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Junko Sanada
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
601-606
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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Tokyo Park System is the first master plan of land use in Japan and it's important in the history of Japanese Park System. The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the process and intention of the plan. Tokyo Park System had two independent plans. One was “Green Belt Ring Plan” and the other was “Park Ring Plan”.“Green Belt Ring Plan” had an aim to stop the city from exaggerating. “Park Ring Plan” was a plan for recreation. Finally “Green Belt Ring Plan” was adopted. But the selection of the area was based on “Park Ring Plan”, so the area which has good scenery like waterfront was chosen.
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Marco Amati, Makoto Yokohari
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
607-612
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The present research looks into the plan review of local authorities in the London green belt. Previous research has implied that the planning of the green belt is dominated by conflict between groups that try to influence the system. Specifically, we aim to question this, by identifying which groups influence policy-making, and the local planning process. The results of the research are as follows. We show that despite the higher participation of the local groups, their influence is significantly less. That regional groups appear to have the highest levels of participation and influence on the planning process. Finally, we show that sooner than being in direct conflict, the regional groups share similar opinions about the green belt. This finding contrasts with previous studies by showing that the interaction of the groups is more complex than expected.
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Case of London Squares
Aya Sakai
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
613-618
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper examines the process of the preservation of London's small urban open spaces “square”, in order to discuss how to establish concepts and strategies to preserve privately owned small open spaces in the nineteenth and the early twentieth century's Metropolis. The paper focuses on, firstly, the developing activities of social reformers, particularly the work of the Metropolitan Public Gardens Association, and secondly, on the political strategies to prevent from developments on private open spaces by the establishments of two acts, Open Space Act of 1906 and London Square Preservation Act of 1931. This detailed study of preservation of London Square is placed in the broader context of consideration of the evaluation of existing small urban open spaces in the modern metropolis.
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Yusuke Kobayashi, Mikiko Ishikawa
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
619-624
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study is to present the analytical method of the forest agglomeration based on detailed mesh units. For this purpose, 1st Agglomeration Index and 2nd Agglomeration Index are proposed. 1st Agglomeration Index is based on Gravity Model, and evaluated by size, adjacency-separation and shape per detailed mesh unit. 2nd Agglomeration Index is based on Multihop Connectivity Matrix, Gravity Model and 1st Agglomeration Index, and evaluated by agglomeration per detailed mesh unit. Using these methods, this study is applied to Konan Ward in Yokohama City. Based on this analysis, it is clarified that the forest agglomeration per detailed mesh unit can be analyzed by using 2nd Agglomeration Index.
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Toward ecological network planning in urban area
Tomohiro Ichinose
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
625-630
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The influence of the vegetation and surrounding land use on the bird distribution in the wintering season was analyzed in order to develop a method of ecological network planning in urban area. The bird distributions were surveyed by line transects method with mapping observed points from December 2002 to February 2003 in the west part of Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture, Central Japan. The relationship between species and surrounding land uses of observed points was analyzed by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The result showed it is necessary for the appearance of forest species that forest is the most dominant land use (over 50 %) in the surrounding area. Shrub and herb layers are also impotant for the appearence of some species.
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As an indicator of Birds-biodiversity
Shogo Mizukami
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
631-636
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In urban area, creation of nature is demanded because there is little natural environment where it is to be conserved or renatured. In this study, creation of nature in storm-water reservoir for flood control which is considered to be one of urban artificial ground was investigated. Birds-biodiversity was used as an index of the richness of Nature. The purpose of this study is to make clear the relation ship between birds-biodiversity and environmental condition. As a result, birds-biodiversity is affected mostly by reservoir area and vegetation. In addition, it is affected by influence of human. It is considered that recovery of vegetation is a factor contributing to creation of nature. It is suggested that regulation of utilization is necessary to conserve of nature.
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Takashi Watanabe, Makoto Yokohari, Ryuto Matsuzawa
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
637-642
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This research identifies the present agricultural management activities of Tokyo's local municipalities in encouraging voluntary or subsidized cooperation with farmers and urban residents. The results of the study show that more than half the number of farmers in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area carried out agricultural management in cooperation with urban residents. In addition, farmers that engaged in the program with enthusiasm saw improvements in management and productivity. Finally, local municipalities were classified into three types based on a ratio of farmers that are proactive in their efforts to involve residents in agricultural management.
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Shogo Sato, Yuichi Sato,, Tetsuya Yoshida
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
643-648
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This case study is to clalify a developping process of a new participatory project of Kyoto City Office for renovating small playgrounds over a period of 3 years, and to investigate what structures of the public involve-ment program influence aspects of management. Participant numbers and other indexes of management conditions in 13 cases were analyzed. Our conclusions are; (1) scale of the numbers becomes larger from the first term to the second, by clarification of the level of the project goals and program steps, (2) specific aspects of PI programs, especially continuative discussion settings and various occasions for local people to participate in, are necessary.
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Satoshi Otani, Yoshisuke Nakaoka
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
649-654
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to clarify the trend of modernization of the dwelling in Ubud, a handicraft village in Bali Island. For the purpose, we try to make clear the trend of following items in the dwelling : 1) space composition, 2) furniture, 3) object. In Ubud, although rebuilding and new building in the dwelling are performed according to the use which needs by the dwellers on each time, it is always performed considering the technique of NAWASANGA -traditional space concept- as an underlay. As for modernistic furniture and object, although the considerable number is already exist in the dwelling, it does not change the composition of the dwelling.
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Yungmin Kim, Masanori Sawaki, Kunihiro Narumi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
655-660
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study is aimed to consider the vision of housing complex development in suburb and the improvement on environment of nature inside and outside suburb housing complex in future, from view of the suburban inhabitants about the traditional Korean view of nature. As a result, we suggest that: the development of small size and low-rise on housing complex; the location of houses that has hills at the back, on the way of development suburb housing complex. And, on the vision of the improvement of park and greenery, it is suggested to create Enrim (the forest of garden) in housing complex and preserve the environment of nature around housing complex.
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By Evaluation on Settings of Detached Housing Site Frontage in Restoration Area
Hisako Koura, Masanori Sawaki, Kunihiro Nrumi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
661-666
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The transformation of townscpe in residential area usually advances moderately. We used field research and a qestionnaire to grasp residents evaluation of neighborhood townscape. Three issues emerged. One is determination of site frontage settings is influenced not only by housing product information but also by local context. The second is the confusion of local townscape results in the mismatch between expected future and desirable locality of townscape. The third is to creat new design that preserve the characteristics of local settings is important for sustainablility of local environment.
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A Case Study on Hachiman Area
Takahiko Tokuse, Masanori Sawaki, Kunihiro Narumi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
667-672
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study aims to grasp the influence of appointment to Conservation district of traditional buildings in the surrounding area in Hachiman area of Omihachiman City. This study analyzed present condition of altered outward form and reference of that. As a result of this paper, in spite of no administrative force, some refered to the buildings in Hachiman Conservation district, and recently the number of people who wanted to refer to the buildings in Hachiman Conservation district was increasing.
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Case Study on Landscape Ordinances in Setagaya, Tokyo
Masayo Okada, Atsushi Matsumoto, Shinya Chiba, Erica Sakai
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
673-678
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper aims to introduce and think the effect and the two cooperative works by the Setagaya residents and government. They worked together both designing the process and selecting Assets by the flexible use of regulations. The findings of this study are: From the first cooperation; 1) Residents who designed the process of selection of Assets acted their part and realized it. 2) Residents designed the process grasping their needs. From the second cooperation; 3) Many actors diminished tendentious of an estimation on a selection. 4) Residents who had never taken part in community design could take part in the process. Residents making community landscape activity needs new cooperative works by residents and government. So, the assignment for Landscape Forum is to be a platform of new cooperation.
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A Case Study of Shirakawa-mura, Gifu-pref.
Nobu Kuroda, Ryohei Ono
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
679-684
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In a process of developing tourist sites, existing resources are encoded as consumer signs for tourists. Shirakawa-mura became a tourist destination in 1970's affected by “Discover Japan Campaign”, and it is also a village governors' intention at a same time. General cognition of tourism resources has been transformed from fossil historic resource to living historic buildings; and it causes transformation of resources selected by local administration. After approved as a tourism site, local administration has constructed many facilities for tourists, however, they have not been encoded as consuming object for tourists. It is essential for tourism planning to be aware the interrelationship between tourist “gazes” and self-identification
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Shoichiro Sendai, Hisa Yokoyama
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
685-690
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study aims to clarify the problems of the landscape of tourism in a city, and analyzes the change process of the bus route about the scheduled sightseeing bus in Hiroshima City started from 1954. Through the documents that the bus company applies for the change of bus routes, we could restore the 14 kinds of the historical bus route and its reductive process. The result shows the change of the route reflects on the requests of customers who ask for more compact sightseeing. Thus the landscape of tourism is limited in the center of Hiroshima City and the identity of the City still depends on the tourist resource of a period of reconstruction for War-Damage.
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Yuki Higashihara, Hikaru Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Marumo
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
691-696
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the characteristics of Osaka as an international tourist city through the analysis of the package tour plans to Japan from Taiwan and South Korea. For Japanese, Osaka is not so popular city as Kyoto or Kobe as a place for urban tourism in Kansai district. In contrast with that case, Osaka has the second largest share in the total numbers of foreign visitors to Japan, next to Tokyo. Three patterns of the tours are abstracted from 12 routes of package plan which contains Osaka as a place to visit, and comparison of the tours between Taiwan and South Korea are made, and the difference of the position of USJ in their package plans are referred.
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Susanne Elfferding, Morio Uzuki
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
697-702
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In Germany, street cafes directly help creating a lively atmosphere and make a town centre attractive, and indirectly they also can help stimulating the economy in the town centre.
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Case study on commercial area of Nodong-dong Street in Kyung-ju, Korea
Young-hwan Lee, Haruhiko Goto, Chang-ho Lee
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
703-708
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The purposes of this study are to analyze streetscape of the commercial area of Kyung-Ju, a Korean provincial city, and to clarify its characteristics. On this paper, analysis of current streetscape and its history of formation was made. We have also clarified existence of sign-architecture, style of building that is the combination of buildings of Colonial age of Japan and signboard of commercialism symbol. Although there were no specific plan of development at the research area, streetscape of human scale was formed.
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Yoshihiro Sasaki, Takashi Ogasawara, Ryuichi Akatani, Akira Ando, Masa ...
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
709-714
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the impact of landscape improvement projects of castle with castle tower restoration. In this paper, the effect of landscape improvement project was measured by a hedonic approach focusing on sight distance for a case study of Shirakawa castle in Fukushima prefecture. The analytical data used public notification land price and standard ground land price of the 1991 to 2002. As a result of analysis, the effect of landscape improvement project was quantified in the area of short distance view and middle distance view. It was confirmed that a hedonic approach was available for estimating the effects of a castle landscape improvement projects.
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Masamichi Kawakami, Mitsuru Senda, Ryuzo Ohno
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
715-720
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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One of the main reasons that make urban space attractive comes from its diversity. Considering the relations between the buildings that make units will be valid for understanding the urban space that can be controlled by architecture. It was confirmed that one building can have various points of view, by focusing on the reason why one perceived the units which included one particular building. Next, by examining the relations of the buildings in an unit, it was found that if the unit is somehow independent from the surroundings, the relations will mostly be related by the surface of the building. Contrary, if it is not independent they were related by the layout in the area.
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Fumiko Perry, Kazuhiko Sakakibara, Yoshikazu Fukui
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
721-726
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify space perception within urban interiors by observing subjects' eye movements under a virtual reality environment and to outline a more detailed relationship between urban interior space elements and spaciousness. The experiment collects eye mark data as subjects evaluate an urban interior space within a VR environment. Then eye fixation behavior is analyzed based on (1) the relationship between the form of the space and eye mark distribution, (2) eye fixation frequency due to interior space elements, and (3) eye mark movement between interior elements. The relationship between space perception and eye fixation behavior is analyzed with the results reveiling directions to further investigate what are the salient factors related to spaciousness and urban interiors.
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Yuka Himeno, Seiji Sato, Yuji Kobayashi, Kwi-Hwan Kim
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
727-732
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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Preserving and using “impressive landscape” are as important as making “beautiful landscape” in tourism resorts. But the two landscapes have different character each other. And there are seldom the studies on impressive landscape. The purpose of this study is to make clear characteristics of impressive landscape fields on non-daily space like tourism resort. Then we obtain the tendency of Image Vocabulary that explain impressive landscape fields and classify impressive landscape fields with the image vocabulary. Next we make clear the physical characteristic of Impressive landscape fields using image sketches. At last we present the information to arrange the impressive landscape field on non-daily space.
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Current state of Coastal Environment Management and Public-Private opinions in Okinawa Pref.
Masato Yamazaki, Norihisa Yokouchi, Tomohide Okada
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
733-738
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study seeks to propose a new coastal environment control system that utilizes private beaches, and to examine its realization possibility. As the site for research, we chose Okinawa Prefecture, where autonomous coastal management by private business enterprises is seen, and we conducted interview research on coastal managers and six resort hotel operators, to learn their environmental management consciousness, and about local needs for such management. As a result of the research, it turned out that private enterprises, which will be the main executors of the environmental management, hope for private beaches in order to clearly set the scope for the environmental management.
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Yoshihiko Goto, Hikaru Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Marumo
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
739-744
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the spatial characteristics of a fishing village in the Shino isle, and to investigate how they were formed and have changed. We also discuss the factors which maintain the spatial identity of the village in the Shino isle in spite of the overwhelming tides to homogenize local characters everywhere. The spatial characters of the village appear in two phases in the Shino isle; the unique facades of houses and the formation of SEKO (extremely narrow and winding alleys). As for the facades of houses, KAKOI(wrapping), DEMADO(bay window), and colorful wall paintings are identified as elements which make their facades so special.
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Tomoko Umaki
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
745-750
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The purpose of this article is to clarify how the sense of beauty was generated in modernization of Tokyo through the Meiji era. The analysis of articles about beauty was conducted on the basis of the investigation into the process of reconstruction and repairs on Nihonbashi Bridge that was representative of modernization. The results of this study are as follows; There were two characteristic dynamisms. One was beauty of the bridge itself, found as its novel form of beauty in the early Meiji era. This came to mean decorative design of bridges. The other was beauty of district including the decorative bridge. This came to require controls on beauty of district after the reconstruction of Nihonbashi Bridge in 1911.
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Fujio Hirata, Sheauchi Cheng
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
751-756
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In Japan, during the past few years, community gardens have been used to promote community development. Usually these gardens are small open spaces designed and constructed with public participation, and are perceived and used as parks. Using community gardens to foster community development was originated in the United States, and currently function well in every state. This case study investigates the management and structure of community gardens in San Francisco and the sense of community that shared among gardeners. We found that: 1) the Japanese definition of community garden differs from the definition of community garden in San Francisco; instead, San Francisco community gardens have a closer resemblance to the Japanese rental farms, 2) San Francisco community garden coordinators play an
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Nao Murakami, Masatake Murahashi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
757-762
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In this research, the actual running condition of SPDP is clarified by analyzing the background of system adoptions, the purposes, and the contents of the plan for the introductory example of SPDP. Moreover by analyzing the site situation and the renewed buildings of the applied area, the effectiveness to urban landscape formation is analyzed and the application effect is clarified. Finally, this research aims at clarifying the effect and problems of SPDP.
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Case Study on Kofu City
Toshiki Kobayashi, Toshinori Mizuguchi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
763-768
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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This study aims to grasp the backgrounds and influence of large-scale retail stores' closing and to consider the factor which reached reuse of land through analysis of the process. As a result, it found out the factor of the reuse of land and a subject such as need of the citizen participation. When downtown area revitalization was taken into consideration, it is necessary to act Machizukuri by reuse of land. So the movement of Machizukuri of the circumference where it originates in the reuse of land has been grasped. As that result, there are three subjects, deviation of interest and concern, adjustment and cooperation during an organization, double structure of the plan.
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An Instance Report of the Moving of Hiroshima University
Jingsong Xu, Norioki Ishimaru
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
769-774
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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It is planned to construct university campus and its related facilities during a fixed period in a specified ground. Comparing with it, the construction of students' housing is almost hold in a civil level. The scale of ground is large, and it is difficult to control. In the proposed report, we give an instance of the moving of Hiroshima University to make clear the circumstances and realities of constructing of students' housing with its moving. Moreover, we would like to make it useful to supply the information for the future construction of students' housing with the moving of university.
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Study of human behavior analysis by mobile information devices in Hybrid aquarium
Akio Shimaoka, Mamoru Taniguchi, Taichiro Ikeda
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
775-780
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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Urban renewal for Japanese local cities is urgent and difficult task. This research aims to provide the new guideline for local cities to develop more sustainable urban form, namely consolidated residential areas effectively. The guideline is composed from packages of indicators such as gasoline consumption, duration in town, social mix of residents, resident's demands for urban improvement and so on. It could cover all types of Japanese local residential areas. The menu system is also adopted to achieve higher operationality.
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Makoto Tsukai, Makoto Okumura
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
781-786
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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Development of inter-city transportation network a_ects on business network structure of firms. This paper suggests a reverse analysis of Japanese business network structure from observed business trip patterns in 1990 and 1995. Firms are classified in to two groups; one is nation-wide firms which provide service to all Japan through hierarchical head-branches-customers network, and the other is local firms whose interactions can be captured by gravity model. Such proportions of several types of nation-wide and local firms are statistically estimated. The result shows that decrease of nation-wide firms with headquarter in Tokyo, and that decentralization are going on. At last, estimated change of branch o_ce functions are compared with the change of managing labors in each sub-region.
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A Case Study of A Land Readjustment Project in Tamaho-cho, Yamanashi Prefecture
Qingyun Yang, Toshiyuki Hanaoka, Kaoru Horiuchi, Katsumi Nakamura, Hir ...
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
787-792
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper is a case study about an urban improvement project of a small local town. We explained a new trial of implementation of a land readjustment project in Tamaho-cho Yamanashi Prefecture. Firstly the trial was explained through describing the contents of the project on coherence and comprehensiveness of urban planning, techniques introduced, and financing & validity from the point of view of the city management. Secondly it was explained through describing implementation system that was employed in launching the conception, planning and practice of the project.
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In the Case of Harihata area Kutsuki-mura Shiga Prefecture.
Shinya Uekuri, Yasuyuki Sasatani
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
793-798
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In this study, in the case of Harihata area Kutsuki-mura Shiga Prefecture, the changes of traditional land use and form of forest were able to be quantitatively clarified natural roadleaf tree wood and reduction of the broadleaf tree wood of short growth, expansion of the broadleaf tree wood of sufficient growth and a Japan cedar wood with using GIS. And the regional resouces was able to drawn, and resources connection adapted to traditional land use was able to be expressed according to eight space classifications. Changes of regional environment after the 1960s were able to be clarified with rupture of resources connection of four types. As the technique of reconstruction the resources connection, it proposed about practical use of the woody biomass, and introduction of a cow.
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The Definition, Location and Spatial Structure of Fishery Port established by Academic Discourse
Yoshihiro Doi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
799-804
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This thesis aims to clarify the formation of the discourse on fishery port established by academic discourse before the Act of fishery port through the historical materials analysis. Results are as follows. 1. The fishery port was defined as port for fishery use in a broad sense, as port with the highest capacity of fishery production in the narrow sence. 2. The location of fishery port had to be close to fishery ground, have specific natural conditions and means of transportation between there and the many consumers' area. 3. The fishery port needed specific faculties, which had to connect with each other and have specific form. 4. The academic discourse formulated the spatial system of fishery industry by connecting smoothly from the fishery ground to many consumers'area with such as fishery port.
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Daisuke Kato, Kunihiro Narumi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
805-810
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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After the open economy policy, rapid urbanization has been going on in Hanoi city. Free land-use is coming up with the open economy, without sufficient legislation system. From this situation degradation of living environment is anticipated in the future. In this paper, firstly we grasp the situation of the legislation system concerning acquisition of landed property and development of land in the term of the rapid development after Doi Moi in Hanoi. Secondly, using topographic maps of 1:10,000 on the time points of 1983 and 1996, we analyze the land-use change during these years. As a result, we make the characteristics of urbanization, the change of water surface region and the change of village part clear. At the last, we clarified the problem and subject of urban development in Hanoi.
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Three Cases of Plan Making Activities
Kunio Yamaguchi, Shun-ichi J. Watanabe
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
811-816
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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Many studies show citizen's proposals that are in accordance with the draft master plan have been successfully incorporated into the final master plan. But how about those proposals that are against the draft master plan. In this paper, we chose three cases where citizen's proposals were made to alter partly the draft master plan. In the process of incorporating or rejecting the proposals, they were not only carefully evaluated against the draft master plan but also against such existing basic plans as the Policies for Improvement, Development or Conservation and the Municipal Basic Plan, which worked their binding force in various ways.
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Kensuke Katayama, Takashi Onishi, Tetsuo Kidokoro, Fumihiko Seta
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
817-822
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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In this study, I focus on the impact of European spatial policy and planning on the U.K. spatial planning system, as a case study to find the changing of spatial planning system under regional integration. First, I summarized the proceeding of European regional policy and spatial planning. In Chapter3, it is written that 1) the regional organizations were established by regionalism which raised by mainly EU regional policy, and 2) EU policy are taken account into Regional Planning Guidances. In Chapter4, it is made clear that National Plan thinking have been appeared after final agreement of ESDP. In conclusion, as European-level and regional-level are getting more important, the National Plan will have a role as a “conduit” between EU level and regional/local level, and national framework to regional planning.
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The Types and actual condition of Homepage
Kazunori Takagi, Mitsuhiko Kawakami
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
823-828
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This paper studies the actual conditions of planning information disclosure for Municipality Master Plan (MMP) using Internet web system in Japan, based on surveys of homepages. As result of the study, those are clarified that a quarter of municipalities have homepages of MMP, and its ratio is greater for the larger municipalities and increasing every year. The master plan homepage (MPHP) by the municipalities has various types as the system. We classified the homepages into 11 types considering the application of hyperlink. Experiment was done using the typical MPHP types against university students, and the effect of link system were studied. It is concluded that the hyperlink connecting the same class has good effect for operation and reference by users.
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Case Study of Portland Central City Plan, Oregon, U.S.A.
Akito Murayama, Hideki Koizumi, Junichiro Okata
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
829-834
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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Techniques of leading spatial solution in urban spatial planning are important in creating attractive urban space that contribute to quality of life. Taking the case of Portland Central City Plan, this paper aims to identify the techniques applied in leading spatial solution. The authors focus on the “draft plan development” aspect of urban spatial planning and analyze how the techniques were applied in leading spatial solution. Following techniques were identified: (1) making a distinction between common and non-common elements and handling them separately, (2) studying and presenting alternative plans, (3) narrowing down the choices of alternatives and (4) designing the process. These techniques were related not only to the “draft plan development” aspect of urban spatial planning but also to the others.
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Case study of city master plan making process in Fukaya
Kazuhisa Sugisaki, Hideki Koizumi, Junichiro Okata
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
835-840
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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Public outreach program is one of the most important aspect of plan making process by citizen participation. The purpose of paper is to acquire knowledge of effects which plan making process by citizen participation gives to public outreach program. The following points are considered; 1. Public outreach program which clarified the target is effective. 2. Public outreach program at early plan making process is effect those who are potentially interested in machizukuri are made to evoke. 3.Large-scale public outreach program is effective tool of information offer.
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Theories of the mental hospital location and arrangement in the Meiji and Taisho eras
Shutaro Koyama
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
841-846
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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The purpose of the thesis is to reveal the institution of city mental hospitals in the Meiji and Taisho eras. The way of study insists that we have the medical and social functions of mental hospitals and notice the relation between the functions, arrangement and location. As a conclusion, the two typed hospitals are classified by a medical function and the locations such as cities or villages have important meaning to the standard of classification. Secondly, the social function needs the public mental hospitals in the city. Third, in discussing mental hospital law, mental hospitals are classified by the population and are planed in good environment and convenient location in the city.
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Yasushi Goto
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
847-852
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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This study deals with the influence of Taiwan Street Improvement on Yokohama Earthquake Disaster Reconstruction Plan through analyzing the activities of MAKI, Hikoshichi in Taiwan. His Yokohama Earthquake Disaster Reconstruction Plan was characterized by promenade. In Taipei that he experienced as civil engineer for the first time, promenades were also introduced. This study pointed out a commonality of promenades in Yokohama and Taipei, and confirmed that Maki was a member of the committee that drew up the promenade plan of Taipei. From the above, this study concluded that Taipei Street Improvement may have influence on Yokohama Earthquake Disaster Reconstruction Plan.
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Naoto Nakajima
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
853-858
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to trace the development of the word Fuchi-Kyokai(Scenic District Association). In the latter half of 1920s, the new idea of preservation including both protection and development came to be advocated mainly by landscape architects. Before 1930s, the plan to establish organizations for preserving beautiful sceneries in scenic districts was generated from this new idea of preservation. In 1932, the first association based on this new idea was formed in Tokyo Pref. This association, different from other existing organizations on the point of the connection of scenic district, had new name Fuchi-Kyokai. After then, the word Fuchi-Kyokai spread and some associations named Fuchi-Kyokai came to be organized in other prefectures.
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Focusing on a case of the confrontation between the subjects in City of Kobe
Maki Morimoto
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
859-864
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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The purpose of this study is to clarify the history of the beneficiary assessment under the Old City Planning Law, focusing on the case of the confrontation between the subjects in City of Kobe. Every city had its own detailed regulation to make the system practical and effective. Regarding the regulation as a method for this study, it is found that the history of the system is classified into three phases; enactment, execution, and reexamination phase. As a conclusion, the characteristic of the system results not from the the Old City Planning Law but from the regulation of each city. Various movements by the subejects caused by problems of the regulation made the system lose its effect.
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Nobuharu Suzuki
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
865-870
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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Aesthetic District is the one of the oldest measure to control townscape in the Japanese City Planning System, which began with the establishment of Urban Area Building Act and Former City Planning Act in 1919. In this paper, the author tries to clarify the concept of Aesthetic District System by focusing on the legislative process of Building Standard Act from 1946 to 1950. In the early period of the process, revision of Aesthetic District System was intended to make it enable to create good townscape. But it was not realized by several reasons such as the delay of the revision of Former City Planning Act.
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A Case Study of Meguro Ward, Tokyo
Yoshikazu Ikeda, Akira Soshiroda, Takashi Tsutsumi
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
871-876
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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This paper targets on 3 types of Japanese folk monument in Meguro ward, Tokyo, and clarified the best way for those monuments to be sustained in the urban space with the view point of community. The conclusions are as follows; 1) Because of the urban development, many of the monuments have been moved, and the manager has been changed. 2) The monuments under good management are supervised by the group of inhabitant. 3) The manager of well maintained monument also has problems that the members get aged or the number decreases. 4) The monuments are grouped into 4 types of the management and the activity, and community-core type is the best in urban space.
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Jinsei Ishikawa, Hikaru Kinoshita, Hiroyuki Marumo, Shinsuke Nagatomo
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
877-882
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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This paper aims to clarify fundamental conditions of endogenous development in the Saijo festival through the analysis of the management form which consists of three viewpoint, 1) dedication of floats, 2) types of owners and participants, 3) the local community which maintain the festival. First of all, the number of floats has increased about twice in twenty years with maintaining the traditional style of the festival. Secondly, a group of owners is coincident with the local community, but on the other hand participants are allowed to carry a float beyond the local community. Finally, the local community is identified as the spatial and social character and has a role of supporting the increase of floats and participants.
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A Case of Pusan, Korea
Aika Sugawara, Teruhiko Yoshimura, Shun-ichi J. Watanabe
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
883-888
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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Nowadays the importance of Machi-Zukuri is widely recognized in Japan. On the other hand, in Korea, a new term “Maulmandulgi” which is equal to Japanese Machi-Zukuri was created in the mid-1990s. The aim of this paper is clarify some characteristics of Korean Machi-Zukuri. Now many citizen groups do self-help Machi-Zukuri activities. Their purpose is not to establish democratic government anymore but to improve their living environment. In “Onchunchun Movement” in Pusan,citizen groupscooperated withresidents' organizations. Citizen groups can be driving forcesto improve the living environment because of their skills and know-how to promote Machi-Zukuri.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
889-894
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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We attempt to recognize and analyze basically children territories' shape inthis paper. We conducted research workshop using Gulliver Map method with primary school children and take territory data for the first time. The dates are analyzed comparing with physical space apparatus and social boundary. As results, some physical space apparatus show particular character, like wide roads tend to be territory boundaries, parks are involving territory form the very first step of territory shape, and firm lands would not be a fascinate space for children. The location of children's' house in the school district have an influence on direction of territory's shape.
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General Analysis of State-of-the-Art Survey Data
Xiwei Yang, Mitsuru Senda, Tsutomu Yata, Norie Miwa, Hisashi Inoue
2003Volume 38.3 Pages
895-900
Published: October 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: October 01, 2017
JOURNAL
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An in-depth interview survey of children's play environments, supplemented by field observations, was conducted in Beijing's downtown for the first time in the People's Republic of China. The purpose of this survey was to establish a comprehensive database as a step toward their improvement. Subsequently with interview data of 337 school children, time-, friend-, method- and space-dimensions of play environments in eight school districts were analyzed. The fairly small amount of play space (area per person) in comparison with cities in Japan and Korea was among features of Beijing. Another feature, large differences among districts surveyed, suggests the importance of both social factors on the one hand and spatial structures such as those determined by Siheyuan and Hutong on the other.
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