Dysplasia of the left uterus and ipsilateral renal deficiency were confirmed during ovarian hysterectomy in a 6-month-old female mongrel cat. As the proximal part of the uterus could be accessed with the animal in the normal position, we resected it along with an ovary. Dysplasia of the cat's uterus is usually confirmed with a frequency of approximately 0.1%. In addition, it has been reported in other countries that 30% of cats with uterine dysplasia may have ipsilateral kidney defects. This is the first study from Japan reporting a kidney defect on the ipsilateral side in a cat with segmental uterine dysplasia. As ovariohysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed operations on cats in Japan, clinicians are more likely to encounter cases of uterine defects during this procedure. If uterine abnormalities are confirmed, it is necessary to assess for other ipsilateral embryological abnormalities in the cats.

A 6-month-old, male Yorkshire terrier was referred to Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology hospital with lameness of the right forelimb. Radiographs indicated fracture of the right medial condyle of the humerus. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed for assessing the morphology of the fracture site and to examine the left forelimb in detail. Imaging findings were indicative of medial condylar fracture of the right humerus (Salter-Harris Ⅳ) associated with incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle. The patient underwent surgery for better and more accurate alignment of the fracture. The surgery was performed using a 1.5 mm bone screw, while the K-wire was placed into the humeral condyle. After surgery, lameness disappeared and normal activity was restored. CT scan is, thus, crucial to identify condylar fracture of the humerus to prevent fracture risk of the contralateral limb.

As a preliminary study, 1, 10, 100, and 1,000 U/disc of bovine testis-derived hyaluronidase (bovine t-HAase) were injected into normal canine intervertebral discs, and its chemonucleolytic effect and the establishment of the technical technique were examined. No changes in intervertebral discs were observed, and the inhibition of HAase activity was suggested. As the cause, we focused on the X-ray contrast agent used at the time of intradiscal administration. An enzyme reaction experiment between a hyaluronic acid (HA) substrate and bovine t-HAase with a contrast agent was conducted in vitro, and HAase activity was examined. When the concentrations of Omnipark (Iohexol), a contrast agent, were 0, 9.4, 20.3, 40.5, and 50%, the residual rates of HAase activity were 100, 87.1, 64.4, 43.7. and 50.4%, respectively. Further, when all seven contrast agents (four types) were tested, HAase activity inhibition was observed, tending to correlate with the iodine content. In conclusion, when a contrast agent and an enzyme are used in combination in X-ray fluoroscopy treatment, measurement of the enzymatic activity of the mixed solution is necessary in advance to prevent its inhibition.

Dog guardians’ knowledge and understanding of generic drugs for animal use were surveyed through a questionnaire of 100 people in Imabari-shi and its neighboring areas in Ehime Prefecture, Japan in October, 2019. Prevalence of people who know the existence of generic drugs is nearly 80%, but the definition of the generic drug has not been fully understood by the people. Dog guardians who know the existence of generic drugs of veterinary medical products was, on the other hand, no much than 50%, much less than the prevalence in the case of ethical drugs for human use. Prevalence of dog guardians who like to accept generic drugs for their dogs was about 50%. Requirements of the dog guardians affirmative to generic drugs were summarized to be low price. Conversely, there were dog guardians refusing generic drugs at a prevalence of about 15%, with notion that the drugs were less effective than brand drugs. Although clinical data are not usually required for approval of generic drugs, pharmaceutical companies will be desirable to publicize the information of the generic drugs, especially of their efficacy data.