Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)
Online ISSN : 1882-1006
Print ISSN : 0015-6426
ISSN-L : 0015-6426
Volume 17, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
  • Koji MIURA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 137-143
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (844K)
  • Fuminori TAKAMURA, Toshio NIIMURA, Toshie TOKIEDA, Tsutomu YAMAHA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 144-152_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effects of sodium polyacrylate (food additive) on the activities of carboxypeptidase A (CA), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (AP) and trypsin (TP) were studied in vitro.
    These enzyme activities were inhibited from 20 to 50% by polyacrylate (PA) under the experimental conditions adopted. The extent of inhibition was influenced by the period and temperature of pre-incubation as well as the concentration of PA, but not influenced by the difference of polymerization degree of PA.
    The inhibition by acrylate (monomer) was observed with CA, but not with AP and TP. The degree of inhibition on the activity of AP was influenced to a great extent by the different buffers even in the same pH value. The inhibition of AP activity by PA was almost completely restored by the addition of Mg2+ or Zn2+. On the other hand, the inhibition of CA and TP was partially restored by Zn2+ or Co2+, and by Mg2+, respectively.
    Download PDF (1124K)
  • Fractionation of Monascus Pigments and Quantitative Analysis of Monascin
    Hajimu ISHIWATA, Akio TANIMURA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 153-157_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The mold Monascus is used for brewing of red rice wine (an-tyiiu) and the production of monascus pigments which is added to foodstuff as a natural food dye.
    In the present paper, the fundamental methods for fractionation and quantitative analysis of monascus pigments were described.
    The principle for the fractionation of monascus pigments is as follows: a mixture of purple, orange and yellow pigments was applied to a silica gel column. Purple pigments were adsorbed on the column with ether, but orange and yellow pigments were eluted with ether. The purple pigmetns remained on the column were eluted with methanol. Ether saturated with ammonia was added to the eluate which contains a mixture of orange and yellow pigments. Orange pigments in the mixture were converted to purple pigments by the reaction with ammonia in ether. Then the mixture was applied again to the silica gel column. Yellow pigments were eluted with ether, and orange pigments, which have been converted to purple pigments, were eluted with methanol.
    For the determination of monascin, test solution was heated at 100°C for 10min with concentrated sulfuric acid and produced fluorescence was determined at 453nm for excitation and 507nm for emission.
    The above method was applied to red rice wine, and 9.0-11.1ppm of water-soluble pigments, 2.2-3.1ppm of purple pigments, and 0.9-1.9ppm of yellow pigments were determined. Orange pigments were not detected in red rice wine.
    Download PDF (634K)
  • Kunio INOUE, Fumiya MASUDA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 158-169_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two different types of liquid detergents for kitchin use, one of which contains linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and another contains sodium alkyl ethoxy sulfate (AES) and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (POEAE) as their main constituents, were examined for potential teratogenic and embryotoxic activity following percutaneous or subcutaneous administration.
    In the dermal application, both detergents were diluted with water as 0.5, 5, and 15% solutions. Each solution of the detergents was applied on the shaved dorsa of pregnant mice, once daily at dose of 0.5ml per mouse during pregnancy days 1-13 in LAS detergent and 0-13 in AES-POEAE detergent.
    In the subcutaneous administration, the detergent containing LAS was given once daily at doses of 30 and 150mg/kg during days 7-13 or 0-13 of pregnancy, and the detergent containing AES and POEAE was dosed once daily at doses of 5, 50, and 500mg/kg during days 7-13 of pregnancy.
    A slight reduction of pregnancy rate was observed only in the group treated dermally with 15% solution of the detergent containing LAS, but there were no significant differences between the values of the group and the control. No deleterious effects were noted on embryonic development in either treatment of both detergents. Some kinds of external anomalies were found in all groups with slightly higher incidences than the reported data on the incidence of spontaneous external anomalies in the ICR-JCL strain of mice, but the incidences of anomalous fetuses in the treated groups were not significantly different from those in controls. In all experiments, on fetuses with internal anomalies were found in all groups except only one case in the group treated with 150mg/kg LAS detergent. Some kinds of skeletal variations with low or considerably high frequency occured in all groups, but there were no statistical differences among the groups.
    In the subcutaneous studies, the numbers of fetuses with skeletal anomalies were not significantly increased in the treated groups as compared to the controls.
    The results of this study would suggest that there was no conclusive evidence of embryotoxic and teratogenic effects, assumed to be attributable to these detergents, in the mice.
    Download PDF (1358K)
  • Yukio SAITO, Mitsuharu TAKEDA, Mitsuru UCHIYAMA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 170-175_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A new procedure for the determination of phthalate esters in edible oil was investigated with the aim of seperating them from oil and organochlorine insecticides.
    The method consists mainly of 4 steps: n-Hexane-acetonitrile partition, subsequent addition of a few millilitres of water into acetonitrile layer and removal of n-hexane released, followed by the extraction with a small amount of conc. sulfulic acid and finally use of minicolumn chromatography on florisil (1g). It was found that more than 99.5% of oil was removed by this procedure and organochlorine insecticides as well.
    Throughout the present method, the recoveries of phthalate esters fortified in the levels of 0.3-11ppm were 90% (DBP), 82% (DHP), 81% (DEHP), and 75% (BPBG).
    Download PDF (849K)
  • The Reaction Products of Glycocyamine and Sodium Nitrite
    Miyako YAMAMOTO, Takashi YAMADA, Akio TANIMURA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 176-181_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The reaction products of glycocyamine, one of the naturally occurring guanidines, and nitrite under acidic conditions were explored. The main product was identified as carboxymethylnitrosourea, a derivative of hydantoic acid whose secondary amino group was nitrosated, by elemental analysis and NMR spectrum. The structure was further confirmed by mixed analysis and by comparing IR and absorption spectra with the reaction product of hydantoic acid and nitrite.
    A nitrosocyanamide was expected to be one of the reaction products, but it could not be detected in various conditions examined. Stability and the decomposition products of carboxymethylnitrosourea were also discussed.
    Download PDF (774K)
  • Kinetical Studies on the Carboxymethylnitrosourea Formation from Glycocyamine and Sodium Nitrite
    Takashi YAMADA, Miyako YAMAMOTO, Akio TANIMURA
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 182-186_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The rates of carboxymethylnitrosourea (CMNU) formation from glycocyamine (GC) and sodium nitrite were studied at pH 2.5 and 37°C, considering the condition in the human stomach after ingestion of foods. The initial rates of CMNU formation were calculated from the absorbance at 394nm after decomposition of nitrite with sulfamic acid. They were proportional to the concentration of glycocyamine and nitrite under experimental condition.
    The effects of thiocyanate, citrate, tartrate, sodium chloride and ascorbate on the rates of CMNU formation from GC and nitrite were also studied. Thiocyanate, citrate and tartrate accelerated CMNU formation, and ascorbate inhibited it. Sodium chloride did not affect CMNU formation under experimental condition.
    Download PDF (609K)
  • Determination of Trace Amounts of Styrene Monomer in Milk Products
    Tetsuro YAMASHITA, Hideki KATSURA, Yoko MORI
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 187-192_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The method for micro determination, on the level of ppb, of migrated styrene monomer from polystyrene containers for fermented milk was established.
    Styrene monomer in fermented milks could be collected into a cooling traps of dry ice-methanol by steam distillation under reduced pressure. The concentration of styrene monomer of the fraction in the traps was determined by gas chromatography.
    With this method, the recovery of styrene monomer added to fermented milk was found to be 88-95% in the range of 0.01 to 0.20 ppm, and the minimum detection limit was found to be 0.002 ppm.
    Migration test of styrene monomer to fermented milk was examined using polystyrene containers including 5020 ppm of styrene monomer.
    The migration of styrene monomer to fermented milks from the containers was increased with storage temperature and period. In the commercial fermented milks tested, styrene monomer could not be detected.
    Download PDF (739K)
  • Systematic Analysis of Mycotoxins in Grains
    Yuiko TAKEDA, Etsuko ISOHATA, Ryuji AMANO, Mitsuru UCHIYAMA, Yasuta NA ...
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 193-199_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Systematic analysis for the simultaneous determination of fluorescent mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin-A and citrinin from polluted grains was studied.
    The mycotoxins were extracted with the solvent consisted of 2ml of 20% sulfuric acid, 20ml of 4% potassium chloride solution and 178ml of acetonitrile. They were transfered to chloroform and freed from solvent. By means of silica gel column chromatography the former five toxins were cleaned-up and eluted by chloroform-methanol mixture (97:3) and the remaining ochratoxin-A and citrinin were recovered in the fraction eluted by benzene-acetone-acetic acid (75:20:5) after the intermediate washing of the column with chooroform-methanol (93:7).
    Each fraction was concentrated and applied to thin layer chromatography for final determination, in which the mutual separation of ochratoxin-A and citrinin was performed by employing DC-Fertigplatten Kieselgel for solid layer and chloroform-methanol-water-90% formic acid (90:10:1:1) as developing solvent.
    The fluorescent intensity of thin layer spots of sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin-A and citrinin were amplified by spraying 20% alminium trichloride solution, exposing in ammonia vaper, and spraying 20% alminium trichloride after exposure in ammonia vaper, respectively.
    Download PDF (757K)
  • Hiroshi KUMAGAI, Kiyoko SAEKI
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 200-203_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A rapid wet-ashing procedure for routine determination of total mercury in a wide variety of fish and shells of sample sizes as large as 5g is described.
    The wet samples are fully digested with a mixture of sulfuric acid and perchloric acid for ten minutes on a hotplate of which surface temperature is kept at 250°C, after preliminary heating for five minutes. The end of digestion is certified with the addition of potassium permanganate solution. Then, the digested solution is transferred into a 100ml volumetric flask and diluted with distilled water. The total mercury is determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
    The study has shown that the samples can be digested on a hotplate at a high temperature as 250°C without any potential loss of mercury. With respect to the rapidity of digestion, the use of perchloric acid as a decomposing agent prevails over that of vanadium pentoxide. The digestion procedure used by Deitz et al. depends on vanadium pentoxide as the decomposing agent.
    The data presented have also shown quantitative recovery of mercury added to a variety of samples. The concentrations of mercury obtained by the method herein proposed are slightly higher than those by the official method adapted by the Ministry of Welfare in this country.
    Download PDF (511K)
  • Naoyoshi KENJO, Yoko ASOTANI, Katsuhiko NODA, Tsuyoshi TAKAHASHI
    1976 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 204-208_1
    Published: April 05, 1976
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Determination of micro amounts of arsenic in milk powder was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry attaching arsine generating apparatus. About 1.0g of sample was dry-ashed at about 600°C in the presence of magnesium salts. The addition of magnesium salt was to prevent the sublimation of arsenic at high-temperatures' dry-ashing. The ashes were dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the arsenate was changed to arsine gas by potassium iodide, stannous chloride, and zinc powder. And the arsine gas conducted to the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The absorbance was proportional to arsenic over a wide range of its content. This method was successfully applied to the determination of the arsenic content in commercial milk powder by which obtained values were within 0.05 to 0.13 ppm.
    Download PDF (487K)
feedback
Top