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Volume 42 (2001)
- Issue 6 Pages 343-
- Issue 5 Pages 289-
- Issue 4 Pages 215-
- Issue 3 Pages 159-
- Issue 2 Pages 63-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Review
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Hisao OKA, Yuko ITO, Yoshitomo IKAI2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 159-173
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2647K)
Originals
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Akiko SAITO, Ayako SUGISAWA, Keizo UMEGAKI2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 174-178
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the analysis of flavonoids by HPLC, we compared three different detection methods, namely UV, electrochemical detection and post-column chelation with aluminum followed by fluorescence detection. Ten flavonoids were used: apigenin, myricetin, luteorin, taxifolin, quercetin-3-O-sulfate, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, isoquercitrin, quercetin and rutin. Nine flavonoids except apigenin were efficiently detected by the electrochemical method with a detection limit of 0.025∼0.05 pmol. Flavonols having free 3-hydroxyl and 4-keto oxygen formed a fluorescent complex by post-column chelation and were detected by the fluorescence method. The detection limit of the fluorescence method was 0.05∼0.5 pmol. Nine flavonoids except taxifolin were detected by the UV method (absorbance at 370 nm), but the detection level was poor (5∼10 pmol). Flavonols added to human plasma were recovered by solid phase extraction, and were analyzed using the three detection methods. Most of the flavonols were efficiently detected by the electrochemical and fluorescence methods, and the detection limits were similar to those of standard samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (788K) -
Yoko KAWAMURA, Akiko NAKAJIMA, Takashi YAMADA2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 179-184
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe residues of additives and other chemicals were investigated by GC/MS in natural rubber products for food contact, which included nipples, packing, gloves and a net for ham. The packings and gloves contained 980∼6,570 μg/g of vulcanization accelerators, such as zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (EZ), zinc di-n-buthyldithiocarbamate (BZ) and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Some samples contained BHT, Irganox 1076 and Yoshinox 2246R as antioxidants; dibutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as plasticizers; and palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitamide, stearamide and hydrocarbons as lubricants. Two unknown peaks were identified as stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, and others were estimated to be fucosterol, oryzanol and α-sitosterol. These sterols are widely distributed in plants, so their origin was presumed to be the rubber plants. The sterols were detected at a level of 340∼2,940 μg/g in all natural rubber samples. A migration test was carried out for some samples, No chemicals were released into water, 4% acetic acid or 20% ethanol at 60°C for 30 min, though BHT, Yoshinox 2246R, EZ, BZ and sterols were released into n-heptane at 25°C for 60 min.View full abstractDownload PDF (1054K) -
Tsutomu FUKUWATARI, Etsuro SUGIMOTO, Kazumasa YOKOYAMA, Katsumi SHIBAT ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 185-189
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDietary intake of a poisonous mushroom, Clitocybe acromelalga, causes acromelalgia. The symptom continues for over a month. Some papers reported that treatment with nicotinic acid is effective. We have established an animal model to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity of the poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga. Diet containing Clitocybe acromelalga was fed to niacin-deficient rats for 24 hours (designated as day 0). The food intake decreased to about one-half compared with that of day before, and body weight loss was noted. Although the diet was returned to the control diet on day 1, the food intake did not recover until day 7, and body weight gain was not seen until day 6. A severe symptom resembling acromelalgia in humans started to appear on day 3. This is the first report of an animal model for the intoxication of Clitocybe acromelalga in humans. Since no similar symptom resembling human intoxication was seen in a previous rodent study, the niacin-free/tryptophan-limited diet used in the present study may have contributed to the result.View full abstractDownload PDF (2226K) -
Tsutomu FUKUWATARI, Etsuro SUGIMOTO, Katsumi SHIBATA2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 190-196
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga contains clitidine, which resembles nicotinic acid mononucleotide, and 4-amino-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, which resembles quinolinic acid. Both are important intermediates in the tryptophan-niacin pathway. Therefore, we investigated the effect of feeding a niacin-free and tryptophan-limited diet containing the toadstool Clitocybe acromelalga on the metabolism of tryptophan to niacin in rats. The toadstool diet was fed to the rats for only one day (this day was designated day 0). Urinary excretion of intermediates in the tryptophan-niacin pathway, such as anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, quinolinic acid, nicotinamide, N1-methylnicotinamide, N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide, and N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, was higher in the toadstool group than in the control on day 0∼day 1 and day 1∼day 2. The blood levels of tryptophan and NAD on day 1 were also higher in the toadstool group. Accordingly, intake of Clitocybe acromelalga appeared to increase the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1102K) -
Takeshi MATSUOKA, Hideo KURIBARA, Seiko SUEFUJI, Hirohito MIURA, Yuko ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 197-201
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was designed for the detection of genetically modified maize CBH351, which has not authorized as safe for use in foods and feeds in Japan yet. We analyzed a recombinant DNA (r-DNA) sequence introduced into CBH351 maize and designed specific primer pairs to amplify a segment including part of the r-DNA. The PCR products obtained by using the designed primer pairs are specific for CBH351 and should prevent false positive results caused by other maizes and other main cereal crops. The r-DNA introduced into CBH351 could be detected from maize samples containing 0.05∼0.1% CBH351 maize. This sensitivity is theoretically equivalent to a level of several genome copies and so this technique is a very efficient means to detect CBH351 maize.View full abstractDownload PDF (911K)
Notes
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Takashi KOJIMA, Michiko KISHI, Setsuko SEKITA, Motoyoshi SATAKE2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 202-205
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study is to clarify whether sennosides are contained in the leaf of Malva verticillata L., and then to clarify the source of sennosides in health teas including malva leaves. The identification and determination of sennosides were performed with thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The leaf of Malva verticillata L. did not contain sennosides A or B and could be easily distinguished from senna leaf. Our previous report showed that sennosides are contained in weight-reducing herbal teas including malva leaves, and that senna leaf is a herbal component in some teas. Furthermore, in 10 samples of health tea including malva leaves that were bought last year, the smallest amount of sennosides was 6.1 mg/bag, and all health teas including malva leaves contained the leaf and midrib of senna. We suggest that sennosides A and B are not contained in the leaf of Malva verticillata L., and that the sennosides in health teas including malva leaves are not derived from malva leaf but from senna leaf.View full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
Yasuo TANAKA, Kyoko TAKAHASHI, Tadayoshi SASAO, Tadashi KIRIGAYA, Shir ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 206-209
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn unknown peak (peak A) was detected in a mass chromatogram of komatsuna extract containing a high concentration of phenthoate (PAP), and it was considered to be O,O,S-trimethyl phosphorodithioate (OOS). Although it is generally known that OOS exists as an impurity in technical malathion and PAP, it has not been reported that OOS is present in crops. Since an OOS standard is not commercially available, OOS was separated and purified from commercial emulsifiable malathion. Peak A was confirmed to be OOS by GC/MS using the purified OOS. The concentration of OOS was estimated to be 0.02 μg/g. It is supposed that OOS was detected in crops because they contained a high concentration of PAP residue.View full abstractDownload PDF (603K)
Report
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Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Masakata KANEKO, No ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 210-214
Published: June 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of fenbutatin oxide (FBTO) and cyhexatin (CHT). FBTO and CHT spiked into rice, soybeans, spinach, orange, tea powder and tea extract at the level of 0.5 μg/g for FBTO and 0.1 μg/g for CHT were analyzed in replicate in 6 laboratories.
Means recoveries of FBTO were 85.2∼96.5% and those of CHT were 83.5∼89.2% except from soybeans (46.5%). Repeatability relative standard deviation values of FBTO and CHT in each crop were in the ranges of 2.3∼9.4% and 3.2∼6.3%, respectively. Reproducibility relative standard deviations were 3.9∼12.6% for FBTO and 8.3∼12.9% for CHT. Detection limits were 0.015∼0.05 μg/g for FBTO and 0.005∼0.02 μg/g for CHT.View full abstractDownload PDF (755K)
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