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Volume 5 (1964)
- Issue 6 Pages 415-
- Issue 5 Pages 355-
- Issue 4 Pages 273-
- Issue 3 Pages 189-
- Issue 2 Pages 103-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 5, Issue 6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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II. Identification of Enterococcus Group Isolated from Market Milk and Milk PowderHideo HASHIMOTO, Isao ITOH, Sadao ISHIDA, Motoharu KAWAGUCHI1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 415-419
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe enterococcal strains isolated from milk powder from six dairy factories in five districts in Japan, for a period of 1 year, and from market milk pasteurized by different three methods, were identified and classified.
Of 601 enterococcal strains isolated from 334 milk powder and 22 market milk, 533 were identified as Str. faecium, 21 as Str. faecalis, 10 as Str. faecalis var. liquefaciens and 3 as Str. durans, but 34 remained unclassified.
Str. faecium occupied 533 or 92.3% of 577 strains from milk powder. On the other hand, the typical strain of Str. faecium was not obtained from the market milk examined.
By the use of six fermentation reactions, Str. faecium were divided into 9 fermentative types, and the type found most frequently in milk powder was subtype No. 5.
There were few regional differences in fermentative types of Str. faecium derived from milk powder.View full abstractDownload PDF (858K) -
I. Toxicity of the Roe of “Nagazuka”Minoru SAKAI, Takahisa KIMURA, Haruo SHINANO, Yoshio EZURA, Masamoto B ...1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 420-425
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, the toxicity of the roe of “Nagazuka” (Stichaeus grigorjewi HERZENSTEIN) which had often caused food posoning in Japan was observed.
Results obtained were summarized as follows;
1) A water-soluble toxic substance was not detected in the roe of “Nagazuka”, on the other hand 75% acetone, ethyl ether and ethanol soluble but absolute acetone insoluble toxic substance was obtained (shown on Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Table 1).
2) The toxic substance above mentioned showed specific clinical symptoms on mice and also specific findings were found anatomically and pathologic histologically.
3) This toxic substance may be included in the category of “ichthyoötoxin” which was designated by Halstead, because other organs of this fish contained no toxic substance, except those of the roe (shown on Fig. 4).
4) A small quantity of ethanol insoluble toxic substance was obtained but this was not similar to the above toxic substance on the toxic specificity to mouse.
5) The Mouse Unit of three fractions (shown on Fig. 3) was observed and the calculated results in each fraction were as follows (shown on Table 2);
Fract. III (ethyl ether soluble) 500M.U. (24-36hr)
Fract. IV (ethanol insoluble) 40M.U. (24hr)
Fract. V (ethanol soluble) 600M.U. (24-36hr)View full abstractDownload PDF (4277K) -
II. The Properties of the Extracted Toxic LipidMinoru SAKAI, Takahisa KIMURA, Haruo SHINANO, Yoshio EZURA, Masamoto B ...1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 426-432_1
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, chemical properties of the extracted toxic substance and effects of various treatments on the toxicity were observed.
Results obtained were summarized as follows;
1) By means of the analysis of the extracted crude toxic substance and the paper chromatogram of 6 fractions separated by silica-celite column chromatography on the acetone-insoluble fraction, this toxic substance was found to be a kind of phospholipid containing Phosphate and choline but not sugar (shown on Table l and Fig. 4).
2) This toxic substance was not similar to liso-lecithin or venom in the hemolytic activity against the red cells of mouse and rabbit (shown on Table 2 and 3).
3) From results of the analysis of this toxic substance, it was believed that the existing fatty acid is polyunsaturated fatty acid. But the decrease in the toxicity by the sonic shock treatment suggested that the toxicity is not caused by a peroxide of the existing unsaturated fatty acid, because the production of peroxide is likely to be accelerated by the sonic shock (shown on Table 1 and 6).
4) The toxicity of this substance emulsified was completely destroyed within 30min. by-heating at l21°C, within 10 days by the storage at 37°C and within 60min. by the sonic shock treatment at 10 KC., 100W (shown on Table 4, 5 and 6).View full abstractDownload PDF (2496K) -
III. Antigenicity of the Toxic Substance and Experimental Therapy-test for Mice Inoculated with the Toxic SubstanceMinoru SAKAI, Takahisa KIMURA, Haruo SHINANO, Yoshio EZURA, Masamoto B ...1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 433-440
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, the antigenicity of the toxic substance and therapeutic effects of various medicines on mice inoculated with the toxic substance were experimentally observed.
Results obtained were summarized as follows;
1) It was reaffirmed that the water-soluble toxic substance is not contained in the roe of “Nagazuka” (shown on Fig. 1).
2) When fresh roe of “Nagazuka” was emulsified with 0.8% NaCl solution, the volumn of which was 4 times the one of the roe and was stored at 25°C, 10°C and 0-3°C, toxicity of water-soluble toxic substance appeared within 7hr at 25°C, after 4-5 days at 10°C and after 6 days at 0-3°C. It was, however, believed that these are likely to be caused by the degredation of freshness of the sample because these toxicities were not markedly similar to the original toxicity of the roe of “Nagazuka” (shown on Table 1 and 2).
3) The toxicity of the fresh roe of “Nagazuka” was not affected by the digestion with trypsin (shown on Fig. 2).
4) This toxic substance lacked antigenicity as complete antigen. According to the authors' viewpoint this substance is hapten, namely, simple hapten or complex hapten. But this hypothesis must be confirmed by further study (shown on Table 3-5).
5) Experimental therapy-test on mice inoculated with the toxic substance, using various medicines, was conducted but satisfactory results were not obtained (shown on Table 6).View full abstractDownload PDF (1170K) -
I. Microorganisms Found in Frozen FoodsKazuo KOMAGATA, Hiromochi OGAWA, Noboru KATSUYA1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 441-446
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMicrobiological studies were carried out with frozen foods purchased at the market. Microorganisms were isolated at both temperatures of 0°C and 30°C using tryptone agar plates for bacteria and actinomycetes, and yeast extract-malt extract agar plates for yeasts and molds. The kinds and numbers of the microorganisms were variable from sample to sample. Aerobic bacteria were the main members of microflora of the frozen foods. Yeasts succeeded the aerobic bacteria, and a few actinomycetes and molds were isolated. On an average, 103 to 106 of microorganisms per gram were found in the frozen foods, and they were consisted of the following taxonomical groups: 44.4 per cent of Gram-negative rods, 15.3 per cent of Gram-positive cocci, 14.0 per cent of Gram-positive straight rods, 16.7 per cent of Gram-positive pleomorphic rods, and 8.8 per cent of yeasts. It was interesting from the point of view of microbial ecology that a considerable number of yeasts were isolated from the frozen foods. Furthermore, the microorganisms isolated from the frozen foods were divided into three groups on the basis of the relation to temperature for growth; (1) those growing at 0°C, but not at 30°C, (2) those growing at 30°C, but not at 0°C, and (3) those growing at both temperatures of 0°C and 30°C. They were composed of about 20 per cent Group 1, 16 per cent Group 2, and 64 per cent Gmup 3. The microorganisms belonging to Group 3 were mainly Gram-negative rods. and most abundantly isolated from the frozen foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (928K) -
Sukeo KIYOTA, Yoshiko TONOMURA, Hajime TAKAO, Akira YASUKAWA1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 447-451
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: July 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA comparative studies were made on the two techniques simultaneously, a) the BGLB method and b) the subculture method using BALB (Boric Acid Lactose Broth) which is a selective medium for E. coli, for the purpose of detecting E. coli from the contaminated foods.
And it was recognized that the b method which required less incubation period (at 43±0.5°C for 48hrs) than the BGLB method, is more practical one for the routine work.
The results were summarized as follows:
1) The detecting ability of the BALB for E. coli were effected by the number of the bacteria contaminated in foods.
2) The detecting ability of the BALB subculture method for E. coli was 100% in frozen sea foods and about 92% in other foods as comparing with results of the BGLB method.
3) The high detecting ratio of E. coli was observed on highly gas produced samples in the BALB medium.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
Identification by Infrared Absorption SpectroscopySeiji FUJII, Takuma OBA, Toshio HAYASHI, Moto-o HARADA1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 452-458
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method is described for identifying gum bases in chewing gums by means of infrared absorption spectra. Sample of chewing gum was treated with hot water to remove sugars, coloring matters and organic acids, etc., and the residues were extracted with several solvents, and separated into ten fractions (Fig. 1)
Gum base in each fraction was identified by comparison of the infrared spectra with that of the corresponding known base. Besides some bases in the fractions were confirmed by chemical methods.
Butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate (Fig. 3), polyvinyl acetate (Fig. 4), jeltong gum (Fig. 5), monoglyceride (Fig. 6), microcrystalline wax (Fig. 10) and vistanex (Fig. 10) were found in commercial chewing gum, but chicle gum and ester gum could not be confirmed. The further work is in progress.View full abstractDownload PDF (929K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1964 Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 459-466
Published: December 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1035K)
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