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Volume 15 (1974)
- Issue 6 Pages 411-
- Issue 5 Pages 331-
- Issue 4 Pages 219-
- Issue 3 Pages 135-
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 15, Issue 5
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Yasuhide TONOGAI, Kiyoko TANAKA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 331-336_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo establish the determination methods of phosphates in foods, the following methods were examined, being followed with satisfactory results. Polyphosphates contained in foods could be separated qualitatively by thin-layer chromatography using Avicel-SF cellulose powder as adsorbent and a mixture of 0.5% pyridine-acetone solution and 20% trichloroacetic acid solution as the developing solvent. The quantity of phosphates was determined indirectly by determining the amount of molybdenum by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, after the formation of complex between phosphate and molybdate. Ion-exchange column chromatographic technique was applied for the separation of various kinds of polyphosphates contained in soft drink. These methods were applied to various kinds of foods, and from our results it was found that polyphosphates were present only in pressed ham, sausage and soft drink, and the amount of phosphates added to foods was found to be not so much.View full abstractDownload PDF (705K) -
Analytical Method of Residues of Nine Organophosphorus Pesticides including Dichlorvos and Disulfoton in VegetablesYasuyuki INOUE, Katsuharu FUKUHARA, Mitsuharu TAKEDA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 337-341_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNine kinds of organophosphorus pesticides including dichlorvos and disulfoton were investigated to establish a method of determination for these pesticides in agricultural products by gas chromatography.
On the bases of the recovery of disulfoton in concentration step by a Kuderna-Danish concentrator below 50°C, use of benzene or n-hexane as extracting solvents was desirable but dichloromethane ethyl ether and ethyl acetate were unsuitable for this purpose.
The recoveries of the pestisides in acetone-water mixture extracts by the extraction with benzene or n-hexane were fine except dichlorvos, but dichlorvos was extracted with only benzene.
The method of determination for 9 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides including dichlorvos and disulfoton designed on the base of the results of 8 kinds of agricultural products. It was shown that the recoveries of the organophosphorus pesticides added to the sample homogenates were between 62.0 and 96.3%.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on the β-BHC Deposition in Dam and Offspring of Rats During Gestation and LactationKeiichi OSHIBA, Tadao FUJITA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 342-348_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the experimental study was to clarify whether the dietary protein levels would be related to the β-BHC deposition in dam and offspring of rats during gestation and lactation. The results obtained were as follows:
1) It was recognized that the increase of the dietary level of protein lowered the deposition of β-BHC in dams, especially in liver, during gestation period. However, no marked difference in fetuses was noticed.
2) As to the difference between pregnant and normal rats, in low protein diet, the β-BHC deposition of the former was higher about two times than that of the latter.
3) By the administration of 14C-labelled β-BHC to pregnant rats, it became clear that the stage of this administration during the gestation influenced the distribution of the radioactivity, especially in liver and kidney of dams.
4) Change in the amount of β-BHC deposited in the dams after 10 day's lactation was much remarkable between 5 and 10% casein diets.
5) β-BHC transfered from dam to offspring of rats during lactation was higher about ten times than that of the period of gestation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1026K) -
Fumiya MASUDA, Kikuhiko OKAMOTO, Kunio INOUE1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 349-355_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLinear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) was applied dermally to pregnant mice in order to examine the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. In ICR-JCL strain mice, LAS was given once daily at 0.5ml per mouse as 0.85, 1.7, 2.55, and 3.4% solutions from day 1 to 13 of gestation, and in ddY strain mice as 0.017, 0.17, and 1.7% solutions from day 2 to 14 of gestation. The results obtained were summarized as follows:
1. Neither suppression of body weight gain nor visceral defects of the dams were observed in all the groups tested. However, the reduced rate of pregnancy was observed in 3.4% group, in which considerable skin irritation was seen at the applied site.
2. Slight growth suppression of live fetuses in ICR-JCL mice were observed in 0.85, 2.55, and 3.4% groups. No significant difference between the applied and the control groups was found in external and internal abnormalities of the fetuses.
3. The retarded ossification of sternebrae in ICR-JCL mouse fetuses were observed more frequently in both groups of 2.55 and 3.4% compared with the control. No skeletal abnormalities, assumed to be caused by the application of LAS, were observed in all groups.
The results of this study would suggest that there was no conclusive evidence of teratogenic effects, assumed to be originated from LAS application, even at high concentrations.View full abstractDownload PDF (947K) -
Decomposition of 5′-Ribonucleotides by Thorium IonSadao KUSUI, Akira MURAKOSHI, Hideyuki MORI1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 356-362_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe decomposition of 5′-ribonucleotides (5′-RNT) with thorium ion (Th (IV)) was investigated in buffer solutions ranging pH 1 to 12 at 100°C as basic data for an analytical application of Th (IV) to 5′-RNT describing in “The Japanese Standards of Food Additives 3rd Ed.”
5′-Pyrimidine RNT (I) (5′-uridylic and 5′-cytidylic acids) were shown to undergo only dephosphorylation and to give the corresponding ribonucleoside and phosphoric acid all over the range of pH tested, regardless of the presence of Th (IV). In the absence of Th (IV), I were slightly dephosphorylated in acidic media, but in the presence of Th (IV), I liberated much more phosphoric acid and corresponding nucleosides over a wide range of pH being maximum at pH 3, except at around pH 6.
5′-Purine RNT (II) (5′-inosinic, 5′-guanylic and 5′-adenylic acids) were decomposed by two routes, which were dephosphorylation and N-glycosyl bond cleavage, to the corresponding ribonucleosides and purine bases, and phosphoric acid, especially in acidic media. In the absence of Th (IV), II were slightly dephosphorylated in the pH 1 to 8 region, and preceded by N-glycosyl bond rupture at pH 1 and 2. In the presence of Th (IV), however, II were much dephosphorylated in a similar manner as I, and dephosphorylation and glycosyl fission took place simultaneously at pH 1-3. The rate of N-glycosyl bond cleavage of II in acidic media was found to be considerably influenced with Th (IV), using 5′-inosinic acid and its dephosphorylated product, inosine.
Th (IV) was shown not or scarcely to have any effect on other decompositions such as ring breakage and deamination of 5′-RNT.
From the facts described above, it is suggested that Th (IV) can be applied to an analysis of 5′-RNT.View full abstractDownload PDF (821K) -
Examination of Sterigmatocystin in GrainsYuiko TAKEDA, Etsuko ISOHATA, Ryuji AMANO, Hiroya TANABE, Hiroshi KURA ...1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 363-367_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe qualitative and quantitative analytical methods for sterigmatocystin in grains were studied. The mycotoxin was extracted with a mixture of methanol and 1% NaCl solution (55:45) from grains and was reextracted with chloroform. After cleaned up by silica gel column chromatography, it was detected and estimated by thin layer chromatography. The quantitative step of the presented procedure was based on conversion of sterigmatocystin to a more highly fluorescent derivative by spraying a 20% AlCl3 ethanol solution on a developed thin layer plate. The measurement of its fluorescence was carried out by using a fluorodensitometer. For the chemical confirmation of sterigmatocystin, it was suitable to treat a spot of the mycotoxin with trifluoroacetic anhydride to produce a fluorescent derivative of the mycotoxin, before the second development of the procedure of two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Furthermore, analytical method for sterigmatocystin by gas chromatography was investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (573K) -
Determination of Strontium by a UHF Plasma Spectra AnalyzerKatsuhiko IKEBE, Yukio TANAKA, Ryoichi TANAKA, Nobuharu KUNITA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 368-372_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral experimental conditions were examined with regard to the determination of strontium in food by a UHF Plasma Spectra Analyzer. The most suitable experimental conditions were as follows: wavelength Sr II 4077.71Å, magnetron anode current 280mA, field current 380mA, plasma gas 3.5L/min, sheath gas 2.5L/min. The intensity of strontium spectrum was influenced with the diverse ions such as iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, and the effects of potassium and sodium were remarkable. The calibration curve had preferable linearity and the mean value of the recovery rates in ten experiments for strontium determination was 101.6%.
The concentrations of strontium in 6 samples of fruit, tea and 3 samples of unpolished rice were determined by the experimental conditions above mentioned.View full abstractDownload PDF (554K) -
Ionic Germination of Spores of Some Heat-sensitive Strains of Clostridium perfringens Type AYoshiaki ANDO1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 373-376_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGermination requirements for spores of three heat-sensitive strains of C. perfringens type A, S-40, S-45, and FD1, have been examined by estimating a fall in optical density of spore suspensions as the criterion of germination. The results are summarized as follows:
1) Heat-activated spores of these strains underwent so-called “ionic germination” in aqueous solutions of divalent alkali earth metal chlorides in combination with monovalent alkali metal chlorides. The chloride ion proved to be an essential germinant for these strains.
2) The maximum germination occurred with a triple combination of CaCl2, NH4Cl, and NaCl.
3) The optimum condition for heat-activation of the spores was heat-shocking at 80°C for 10min.
4) The experiments employing sequential addition of the three chlorides revealed that ions acted each other in a synergistic manner in initiating germination since each salt alone was almost ineffective. Therefore, this was not the case of “fractional germination”, proposed by Rode and Foster.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Effect of Some Food Additives on the Growth from Spores of a Heat-sensitive Strain of Clostridium perfringens Type AYoshiaki ANDO1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 377-380_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of some food additives on the germination of and outgrowth from spores of a heat-sensitive strain of C. perfringens type A, S-40 have been studied using two different media, one supporting germination only, the other supporting both germination and subsequent outgrowth. The results are summarized as follows:
1) Sodium chloride concentrations up to 2% rather stimulated germination, whereas concentrations greater than 2% progressively reduced the initial rate of germination and finally inhibited germination. The outgrowth was completely prevented at a concentration of 6%.
2) Sodium nitrite at concentrations of 0.02 to 0.8% had not a marked effect on germination, but subsequent outgrowth was completely prevented at a concentration of 0.06%. The addition of 0.02 to 0.08% nitrite before autoclaving a complex medium (2.5% BHI, 0.25% yeast extract, pH 6.0) was ineffective for preventing outgrowth, indicating that the inhibitory agent, such as Perigo-type inhibitor, was not produced in this medium.
3) Potassium sorbate at concentrations smaller than commercially permissible amount inhibited germination to some extent, although it could not prevent the outgrowth subsequent to germination.
4) Furylfuramide at concentrations far greater than commercially permissible amount had no effect in inhibiting germination. However, this reagent prevented outgrowth at concentrations greater than 10ppm but not at concentrations smaller than 5ppm.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Shunichi YOSHIKAWA, Hideo YABUUCHI, Keiko MIHARA, Yoko YOSHIDA, Kazuko ...1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 381-385_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of condensation and separation of trace amount of substances by thin layer chromatography was investigated, and applied to the analysis of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide, F-NFA) in foods.
The procedures were as follows.
F-NFA was extracted with acetone in acidic condition, and was finally prepared as 85% methanol solution. The prepared solution was applied over a large area on a silica gel plate, and condensed into a narrow band by continuous developing method using a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol. The plate was then taken out from the tank, and the plate was developed in the common procedure from the hair line origin. F-NFA spot was scraped off from the thin layer plate and colorimetric determination was carried out.
By the method, F-NFA. in foods was determined successfully, avoiding interference of the other nitrofuryl compounds.
Recovery of the added F-NFA was above 91% for “tofu (soy bean curd)”, “an (bean product)”, and milk, whereas 74 to 89% for ham.View full abstractDownload PDF (610K) -
Yukio TANAKA, Katsuhiko IKEBE, Ryoichi TANAKA, Nobuharu KUNITA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 386-389_1
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA microanalysis of mercury in fish by a combustion procedure using the quartz tube in air is described. Combustion of fish sample in air stream at 700°C was perfectly carried out in the presence of cobalt oxide. Mercury vapor was carried into a impinger and absorbed in 20ml of 0.5% potassium permanganate in 1N sulfuric acid as absorbent solution. Mercury absorbed was vaporized with stannous chloride as bubbling by air and determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Consequently, it was found that coefficient of variation in fish was approximately 5% and recovery of mercury was 98.5% in average. In addition, the presented procedure was desirable as well as wet digestion method and was found to be suitable for rapid analysis of mercury in fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (439K) -
Contents of Heavy Metals in Fishes and ShellfishesYukio TANAKA, Katsuhiko IKEBE, Ryoichi TANAKA, Nobuharu KUNITA1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 390-393
Published: October 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (434K) -
1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 408a
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (97K) -
1974 Volume 15 Issue 5 Pages 408b
Published: 1974
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (97K)
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