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Volume 32, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Sachie IKEGAMI, Fumie TSUCHIHASHI, Eiichi NISHIDE1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 1-7_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiments were conducted to examine the relation between vitamin A (V. A) storage and cytochrome P-450 (P-450) content in the liver of rats given organochlorine pesticides. Male Sprague Dawley rats (4-week-old) weighing 86g-116g were fed diets containing seven organochlorine pesticides for 2 weeks.
A negative correlation (r=-0.766, p<0.01) was observed between the logarithm of V. A content and P-450 content in the liver of rats fed the diets containing tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, chlorbenzilate, p, p′-DDT, β-BHC, heptachlor and dieldrin, respectively. When heptachlor, dieldrin and endrin were administered at various doses, the decrease of hepatic V. A storage seemed to be related to the induction of P-450, rather than showing a dose-response relation. On the other hand, phenobarbital and 3-methyl-cholanthrene (MC) reduced V. A storage in the liver and remarkable depletion of V. A occurred independently of P-450 in the MC-treated group.
The above results suggest that a close correlation may exist between the abilities to reduce the hepatic V. A storage and to induce P-450 content, and other factors may also be related to the depletion of V. A.View full abstractDownload PDF (845K) -
Yoshiya OISHI1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 8-12_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResidues of clopidol in eggs were studied. Clopidol was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Laying hens were given feed containing 1.0ppm of clopidol for one day and thereafter, control feed. Clopidol was found at 0.025ppm in the eggs laid the next day, and was no longer detectable within approximately 4 days. Laying hens were also given feed containing 1.0ppm of clopidol for ten days, and thereafter, control feed. Clopidol amounting to 0.036ppm on average was found in the eggs, and reached a plateau level after 3 or 4 days. The concentration ratio (clopidol in whole eggs/clopidol in feed ×100) of clopidol was found to be 3.6% on average, and clopidol in the eggs was no longer detectable within 3 days after reversion to the control feed. Clopidol was more rapidly metabolized in eggs than nicarbazin.View full abstractDownload PDF (519K) -
Michiko NONAKA, Masata MITSUIKI, Tetsushi KODAMA, Hirohisa OMURA1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 13-19_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRed-pigment [2, 2′-nitrilodi-2(2′)-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid monoammonium salt (NDA)] was synthesized by the reaction of dehydroascorbic acid with L-phenylalanine. The DNA-damaging activity and the mutagenicity of NDA were assayed by means of DNA-repair and two different gene mutation assays using bacteria. NDA was positive in the spore rec-assay system using Bacillus subtilis without S9 mix, showing that its DNA-damaging index was relatively weak. NDA was positive in both the Ames test and the induced mutation frequency (IMF) assay using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 or TA98 with or without S9 mix, revealing that the mutagenic potential was relatively weak. These results suggested that further in vivo tests should be carried out to predict whether NDA might be a carcinogenic or genetic hazard to man.View full abstractDownload PDF (762K) -
Makoto SAITO, Mitsuru FUNABASHI1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 20-24_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlpha toxin is produced by C. perfringens and forms a white muddy zone on egg yolk-CW agar. It is known that the amount of α-toxin produced varies from strain to strain. Four hundred and thirty-six strains derived from patients of food poiosning outbreaks, food handlers and foods were therefore tested for enterotoxin and α-toxin production.
1. Duncan and Strong medium and fructose-chopped meat medium were equally effective for enterotoxin production and sporulation of strains of C. perfringens.
2. The majority of enterotoxin-producing strains derived from patients of food poisoning outbreaks and food handlers produced small amounts of α-toxin (less than 0.05 unit). However, the amounts of α-toxin produced by enterotoxin-producing strains derived from foods varied from strain to strain, and ranged from less than 0.05 to 1.5 units.
3. The amounts of α-toxin produced by enterotoxin-nonproducing strains derived from patients of food poisoning outbreaks, food handlers and food varied, ranging from less than 0.05 to 1.5 units.
4. The amounts of α-toxin produced in fructose-chopped meat medium were not closely related to the size of the white muddy zone around the colonies grown on egg yolk-CW agar. Enterotoxin-producing strains derived from seven outbreaks of food poisoning formed white muddy zones of 3 to 5mm around colonies grown on egg yolk-CW agar.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K) -
Mitsuo OISHI, Nobuyuki IKEJIMA, Yoshihisa IRIKURA, Yukiko FURUKAWA, Ka ...1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 25-29_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the reason why nicotinic acid (NA) was observed in meat during storage, the influence of contaminating bacteria in meat on the conversion of nicotinamide (NAA) to NA was studied using aseptically prepared rabbit liver. When the washed solution of ground meat was added to aseptic liver meat and incubated at 25°C, viable counts of bacteria increased to a level of 108/g after 24hr, and thereafter remained constant. The ability to convert NAA to NA followed the same time course as bacterial growth. In addition, the ability to convert NAA to NA was found in Streptococcus spp. and Enterobacter spp. but not in Pseudomonas spp.
From these results, it was concluded that the contaminating bacteria in ground meat contributed to the conversion of NAA to NA.View full abstractDownload PDF (657K) -
Shozo HORII, Kayoko MIYAHARA, Tsutomu MARUYAMA1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 30-37_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe residual lasalocid sodium (LS) of commercial chicken tissues purchased in the Tokyo area in 1988 was examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The compound was detected at the level of 0.06ppm in one sample (liver) out of 31. This sample was further examined to confirm the presence of LS by using HPLC combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), in which the selected reaction moniotoring (SRM) technique was used. The parent ion was selected at m/z 337 and the daughter ions at m/zz 237, 281 and 319. The SRM chromatograms of the LS-containing sample and LS authentic standard showed the same retention times and single peaks. The signal-to-noise ratios were better than 10 between SRM profiles of a positive sample and a negative sample. The compound was confirmed to be LS by the above-mentioned results.View full abstractDownload PDF (598K) -
Kuniaki OGATA, Emiko HOSOYA, Takao SATO, Susumu KATAGIRI1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 38-42_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEthyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts of C. morifolium were examined for mutagenicity towards strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA98 and TA100) with or without S9 mix. The ethyl acetate extract showed mutagenicity without S9 mix in TA98, but the mutagenicity was lost with S9 mix. The n-butanol and water extracts showed no mutagenicity in TA98 or TA100 with or without S9 mix.
Antibacterial activities of the ethyl acetate extract were examined by using B. cereus, B. subtilis, M. luteus, St. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, TA98 and TA100. This extract showed antibacterial activities towards gram-positive bacterial strains and TA98.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
Ken-ichi NAKAYA, Yoshio KOBAYASHI, Nobuyasu TANAHASHI1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 43-47_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA sensitive and selective method for determination of oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in honey by high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector was developed.
A honey sample was dissolved in 0.1N hydrochloric acid and passed through a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. After washing of the cartridge with water, OTC and CTC were eluted with methanol and purified by counter-ion extraction. The isolated OTC was treated with magnesium acetate-sodium barbital solution and CTC was treated with 0.05M KOH to obtain a fluorescent derivative. OTC and CTC were separated on an Asahipak Gel ODP-50 column and quantitated by fluorometry. The mobile phase for OTC was 0.1M glycine buffer (pH 10)-methanol (20:1) containing 20mM sodium 1-heptane-sulfonate (final concentration) and that for CTC was 0.01M glycine buffer (pH 10)-methanol (5:1).
The recoveries of OTC and CTC added to honey at levels of 0.5ppm and 1ppm were 68.5 and 73.2% for OTC, and 53.1 and 68.1% for CTC, respectively. The limits of detection were 0.02ppm for OTC and 0.005ppm for CTC.View full abstractDownload PDF (572K) -
Katsuhiko IKEBE, Takahiro NISHIMUNE, Ryoichi TANAKA1991 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 48-56_1
Published: February 05, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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