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Volume 35 (1994)
- Issue 6 Pages 585-
- Issue 5 Pages 465-
- Issue 4 Pages 345-
- Issue 3 Pages 233-
- Issue 2 Pages 173-
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Volume 35, Issue 6
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Hisao NAKANISHI1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 585-592
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1173K) -
Michio TAMIYA, Fumikazu KASHIWABARA, Yoshiko WATANABE, Toru ANDO, Toru ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 593-598_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new analytical method was developed for the determination of methoprene, an insecticide, in rice. Methoprene was extracted with n-hexane from powdered samples. The concentrated n-hexane extract was purified by distillation in a Dean-Stark apparatus for 1.5hr, and then cleaned-up with a Sep-pak Florisil cartridge. The eluate was used as test solution. Methoprene in the test solution was determined by UV-HPLC. The chromatography was performed on an Inertsil ODS-2 column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (9:1).
Recovery of methoprene was in the range of 80-86% when the compound was spiked at the concentration of 0.5ppm in rice. The detection limit of methoprene by the proposed method was 0.02ppm. No methoprene was detected in any of 10 samples imported from Thailand, the United States, and P. R. China during November and December, 1993.View full abstractDownload PDF (626K) -
Michiko MIYAHARA, Toshio SHIMADA, Katsutoshi MISE1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 599-604_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFourteen restriction endonucleases (ENases) were found by screening of 118 O antigen reference strains of Vibrio cholerae. Ten of these ENases were partially purified and classified into eight specificity categories. All of them were isoschizomers of already-known ENases. It is of interest that the isoschizomer of EcoRI ENase designated VchO2I was found in V. cholerae O2, since VchO2I, as well as EcoRI, shows high activity at pH 8-9, and most V. cholerae strains can grow well in this pH range.View full abstractDownload PDF (7618K) -
Michiko MIYAHARA, Rie FUJIWARA, Katsutoshi MISE, Toshio SHIMADA, Shu M ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 605-609_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForty-six restriction endonuclease (ENase)-positive strains were found among 270 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus tested. Thirty-six ENases were purified and 7 different specificities were identified. All are isoschizomers of already-known ENases, i. e., isoschizomers of AvaII, AsuI, PmaCI, PstI, Eco31I, EarI, and SapI. It is noteworthy that the majority of V. parahaemolyticus ENases recognize non-palindromic or interrupted palindromic sequences. Specific ENases with the same specificity were found at a high frequency in some serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus.View full abstractDownload PDF (3296K) -
Yoji IITOI, Masahiko ITOH, Masahiko IWAMA, Masae IWASAKI, Yusuke KANKE ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 610-614_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMale rats were fed a diet supplemented with 2% amaranth and/or 10% Kanpyo powder for 30 days. Hepatic cytochrome P-450 content and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT), sulfotransferase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities, as well as intestinal UDPGT and GST activities, were determined. Among the enzymes, only intestinal microsomal UDPGT activity was significantly lowered by amaranth, and this effect was prevented by the addition of Kanpyo powder. Rats fed Kanpyo diet showed a significant increase in hepatic GST activity compared to the untreated rats, regardless of amaranth addition. These data suggest that Kanpyo powder might modify the drugmetabolizing enzyme system, and thus contribute to protection of rats from the harmful effects of xenobiotic compounds such as amaranth.View full abstractDownload PDF (695K) -
Kazuhide ARIMA, Hiroya TANABE1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 615-623_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIdentification of residues of many antibiotics, including tetracyclines (TCs), macrolide antibiotics (Macs.) and aminoglycosides (Amgs), in swine can be carried out by microbioautography. In this study, we developed a method of identification for neutral antibiotics, i. e., chioramphenicol (CP), which can be extracted with diethylether independently of the pH following water extraction, and polypeptolides such as virginiamycin (VGM) and thiopeptin (TPT) by using the cup plating method with Escherichia coli NIHJ or Corynebacterium xerosis NCTC9755 as test bacteria. The detection limit and recovery were determined, and the results were confirmed by microbioautography.
In the preliminary test, more than 50% of CP, VGM or TPT contained in an aqueous solution at pH 4 was transferred into the diethylether layer in the presence or absence of other antibiotics such as Macs. and TCs, whereas these other antibiotics were not transferred at all. However, the transferred amount of TPT was only 54% in the preliminary test and further, the residual amount in the water layer when TPT was added to muscle of swine was 16%. Further improvement of these results remains necessary.
In the recovery test, CP or VGM alone in the presence muscle of swine gave 86% or 51% recovery, respectively and the detection limits were both 0.05ppm.
When CP and other antibiotics (Macs. or TCs) coexisted in the presence of muscle of swine, 82-88% of CP was transferred into the diethylether layer, while 49-87% of Macs. or 54-73% of TCs remained in the water layer, indicating that this method affords satisfactory results. It was concluded that microbioautography is also available for the identification of CP and VGM, and the detection limit is 30-60ng/spot for either of the two antibiotics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1078K) -
Kumiyo TAKATA, Mari MIZUTA, Tatsuhisa MONDEN1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 624-630_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments on detoxication of PSP-infested oysters were performed. Toxic specimens of the oyster Crassostrea gigas from Hiroshima Bay, Hiroshima Prefecture, were used. Average toxicities were 17.6MU/g (sample A) and 36.0MU/g (sample B). The methods of heat treatment were boiling (98°C, 5-60min) and retorting (115°C, 5-60min, or 120°C, 5-60min).
The toxicity was reduced to less than the quarantine limit of 4MU/g during boiling (98°C, 5min) in sample A and was reduced to 4.2MU/g during boiling (98°C, 60min) in sample B. The toxicities were reduced to less than the quarantine limit with retorting (115°C, 120°C, 10min) in sample A and with retorting (115°C, 120°C, 30min) in sample B.
Changes of PSP components with heat treatment were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography. It was found that gonyautoxin (GTX) groups were decreased with heat treatment. GTX4 and GTX1 were decreased initially, followed by GTX3 and GTX2.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
Tamio MAITANI, Da Rong XING, Rie TERAI, Kunitoshi YOSHIHIRA1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 631-635_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVacuum-ultraviolet inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) was applied for tests of carrageenan, and 21 products were analyzed. Sulfate contents in carrageenan were obtained from the sulfur concentrations determined by the ICP. The sulfate contents were in good agreement with those obtained by conventional gravimetry. The ratios of the total quantity of positive charge on Na, K, Mg, and Ca to that of negative charge on sulfate group were calculated from the respective element concentrations. The ratios were about 1 in many carrageenan products as well as carrageenan reagents and sodium dextran-sulfate reagents, while seven carrageenan products gave values above 1.5. Therefore, if metal salts were added to a carrageenan product, it would be difficult to detect the addition based only on this ratio. Some products contained zinc, manganese, and iron in the amounts of 20, 20 and 200μg/g, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (611K) -
Tohru SAKAI, Tomoko IMAMURA, Makoto SATO, Masahiko OGAWA, Kyoko SHIMUR ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 636-644_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for rapid and simultaneous determination of 19 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides was developed by FPD-GC with two kinds of capillary columns (DB-5MS and DB-210). Sample preparation of the 19 pesticides in agricultural products was systematically established as follows. 1) Pesticides in vegetables and fruits were extracted with acetone, re-extracted with dichloromethane, and determined by GC. 2) Pesticides in onion were extracted with acetone by homogenation of a frozen sample in dilute phosphoric acid, and re-extracted with dichloromethane. 3) Pesticides in soybean, redbean and hulled rice were extracted with 30% aqueous acetone, then cleaned up with zinc acetate in order to remove some of the components, including fatty acids, as a precipitate, and re-extracted with dichloromethane. 4) Pesticides in green tea were extracted and re-extracted by the same method as in 3). Then the dichloromethane extract was concentrated to dryness, and the residue obtained was extracted with n-hexane in order to remove insoluble components.
Recoveries and coefficients of variation of the pesticides in all agricultural products were in the ranges of 46.7-120% and 0.1-14.9%, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (992K) -
Yoko UEMATSU, Yuki HATOOKA, Keiko HIRATA, Masako HIROKADO, Masayoshi K ...1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 645-651_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple standard addition head-space GC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 9 organic solvents in flavor. Acceptable residue limits in spice oleoresin are set by the FDA for 7 of the 9 solvents, and the 2 other organic solvents are used as extracting solvents in EC countries.
Samples were measured in vials, to which solvents in ethanol or ethanol alone were added. The vials were tightly capped and kept at 40°C for 20 minutes in a water bath, followed by injection of 500μl of the vapor phase in the vial into the GC column. Poraplot Q (0.32mm i. d.×10m) was used for the separation.
Nine organic solvents (methanol, acetone, isopropanol, hexane, dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, diethylether and ethyl acetate) were separated.
Among 75 samples, methanol in 5, acetone in 24, hexane in 4 and 1, 2-dichloroethane in 1 exceeded the limits for spice oleoresin set by the FDA.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
Toshihiro NAGAYAMA, Maki KOBAYASHI, Hiroko SHIODA, Yukihiro TAMURA1994 Volume 35 Issue 6 Pages 652-660_1
Published: December 05, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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