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Volume 16, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Isao SHIBASAKI1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 201-211
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1502K) -
Shigenobu WATANABE, Michiko NUKIYAMA, Fumiko TAKAGI, Katsuhiko IIDA, T ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 212-217_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMetyleneblue method is generally used for quantitative analysis of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS). However, this method is interfered by many substances such as anionic detergents.
Gaschromatographic (GC) method was investigated to carry out accurate examination. The GC method was applicable up to 0.5ppm level of LAS.
The outline of the method is as follows.
(1) The test preparation was heated to driness.
(2) A small portion of water and phosphorous pentachloride were added to the residue.
(3) The mixture was heated in a oil bath for 10 or 15 minutes at 120°C.
Sulfonic acid was converted to sulfonyl chloride.
(4) Linear alkylbenzenesulfonylchloride was extracted with n-hexane.
(5) The extracts was concentrated to 1ml, and the concentrates was used to the gaschromatography.View full abstractDownload PDF (561K) -
Masami IMAIDA, Tatsuo SUMIMOTO, Mitsuko YADA, Masaharu YOSHIDA, Kensak ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 218-224_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the determination of alkylbenezene sulfonate, Abbott's method has usually been used and it's result is always expresed as MBAS. By this method, however, quantitative analysis of ABS itself is not accurate, especially for its small amount.
In this paper, we describe a new gas chromatographic analysis of ABS as methylsulfonate by sulfonylation followed by methylation. Flame photometric detector which has a selective sensitivity to sulfur was successfully used for detecting small amount of ABS without any influence of MBAS.
Using this method, a linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 20 to 1000ng and Abbott's method was found to be applied together. At the same time, it was found that ABS and LAS was able to distinguished and that charactaristic patterns of LAS leached from washed container were obtained in this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (700K) -
Mieko KANAI, Harumi UCHINO, Kiyoko SAKENIWA, Takeshi SUMINO, Fumio MIY ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 225-229_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome strains of E. coli type I which produce no gas in EC medium at 44.5°C were detected from the human and animal feces. The average rate of detection frequency of these bacteria was about 10% among the total E. coli type I isolates.
The biochemical pattern of carbohydrate metabolism of these bacteria was investigated using nutrient broth containing formic acid, pyruvic acid, acetic acid or α-ketoglutalic acid, each of which is suposed to be intermediate compound in dissimilation pathway. Gas formation at 44.5°C was observed only in the broth containing formic acid.
In the lactose broth, formic acid was not produced by these bacteria at 44.5°C, whereas it was produced by the typical E. coli I strain.
From these results it is conseivable that the formic acid formation from pyruvic acid by the said atypical E. coli I strain may be inhibited at 44.5°C.
On the other hand E. coli type II and III bacteria almost failed to produce formic acid from pyruvic acid even at 37°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (531K) -
Degradation of BHA by Irradiation of γ-RaysMutsuo ISHIZAKI, Seiichi UENO, Fujio KATAOKA, Noritaka OYAMADA, Ritsuk ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 230-233
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDegradation of butyl hydroxy anisol (BHA) by γ-rays irradiation was studied. 0.5% BHA in ethanol solution was dosed 2.0M rad γ-ray. As a result, 8 species of degradation products were found by GLC mass spectrometry, and these parent peak's m/e were as follows: 166, 194, 220, 222, 224, 266, 358, 358. Four species of 8 degradation products were separates and these structure were determined to be 3, 3′-di-tert-butyl-2, 2′-dihydroxy-5, 5′-dimethoxy biphenyl, 2′, -3-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-4′, 5-dimethoxy biphenyl ether, 2-tert-butyl-hydroquinone and 2-tert-butyl-1, 4-dimethoxy-benzene.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Formation of Dimethylnitrosamine from Nitrate and Dimethylamine by Bacteria in Human SalivaHajimu ISHIWATA, Akio TANIMURA, Morizo ISHIDATE1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 234-239_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe formation of dimethylnitrosamine from nitrate and dimethylamine in the presence of human saliva was studied. The accumulation of dimethylnitrosamine in the culture solution which contained dimethylamine hydrochloride, sodium nitrate and brain heart infusion was increased by the addition of glucose, although the nitrite was significantly decreased.
On the other hand, when the solutions which contained the same components as the above two culture solutions were kept in human mouth, no dimethylnitrosamine was detected in spite of the increase of nitrite concentration.View full abstractDownload PDF (679K) -
Influence of Repeated Administration of Cadmium Chloride on 115mCd DistributionYoshihito OMORI, Akira TAKANAKA, Kin-ichi ONODA, Shinsuke NAKAURA, Gor ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 240-246_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree doses of cadmium chloride solutions (1, 5 and 10mg/kg/day) were given orally and repeatedly to 3 groups of male rats (27-28 rats per 1 group) for 20 days.
In 1mg/kg group, depression of daily gain of body weight was observed to some extent after 13th day, and significant depression was noted earlier in 5 and 10mg/kg groups. Decrease of daily food and water consumption was observed after 10-12th day, and mortality of each group until 21st day was 2/27, 8/27 and 9/28, respectively.
At 21st day, solution of 115mCdCl2 (2μCi/mg CdCl2/2ml/kg) was given orally to investigate the alternative distribution of this metal, dissecting the animals and measuring the radioactivities.
Comparing with the control group, increase of adrenal weight, decrease of seminal vesicle weight, relaxation of gastrointestinal tract and increase of the contents of the tract were found in every pretreated group. Thicker distribution of 115mCd were seen in many organs and tissues, including blood, of every pretreated group compared with control group, however, the concentration in liver and bone was lower contrarily. Especially, the amount of remaining 115mCd in stomach was more in 1 and 5mg/kg groups than the control group, and the fact suggested the delay of gastric emptying rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Hajime MURAKAMI, Katsuhiko JINBO, Masako KANZAKI, Yataro KOKUBO, Misao ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 247-252_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnumeration of presumptive V. parahaemolyticus in shucked shellfish was made by a simple multiple tube technique with Arabinose-Colistin-Peptone-Water (ACPW). During the period June 1973-March 1975, Mactra chinensis and Scapharce broughlomii were obtained at Tokyo Central Wholesale Market. Throughout the surveys conducted on the incidence of the presumptive organism in the shellfish, it was found that when monitored mean MPN of the presumptive organism had exceeded the level of 104/g, a frequent occurrence of parahaemolyticus food poisoning patients was observed in Tokyo.
Although we were unable to prove the presence of Kanagawa positive organism among our isolates, we would like to propose following preventive measures for parahaemolyticus food poisoning; 1) Adoption of a tentative guide line “less than 104/g” as an alowable limit of presumptive V. parahaemolyticus for marine products which might be consumed in a raw state; and 2) Labeling of “edible in raw” must be on the guaranteed, and prohibition of combined handling with other sort of sea products at retailers.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Norihiko MATSUDA, Naoki MATSUMOTO, Sanae USHIZAWA, Yoko KAKEGAWA, Hisa ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 253-257_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mesophilic Clostridia and Bacilli, isolated from frozen raw meat used in canned meat manufacture, were investigated for their specific distribution to determine the dominant organisms respectively.
Among 74 strains of the Clostridial isolates, 12 strains were identified with Clostridium sporogenes, 11 were C. bifermentans, 2 were C. butylicum and the others could not be identified. However, majority of the unidentified strains were classified as 5 groups basing upon the certain morphological and physiological characteristics.
On the other hand, among 80 strains of the Bacillial isolates, 48 were identified with Bacillus licheniformis, 10 were B. cereus, 6 were B. subtilis, and only 10 were not identified.
Heat resistance of these bacterial spores was examined. Sixteen among 58 Clostridial strains examined tolerated to heat treatment for 10 minutes at 100°C, only 2 at 105°C, and none at 110°C. Whereas, 41 of 64 Bacillial strains survived heat treatment for 10 minutes at 100°C, 23 at 105°C, 13 at 110°C, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (474K) -
Effect of Glycine on the Growth from Spores of Clostridium botulinumYoshiaki ANDO, Kunio KAMEYAMA, Takashi KARASHIMADA1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 258-263_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGlycine has now been noticed to be utilized as a food preservative that is harmless as a component of human diets because its inhibitory effects on bacterial growth as well as spore germination have been shown by many workers. The present studies were initiated to determine whether or not glycine is an effective food additive which would be expected to protect foods against Clostridium botulinum.
1) The effects of glycine on the germination of and outgrowth from spores of Clostridium botulinum types A, B and E were studied using two different media, ALB and thiotone, the former supporting germination only and the latter supporting both germination and subsequent outgrowth. It was found that glycine concentrations as much as 5% had only a little effect on the spore germination of all the strains tested, whereas it prevented completely the outgrowth of spores of type E, and A or B at 2 and 5%, respectively.
2) The growth tests in the complex media inoculated with small inocula of spores showed that type E strain was more sensitive to glycine than type A and B strains. Furthermore, the effectiveness of glycine was found to be dependent upon the pH of the medium; the minimum concentrations for complete inhibition of the growth of type E strain were 0.5 and 2.0% at pH 6.0 and 7.2, respectively. However, with types A and B, as much as 5% was required for complete inhibition regardless of pH.
3) The concentrations of glycine were not greatly diminished when used together with sodium nitrite or sorbic acid at respective commercially permissible amounts.
Since much higher concentrations of glycine in foods are not intended as food additives, the use of glycine appeared to be of little value against all types of Clostridium botulinum capable of causing human botulism.View full abstractDownload PDF (604K) -
Masaaki NAKAMURA, Kumiko WATABE, Tadashi KIRIGAYA, Yoichi YAZAWA, Ai W ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 264-270_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple method for determination of saccharin sodium in foods was investigated.
The principle of the proposed method is as follows;
Saccharin sodium is converted to 1, 2-benzisothiazoline-1, 1-dioxide by reduction with zinc and hydrochloric acid.
The reducing product which shows the absorptions at the wavelength of 258, 264, and 271nm under the ultraviolet ray is utilized to the determination of saccharin sodium.
We applied the proposed method to foods, the recoveries of saccharin sodium in some kinds of foods were 90-100% applying the method.
The minimum limit of detection in prepared solution was approximately 10ppm as saccharin sodium.View full abstractDownload PDF (688K) -
Distribution and Transference of 115mCd in Pregnant Rat and FetusYoshihito OMORI, Akira TAKANAKA, Kin-ichi ONODA, Shinsuke NAKAURA, Gor ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 271-274_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution of 115mCd in pregnant rat, transference to fetus and distribution in fetal organs were investigated by means of intraveneous injection of 115mCdCl2 solution to dam at 20th day after mating, dissection at 1hr later and measurement of radioactivities.
In the pregnant rat, the thickest accumulation of radioactivity in liver, and much thicker concentration in pancreas, pituitary, kidney and adrenal than in blood were found. Besides, 24.6% of dose remained in gastrointestinal tract.
The transference of 115mCd to fetus was not so remarkable. Concerning the distribution of partially transfered metal in fetus, outstanding accumulations were observed in adrenal, spleen and testis, and secondly thicker concentrations were seen in liver and bone. The distribution pattern in fetus was not similar to that of dam, and rather thicker concentrations of 115mCd were observed in fetal spleen, bone, adrenal and brain, comparing with the corresponding organs of dam.
In conclusion, cadmium introduced in dam body was transfered partially to fetus through placenta and was distributed in many parts of fetal body.View full abstractDownload PDF (414K) -
Kazuyuki HOSHINO, Reiko KATO, Nobutoshi SATO, Keiichi SAKAI1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 275-281_1
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe simultaneous analysis by ECD-gas chromatography of six kinds of carbamate insecticides after hydrolysis and acetylation with monochloroacetic anhydride was investigated.
Examining the five kinds of GC-columns for separation of monochloroacetates of hydrolysates derived from carbamate insecticides, 5% DEGS+1% H3PO4 column and 5% OV-17 one gave good results.
The hydrolysis of the carbamates was rapidly carried out with 0.2N methanolic sodium hydroxide and the elimination of organochlorine insecticides originaled in the samples would not be necessary, because most of them except β-BHC, p, p′-DDE and drin were decomposed under the condition. The acetylation of the hydrolysates gave the best results under the condition which the hydrolysates were treated with 10ml each of 0.25N sodium hydroxide and 2% benzene solution of monochloroacetic anhydride for 30 seconds at room temperature, and also the acetates were. stable very much.
The recoveries of 6 kinds of carbamate insecticides added into vegetables were examined by the method established in the present study, and it was shown that the recoveries were in the range of 75 to 100%. And detectable minimum in this method were in the range of 0.007 to 0.095ng.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Akio NAKAMURA, Yasuyuki MURAKAMI, Hideaki MIYATA, Shinjiro HORI, Kouic ...1975 Volume 16 Issue 4 Pages 282-284
Published: August 05, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (373K)
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