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原稿種別: 表紙
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
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発行日: 1956/06/05
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原稿種別: 表紙
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
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石塚 喜明, 田中 明
原稿種別: 本文
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
95-99
発行日: 1956/06/05
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In the first report, the two types of growth processes of rice plants were distinguished morphologically. The one is the cool area type and the other is the warm area type. This report describes the nutrio-physiological characterization of these two distinguished types. The same samples which were used in the first were used also in the present experiment. Following are description of the nutrio-physiological characteristics of growth processes studied. l) The cool area type : The temperature at transplanting is very low and unfavourable for revival from damage by transplanting. The level of three manurial elements of seedlings at the time of transplanting is high. This physiological condition of seedlings is furnished by managment of nursery and is favourable to compensate for the handicap by climatic condition. After transplanting, absorption of mineral elements by rice plant is severely interrupted for some time because of the low temperature of paddy soil. After revival, nitrogen absorption becomes more rapid and rice plant begins to tiller actively. When temperature rises, ear-primordia are initiated by the temperature-effect. At this time, phosphorus in soil starts to increase in solubility in connection with the condition of iron in soil, so rice begins to absorb phophorus actively and absorption of the other elements is also facilitated by the active absorption of phosphorus. Thus rice plants continue to tiller after ear-initiation until nitrogen level in leaf-and-stem drops below 1.6%. Even at the time of flowering, nitrogen and phosphorus leves in leaf-and-stem are high. The most part of these elements in leaf-and-stem at flowering stage enters into constituents of ear. 2) The warm area type : The temperature at the time of transplanting is high and phosphorus in soil at that time is more available than in the of cool area. These conditions are favourable for revival from damage by transplanting and for acceleration of elements by plants. So, even if the regenerating power of seedlings is very weak, they revive soon and the level of elements in rice plant rises temporarily after transplanting. But after that period, the power of carbon-assimilation of rice plant becomes compratiuely higher than that of mineral accumulation. So, the level of elements of rice plant drops. In this way, nitrogen level drops below 1.6% at rather an early stage of growth and the number of tillers of rice plant decreases after this period. Ear-Primordia are initiated about two weeks later than the time of maximum tiller number stage through the photo-periodic effect. Nitrogen level at the ear-initiation stage is about 1% and this low nitrogen level seems to be unsuitable for the formation of new organs. At the time of flowering, both nitrogen and phosphorus level in leaf-and-stem are low and only a small amount of these elements is found in leaf-and-stem as storage matter. Elements which enter into the ear as the constituents are chiefly absorbed after flowering. So, the stoppage of the nutrient supply after flowering stage results in serious yield depression in warm area.
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藤原 彰夫, 飯田 周治
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
100-104
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(1) The effects of the potassium supply on the respiration of tomatoes, rice plants and barley seedlings in relation to other factors were fully investigated. (2) All plants in potassium starved condition, showed marked increase in respiration intensity, and the effect on respiration appears rapidly by the slight changes of potassium status in environment. (3) Sodium seems to have no direct connection with the respiratory process. (4) At the time of increase in respiration intensity caused by the addition of glucose, patassium is taken in and the decrease of respiration caused by the consumption of substrate brings excretion of part of the absorbed potassium. (5) Respiration is not intensified by the iron, which has been thought to be activated by potassium. (6) It may be suggested that potassium regulates the respiratory process through direct connection.
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早瀬
原稿種別: 本文
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
104-
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山添
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
104-
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奥田 東, 東久保 勝彦, 河崎 利夫
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
105-108
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(1) The efficiency of soil conditioner (Aerotil) for the reformation of leaky paddy field, by planting rice in the pot shown in Fig.1,was estimated. Consequently, it was observed that the reformative effect of soil conditioner was distinguished and yield of rice correspondingly increased (table 2). (2) The durability of the effect of soil conditioners was investigated since 1952,using Aerotil Wettable Flake, A-22 and Aerotil Dry Form in pot experiments and Krilium, A-22 and CMC were used in plot expriments(1×1m), and crop-planting was repeated several times. The results were as follows : a) The amounts of water stable aggregate of soils treated with soil conditioners were more than control at 3 years after treatment. b) The efficiency of soil conditioners for the facilitation of germination was observed. But the number of seeds germinated was almost equal through all the pot at twenty days after seeding (table 2) c) Tthe effect of soil conditioner for the increase of yield of crops in the pot and plot experiments was not observed (table 3).
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山添
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
108-
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早瀬
原稿種別: 本文
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
108-
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葛西 善三郎, 衣川 堅二郎
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
109-112
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Radiation effects on rice and kidney bean seedlings caused by the absorption of P^<32> were investigated morphologically. The effects of radiation were observed on the leaf growth and root development. The clear injuries were observed in the meristematic portion of root tips of kidney bean.
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早瀬
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
112-
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早瀬
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
112-
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
112-
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鴨下 寛, 小林 輝代子
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
113-114
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Refering to the colour table, provided by Soil Survey in U.S.A.(1937), several kinds of colour disk (see Table 2) were prepared. With colour, produced by rotating this disk, the colour of soils, mostly from upland area (see Table 1) was compared. Designation of eacn colour was made approximately by the name of the soil colours, found on the table. From tne results of this comparison (see Table 3), it was found that reddish colour inclined to increase in the order : Grayish-brown forest soil<Brown forest soil<Reddisn brown soil<Red soil
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本田
原稿種別: 本文
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
114-
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早瀬
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
114-
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山県 登, 山県 頴子
原稿種別: 本文
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
115-118
発行日: 1956/06/05
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Of several horizons of highmoor peat profile from Ozegahara (4.5m in depth, cf. J. Sci. Soil and Manure, Japan 26,365 (1955)) the proximate chemical composition characteristics and process of formation were studied. The peat profile was of typical highmoor on the whole, but it was characterized by the presence of several layers of volcanic ashes in midst and of organic clay in the deepest horizons. We could readily differentiate those peats by their well-decomposed, jelly-like appearance from the other fibrous peat. The difference in chemical composition was also remarkable : the jelly-like peat contained much crude protein and lignin-humus complexes, on the contary, the content of bitumen, hemicelluloses in the fibrous peat was high. These results enabled us to guess the following processes which might have taken place in the peat formation in Ozegahara district. During the time of the formation of the deepest horizons and also of the layers containing volcanic ashes, the environmental condition was supposed to be rather aerobic. Then, the decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose and bitumen was more rapidly performed and the activities of microorganisms resulted in the formation of the large quantities of nitrogenous complexes which remained undecomposed. Thus formed peats resembled in chemical composition rather to lowmoor peat than highmocr peat. With an increase in the age of peat, gradual anaerobic decomposition was considered to be taken place, resulting the deeper the horizon, the higher was the content of lignin-humus complexes or Keppeler's degree of decomposition.
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
118-
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熊田 恭一, 宮里 愿
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
119-122
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Some preliminary studies were performed on the relationships between chemical properties of various soils and the types of their humic acids. The soils were arranged according to humification degree of their humic acids as follows; muck soil>humus-volcanic ash soil>Jagaru(a rendzinalike soil in Okinawa Isle)>alluvial soil>diluvial soil.It was noticed that the types and the amounts of humic acids depended upon not only acidity, calcium cotent, aeration etc. of the soil, but also its geologica1 origin remarkably.
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米田 茂男
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
123-127
発行日: 1956/06/05
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It is the purpose of this paper to study the methods for evaluating the consistency of dry and wet soil and their significance as a measure of soi1 tilth. Degree of penetration is measured by the force required to penetrate a standard needle into the soil sample. To find the ultimate breaking strength, the soil is molded into a small cylindrical briquette and the force required to break the briquette at its center part, is measured. Crushing strength is measured with the same cylindrical briquette by the force required to crush it. Natural breaking strength is the force required to break the cyindrical bripuette prepared by wetting the soil by capillary. The results obtained with the heavy clay polder soils have shown that the tilth of Gypsum- and Krilium- treated soils and also of pastured soils was more favourably improved as compared with that of standard soils.
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
127-
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
127-
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阿部
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
128-
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
128-
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阿部
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
128-
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麻生
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
128-129
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阿部
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
129-
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寺沢
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
129-
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寺沢
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
129-
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
129-130
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
130-
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熊田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
130-
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寺沢
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
130-
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大島
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
130-131
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
131-
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阿部
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
131-
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本田
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
131-
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麻生
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
131-132
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阿部
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
132-
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石塚
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
132-
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石塚
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
132-
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
132-133
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
133-
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
133-
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岸本
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1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
133-
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原稿種別: 付録等
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
134-
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原稿種別: 付録等
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
App2-
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原稿種別: 表紙
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
Cover3-
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原稿種別: 表紙
1956 年 27 巻 3 号 p.
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