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Volume 42 (2001)
- Issue 6 Pages 343-
- Issue 5 Pages 289-
- Issue 4 Pages 215-
- Issue 3 Pages 159-
- Issue 2 Pages 63-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Originals
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Mihoko MURATA, Masataka ISHINAGA2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 215-219
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDaily intakes of nitrate and nitrite of middle-aged men (30-59 years of age, n=100) in Hiroshima Prefecture were estimated directly by the duplicate portion method. The daily intake of nitrate was 190.8±128.5 mg. The daily intake of nitrate/kg body weight was 2.87±2.00 mg, which is about 78% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The daily intake of nitrate tended to increase with increasing age. The daily intake of nitrite was 3.837±3.647 mg. The daily intake of nitrite/kg body weight was 0.057±0.050 mg, which is about 95% of the ADI. In the case of nitrite, there was no age-related difference. The proportions of men, whose daily intakes of nitrate and nitrite were above the ADI, were 27% and 34%, respectively. The proportion of men above the ADI of both nitrate and nitrite was 10%.View full abstractDownload PDF (500K) -
Kazuo EGOSHI, Hiroshi NAKAOKA, Terumi OKA, Kouji ABO2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 220-225
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo study of the behavior of Trp-P-1 and its metabolites in rat feces and urine, rats were orally administered with Trp-P-1 (750, 1,500 and 2,500 μg/rat), and excreted Trp-P-1 was analyzed using HPLC assay and bacterial mutagenicity assay. The extraction of Trp-P-1 from urine was performed by using the chloroform extraction method, and blue rayon was used for the extraction from feces.
When Trp-P-1 was added to rat feces and urine, the recoveries of Trp-P-1 were 85.9±3.9% and 91.3±3.7%, respectively. The extracts of feces and urine from rats administered with Trp-P-1 were individually fractionated by thin layer chromatography on C18 gel. The major mutagenic zone corresponding to Trp-P-1 was found at Rf 0.09 in both extracts, while the feces extract gave two additional mutagenic zones at Rf 0.15 and 0.20. More than 97% of the fecal mutagenic activity was due to unchanged Trp-P-1.
In rats administered with 750 μg of Trp-P-1, the amount of extracted Trp-P-1 and the number of His+ colonies induced by whole excreta were 81.6±7.1 μg (n=6) and (432±77)×104 for feces, and 28.7±4.9 μg and (171±28)×104 for urine. The recoveries of Trp-P-1 in the feces and urine were 10.8±0.9% and 3.8±0.7% by HPLC analysis, and 11.1±2.0% and 4.4±0.7% by mutagenicity assay respectively. The results of the two assays seemed to show similar patterns of recovery.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Shuzo TAGUCHI, Seisaku YOSHIDA, Yukio TANAKA, Shinjiro HORI2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 226-230
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and rapid analytical method was established for detection of anabolic agents, zeranol and α-trenbolone and β-trenbolone residues in cattle muscle and liver.
This method consisted of aqueous acetonitrile extraction and successive solid-phase extraction with a tandem connected octadecyl (C18)-aminopropyl (NH2) cartridge, followed by on-line clean-up using multidimensional HPLC with EC and UV detection.
On-line clean-up was performed by a three-column switching technique, the first column being a Diol size exclusion column (SEC), the second, an internal surface reversed phase trapping column (TC) and the third, a C18 analytical column (AC). Sample solution from solid-phase extraction was injected into the SEC. The anabolic agents eluted from the SEC were introduced into a TC, and the anabolic agents trapped in the TC were rapidly loaded onto an analytical column after changing the eluent. Zeranol in the eluate from the analytical column was detected at 700 mV ECD and α- and β-trenbolone were detected at UVD 350 nm. SEC and TC were washed and conditioned to the initial state just after the loading of the desired fraction on the AC.
Recoveries from muscle fortified at a level of 0.002 mg/L (maximal residue limits, MRLs) averaged 86.1% for zeranol and 77.0% for β-trenbolone, and recoveries from liver at a level of 0.010 mg/kg (MRLs) averaged 74.3% for zeranol and 73.1% for α-trenbolone. The quantitation limits for all of them were 0.001 mg/kg in muscle and 0.002 mg/kg in liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
Yukihiro GODA, Takuya ASANO, Masaaki SHIBUYA, Akihiro HINO, Masatake T ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 231-236
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect the genetically modified (GM) papaya (55-1 line), of which the mandatory safety assessment has not been finished in Japan because of insufficient data. The papaya intrinsic papain gene was used as an internal control. The results of PCR amplification of the papain gene segment indicated that a commercial silica membrane type kit (QIAGEN DNeasy plant mini) was useful for extraction of DNA from papaya fruit, but not for extraction from canned papaya fruit. On the other hand, a commercial ion-exchange type kit (QIAGEN Genomic-tip) provided enough purified DNA for PCR from canned papaya fruit. Compaired with the parental line and other commercial non-GM papayas, the DNA from GM papaya fruit provided specific amplification bands in PCR with five primer pairs (Nos. 2∼6) including β-glucuronidase and neomycin phosphotransferase II gene-specific ones. On the other hand, the primer pairs recognizing these genes showed false-positive results when we used DNAs from canned papaya. Therefore, we recommend that the primer pairs (Nos. 5 and 6) recognizing the sequences derived from two different species of organism should be used in order to detect specifically the GM papaya in canned fruits.View full abstractDownload PDF (851K) -
Susumu HIRANO, Tsuruzo SHIMA, Tomoko SHIMADA2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 237-242
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMoldy and split peanut kernels were separated from peanuts exported from Brazil, Sudan, India and Taiwan by visual inspection. The remaining peanuts from Brazil, Sudan and India were roasted lightly and the skins were removed. Stained peanuts were separated from the others. Aflatoxin was detected in moldy and stained peanuts. There was a positive correlation between % of aflatoxin-contaminated peanut kernels and aflatoxin B1 concentration in whole samples. Aflatoxin concentration of moldy peanuts was higher than that of stained peanut kernels.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K)
Notes
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Sumiko TSUJI, Yoshiaki AMAKURA, Yukiko UMINO, Masatoshi NISHI, Tsutomu ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 243-248
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of eight Food Blue No. 1 aluminum lakes (B-1Als) used in the official inspection of coal-tar colors in fiscal year 1999 had a violet sub-spot during paper chromatography and was rejected. To clarify the orgin of the sub-spot, the violet subsidiary color (Sub-V) was isolated from the sample. On the basis of NMR and MS analyses and ion chromatography, the structure of the subsidiary color was elucidated to be 2-[[4-[N-ethyl-N-(3-sulfophenylmethyl)amino]phenyl][4-hydroxyphenyl]methylio]benzenesulfonic acid. The relative content of Sub-V to that of m,m-B-1 in the rejected sample was determined to be 39.5% by HPLC. The relative contents in other submitted samples of B-1Al were in the range of 1.1-3.6%.View full abstractDownload PDF (315K) -
Takao CHONAN2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 249-251
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA determination method has been developed for azoxystrobin in tea by HPLC.
Azoxystrobin was extracted from a sample with acetone, and the extract was passed through an alumina column to remove tannin. The eluate was concentrated to ca. 25 mL and passed through a Sep-Pak Vac tC18 to remove pigments. The eluate was cleaned-up by using liquid-liquid partition, and Florisil and silica-gel columns. The HPLC analysis for azoxystrobin was carried out on a C18 column with acetonitrile-water (9 : 11) as the mobile phase, with ultraviolet detection at 260 nm.
The recovery of azoxystrobin fortified at the level of 0.4 μg/g was 90.2% and the limit of determination was 0.2 μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (325K)
Reports
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Hiroshi FUJIKAWA, Yataro KOKUBO2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 252-256
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied how predictive microbiology models could practically be applied to HACCP plans with two predictive software programs that are currently available. The software programs were the Food Micromodel elaborated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, U.K. and the Pathogen Modeling Program of Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture. They successfully provided useful information on (i) the determination of Critical Control Points (CCPs), (ii) the estimation of critical limits at CCPs, (iii) the decision of abused products, (iv) the assessment of equivalence of HACCP plans, and further (v) the development of new products. With the information simulated by the software programs, HACCP teams could make scientific and objective decisions for developing their individual plans. It was also confirmed that microbiological process standards for food processing are indispensable for the application of the predictive programs to HACCP plans.View full abstractDownload PDF (131K) -
Yukio TANAKA, Shuzo TAGUCHI, Seisaku YOSHIDA, Shinjiro HORI, Yutaka TA ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 257-261
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere have been very few reports of the effect of pesticides on immediate allergy. In the previous report, the effect of pyrethroid pesticides and organophosphorus pesticides on immediate allergic reaction was investigated. Subsequently, 12 organonitrogen pesticides, 14 carbamate pesticides and 4 other pesticides were investigated for their effects on the enzyme activity of β-hexosaminidase as an index of chemical mediator release from rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3).
Two organonitrogen pesticides, bitertanol and pyridaben, and two organotin pesticides, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide, were found to promote β-hexosaminidase release. Bitertanol non-specifically caused the promotion of chemical mediator release, while the release-promotive action of pyridaben was related to IgE antibody and those of cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide to cell injury. On the other hand, two organonitrogen pesticides, propiconazole and triadimenol, and imazalil showed release-inhibitory action. These data suggested that some pesticides can affect immediate allergy.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Hiroshi FUJIKAWA, Tomoaki WAUKE, Teruyoshi ARAI, Seiji SEKINE, Satoshi ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 262-268
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFood hygiene in Japanese-style confectionery factories is hard to practice because the businesses are small. In a supporting system of voluntary-based hygienic management in this field, we microbiologically investigated the production processes of “Monaka” in a workshop in Tokyo. We microbiologically assessed the processing environments as well as the products in the workshop, then proposed some improvements in the production of the confectionery. After the improvements, microbial contamination of the processing environments was reduced and no microbial contamination was found in the sugared bean, or “An” produced, though the product “Monaka” was still contaminated, especially by molds. It was clarified that the molds came from contaminated baked wheat shells, or “Kawa” and further that the wheat shells were contaminated by molds during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Akira ANAZAWA, Tsuy ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 269-272
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of inabenfide in unpolished rice. Six laboratories analyzed unpolished rice spiked with 0.05 μg/g of inabenfide in replicate. Mean recovery from rice was 85.0%. Repeatability relative standard deviation value was 4.2% and reproducibility relative standard deviation value was 8.1%. The detection limits were 0.002∼0.01 μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Akira ANAZAWA, Tsuy ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 273-277
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of chinomethionat in agricultural products by interlaboratory study. Six laboratories analyzed unpolished rice, cabbage, squash, lettuce and orange spiked with 0.1 μg/g of chinomethionat in replicate. Mean values of recovery from the 5 crops ranged from 90.2 to 100.5%. Repeatability relative standard deviations ranged from 4.4 to 7.7% and reproducibility relative standard deviations ranged from 10.9 to 17.1%. The detection limits were 0.003-0.012 μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Tsuyoshi IMAZAWA, O ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 278-282
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of clofentezine. Clofentezine spiked in azuki beans, apple, orange, banana, grape, tea powder and tea extract at the level of 0.2 μg/g (2 μg/g for tea) was analyzed in replicate in 6 laboratories. Mean values of recovery from 7 crops ranged from 78.4 to 85.2%. Repeatability relative standard deviation values ranged from 2.2 to 4.6% and reproducibility standard deviation values ranged from 4.8 to 10.3%. The detection limits were 0.005∼0.01 μg/g. These results show the notified analytical method has good performance.View full abstractDownload PDF (468K) -
Maki KOBAYASHI, Toshihiro NAGAYAMA, Ichiro TAKANO, Masako ITO, Yasuhir ...2001 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 283-288
Published: August 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBetween April 1996 to June 1998, 133 samples of 9 food commodities were analyzed for pesticide residues. In 8 samples of 5 commodities, 5 kinds of pesticides residues were detected.
The baby foods in which the pesticides were detected were produced from vegetables and fruits. In our investigations, pesticide residues have been frequently detected in the raw materials.
For the baby foods containing pesticides, intake amounts of the pesticides calculated from the daily feeding volume and the ADI were compared. Residual pesticide levels in baby food commodities are low, and it was concluded that they are not likely to present any problem in normal usage.View full abstractDownload PDF (558K)
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