Laying hens were divided into four groups, and the 1st control group was fed pyrimethamine-free diet during the experimental period. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were fed freely with the diet containing 0.1, 1 and 10ppm pyrimethamine, respectively, for three weeks and, thereafter, given the pyrimethamine-free diet.
During the medication period, in the 4th group, 3.33 and 0.13ppm pyrimethamine were found in yolk and albumen, respectively. In the 3rd group, 0.69 and 0.04ppm pyrimethemine were detected in yolk and albumen, respectively. In the 2nd group, 0.03ppm pyrimethamine was found in yolk, but none was detected in albumen during the experimental period.
In the 4th group, pyrimethamine in yolk and albumen decreased to below the detection limit on the 12th day and 5th day, after the withdrawal of medication, respectively. In the 3rd group, pyrimethamine in yolk and albumen decreased to below the detection limit on the 9th day after the withdrawal of medication and on the 19th day after the beginning of medication, respectively. In the 2nd group, pyrimethamine in yolk decreased to below the detection limit on the 2nd day after withdrawal of medication.

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Applicability of the 4-aminoantipyrine method for the determination of phenol released from plastic ware in contact with food was examined. Currently a turbidimetric method which has been shown to be less reliable is designated by the Food Sanitation Law for the regulation of phenol. Among 49 phenolic compounds, including phenol, used to manufacture plastics and related materials, 21 compounds, excluding two compounds which developed color without 4-aminoantipyrine, developed color by the 4-aminoantipyrine method in the presence of 50% (v/v) acetonitrile. In each instance, the optical density produced was at least 10% of that obtained for phenol. The 4-aminoantipyrine method was also applied to the water extract solutions of phenol resins. From 2.9 to 6.0ppm of 4-aminoantipyrine-positive compounds (as phenol) was detected, while none was detected in the water extract solutions of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polycarbonate products. More than 97% of the 4-aminoantipyrine-positive compounds in the extract solution obtained from phenolic resins was identified as phenol with a three-dimensional high performance liquid chromatogram. These results indicated that the 4-aminoantipyrine method is applicable to the detection and determination of phenol in the water extract solution of plastic ware.

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Wistar-strain female rats (about 40g b. w.) were fed a normal or iron-deficient diet for 8 weeks, and 10% ethanol (v/v) was simultaneously given as drinking water for the last 4 weeks. The iron-deficient diet decreased the Fe levels in serum and all tissues studied.
The ethanol treatment lowered, regardless of iron deficiency, the serum Cu and hepatic Zn, Mg and P levels. The ingestion of ethanol under iron deficiency resulted in a decrease in the serum Ca and Mg, pulmonary and hepatic Fe, and renal Se levels, and an increase in the splenic Mg and cerebral Ca contents.
These observations suggest thar chronic alcohol ingestion could accelerate the harmful effects of iron deficiency anemina through the further reduction of the decreased Fe contents in pulmonary and hepatic tissues.

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The relationship between chemical structures of 16 kinds of t-butylhalophenols and their fungistatic activity toward Aspergillus niger, in the range of pH 3.7, 5.2 and 7.0, was investigated by using the agar plate filter paper disc method. The inhibition of fungal growth was estimated in terms of initial strength of activity (IS), which was obtained by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone in each sample, and its durability. As a control, the IS value of 4-chloro-m-cresol (1) obtained at pH 5.2 with incubation for 3 days was defined as 100. The durability was estimated as the period required for the initial inhibition zone to disappear under continuous incubation.
The relationship between the fungistatic activity and the chemical structures of tested compounds was as follows. The o-t-butyl-4-halophenols and m-t-butyl-4-halophenols were much more effective than the corresponding 2-halogenated isomers, and the activity was greatly superior to that of p-t-butyl-2-halophenols. The IS values of 2-t-butyl-4-chlorophenol (6), 2-t-butyl-4-bromophenol (12) and 3-t-butyl-4-chlorophenol (8) were mostly higher than that of 1, but their durability was inferior to that of 1. However, 3-t-butyl-4-bromophenol (14) was superior to 1 in both the IS value and the durability at all pH levels. When 14 was derived to 2, 4-dibromo-5-t-butylphenol (17) by means of bromination, its durability was somewhat improved but its IS values were reduced to 0.5-0.7 times that of 14. The activity of 2, 6-di-t-butyl-4-bromophenol (16) derived from 12, which showed the greatest IS among all the tested compounds, was not effective at any pH level due to the complete loss of activity. The influence of pH upon the fungistatic activity of the compounds is discussed.

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We found that garlic extract had a strong growth-inhibitory activity toward various food poisoning bacteria. Aqueous extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) was tested by an agar plate diffusion method for growth-inhibitory activity against 15 gram-negative and 8 gram-positive species. Our experimental results showed that the extracts had a bacteriostatic activity at low concentration (0.62-1.25%) regardless of the bacterial species used.
The antibacterial activity of garlic extract was completely destroyed by heating at 100°C for 20 minutes, but was unaffected at 55°C for 20 minutes.
The effect of pH of the extract on its bacteriostatic activity was also examined. The activity was stable at pH 6.0-7.0, but it decreased at pH 5.0 and also above pH 8.0.

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A gas chromatographic method for quantitative analysis of terbutryn in crops has been established. Terbutryn was extracted from crops with acetone. The residue after evaporation of the acetone was taken up in 5% sodium chloride solution and re-extracted with n-hexane. After evaporation of the solvent, the residue was applied to a 5% (w/w) H₂O-impregnated alumina (basic) column. The alumina column was washed with n-hexane-ethyl ether (93:7) mixture and terbutryn was eluted with n-hexane-ethyl ether (4:1) mixture. The eluate was evaporated to dryness and the residue was dissolved in acetone, then terbutryn was determined by using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame thermionic detector (FTD).
The mean recovery of terbutryn added to soybean, wheat and lemon at the level of 0.1 or 0.2μg/g was 86.5-87.0%. The detection limit of terbutryn was 0.02μg/g. Terbutryn was not detected in the imported crops (soybean, 7; wheat, 12; lemon, 6; orange, 4).

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