formate, "butyl formate and ethyl chloroacetate were determined by a diaphragm cell. It was found that the experimental results agree well with those in the literature, and that the apparatus is applicable to the study of mass transfer between liquid-liquid phases as well as gas-liquid phases.
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TADASHI SHIROTSUKA, MASAHIRO ISHIWATA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
35-39
Published: March 15, 1975
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In the application of bubble fractionation techniques to the elimination of heavy metal ions from industrial waste water, a vast amount of coexisting cations should obstruct the elimination of heavy metal ions. The object of this investigation is the selective elimination of cadmium from aqueous solution containing cadmium and calcium by bubble fractionation. The selective elimination ratio
Es was used to find the possibility of selective elimination:
Es=Γ(Me
1)/Γ(Me
2)
Complex formation method and precipitate formation method were used to eliminate cadmium selectively by bubble fractionation. The most efficient selective elimination was achieved with DBS and 9.5≤pH≤11. In this condition, selective elimination ratios ranging from 4 to 12 were obtained.
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MITSUO MURATA, SHOZABURO SAITO
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
39-45
Published: March 15, 1975
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Pyrolysis of normal paraffins (propane,
nn-butane,
n-hexane,
n-heptane, and
n-octane) and 1-olefins (1-hexene and 1-heptene) were carried out by using a flow-type apparatus. Hydrocarbons were highly diluted with nitrogen and pyrolyzed over a wide range of conversion at 700°C and under atmospheric pressure. The experimental results clearly showed a self-inhibition effect for pyrolysis of normal paraffins, while it was not significant in 1-olefin pyrolysis.
On the basis of experimental results, a simulation model to predict product distributions has been developed by taking into account a self-inhibition coefficient. The model can well predict the amounts of pyrolytic products from normal paraffin and 1-olefin pyrolysis over a wide range of conversion.
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KUNIO SHINOHARA, TATSUO TANAKA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
46-50
Published: March 15, 1975
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A simple device was newly developed to measure tensile strength of cohesive powders by using a chemical balance, split half cells and a load with water supplied. It could further be modified in the detecting and loading system for general purpose. From the test results the present device was proved to be useful in practice.
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KUNIO SHINOHARA, TATSUO TANAKA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
50-56
Published: March 15, 1975
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Based on the model of non-uniform packing structure of powder mass, ultimate tensile strength of cohesive powder was evaluated by the cohesive force in the closest packing portion of the mass. As the cohesive tensile strength is given as the product of the number of particles, the co-ordination number of particle and the cohesive force between particles, it increases with moisture content and with decreasing void fraction. Experiments by means of our direct-tensiletest device verified the present analysis.
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KAORU UMEYA, RYUICHI HARA, JUNICHI KIKUTA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
56-62
Published: March 15, 1975
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Shearing tests on powders in a two-dimensional model were carried out for the purpose of determining the translational, rotational, rolling, and sliding movements of individual particles in a piled bed. These microscopic measurements were made by direct observation of the front surface of a two-dimensional bed and were used to calculate the overall stress-strain (τ/σ-d) relation. These calculated results were in reasonable agreement with the experimental (macroscopic) stress-strain curves.
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OSATO MIYAWAKI, HIROO TSUJIKAWA, Yuzo URAGUCHI
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
63-68
Published: March 15, 1975
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A degree of micro-mixing with a clear physical meaning is introduced to construct a universal reaction model which is applicable to reactions of any order. The model was applied to the multi-nozzle mixing system with two kinds of reaction system, CO
2-NH
3 and CO
2-NaOH, and was proved to explain the experimental results fairly well. The model was further applied to the batch tank reactor with alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate. Also in this case, the trial was successful to some extent though some simplification was made during its course.
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MITSUYASU HIRANUMA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
69-70
Published: March 15, 1975
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ISAMU NAGATA, TOSHIRO YAMADA, KATSUJI GOTOH, KENJI KAZUMA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
71-72
Published: March 15, 1975
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TAMOTSU KAMIYA, AKIRA KAYANO
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
72-74
Published: March 15, 1975
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K. M. CHAKRABARTI, S. K. GHOSHAL
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
74-75
Published: March 15, 1975
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IN THE ABSENCE OF MASS AND HEAT TRANSFER
KAZUNORI WATANABE, TSUYOSHI MUNAKATA, AKIRA MATSUDA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
75-77
Published: March 15, 1975
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ABSORPTION OF CO2 INTO AQUEOUS NaOH SOLUTION
KAKUSABURO ONDA, HIROSHI TAKEUCHI, MICHIHIKO FUJINE, YOJI MAKING
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
78-79
Published: March 15, 1975
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MOTOYUKI SUZUKI, KUNITARO KAWAZOE
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
79-81
Published: March 15, 1975
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TATSUO TANAKA
1975 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages
82-83
Published: March 15, 1975
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