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55 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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柴田 松次郎1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 205
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (251K) -
大柳 富夫1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 206-215
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper presents a review of nitrogen-oxides emission control technology by combustion modification and by altering combution condition. The influence of factors-mixing, swirl, recirculating flow, turbulence, oscillation, high temperature, high pressurs reburning and additives-on NO formation and a cooleddisk burner as low NOx emission burner are reviewed. In addition nonuniformities and rates of mixin ghave important effects on NO formation, therefore, the influence of mixture ratio of reactants for premixed flame, and diffusion flame are also described.
As NO formation in combustion is markedly affected by combustion condition, we can control a large amount of NO emission by using suitable burner parameters .抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1464K) -
尾崎 博巳1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 216-234
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーEnvironmental regulations to prevent air pollutions will become stricter in the future. As the sulfur level of fuel oils low enough for such regulations cannot be achieved by the present direct hydrodesulfurizers, the investigations are being made on the deep direct hydrodesulfurization. Even in these cases, atmospheric residual oils containing much heavy metals are difficult to be desulfurized, because of poisoning of catalysts by the metals. Therefore, in order to desulfurize such atmospheric residual oils to the satisfactory low sulfur level, it is necessary to employ an indirect desulfurization which removes sulfur from the vacuum gas oil without blending it with the vacuum residual oil. As a result, the amount of the vacuum residual oil thus by-produced in 1977 is estimated to reach as much as thirty million tons per year. For the purpose of utilizing this vacuum residual oil, many studies have been reported.
In this paper, catalytic cracking as well as thermal cracking of vacuum residual oils for obtaining feed oils to indirect hydrodesulfurizers will be reviewed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2234K) -
高安 正躬, 安念 芳昭, 森田 義郎1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 235-243
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーNatural are of pyrite (FeS2), hematite (α-Fe2O3) and pyrite sinder (α-Fe2O3) obtained from a manufactory of sulfuric acid showed low activity in the reduction of NO with NH3, On the other hand, calcined pyrite was found to be very active in the reaction. Pyrite calcined at 450°C showed the most highest activity. The degree of NO conversion was 100% under the conditions of NO 300ppm, NH3 300ppm, O2 15%, SO2 500ppm, H2O 10%, CO 1%, N2 balance, SV 8000 hr-1 and reaction temperature 400°C.
The calcined pyrite mainly consisting of hematite (α-Fe2O3) were porous and had larger BET surface area compared with natural are of pyrite.
The activity of the calcined pyrite for the reaction became higher when it was treated with a solution of sulfuric acid. The reason seem to be attributed to the fact that ferrous sulfate were formed on the surface of the calcined pyrite by the acid treatment. On the other hand, the activity of the calcined pyrite was suppressed by the treatment with a solution of nitric acid or hydrochloric acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2791K) -
加藤 隆, 伊藤 博徳, 大内 公耳, 相馬 純吉1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 244-253
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーCoal tar pitch, naphtha cracking pitch, oil produced from coal hydrogenolysis and two kinds of petroleum residual oil, which have the wide range of H/C value (0.6-1.7) and C% (93.5-84.4%), were analysed by IR-, n-d-, 1H-NMR-, 13C-NMR- and computer-method. The structural parameters were compared each other and the problems discussed.
The pitches which are rich in aromatic part have good coincidence in all methods, so it was recomended to use computer method which gave the greatest numbers of the structural parameters.
For the samples which are rich in aliphatic part, the values of x (y) or εar/εal gave big influence on the structural parameters in IR and 1H-NMR method. They are able to be obtained experimentally from 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR measurement. 13C-NMR method is the one which utilizes the results of both 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR and thought to be the most reliable method. Computer method coincides well with 13C-NMR method. No utilization of costful 13C-NMR and to be able to get more structural parameters than others are its superiority, but for the sample rich in aliphatic part there are many of the possibility of the set of structural parmeters which coincide to the practical data. In these cases the increase of the precision of experimental data must be required.
Finally the structural models of each sample were proposed on the bases of struc-tural parameters obtained by computer method. The calculated x values of these model structure well coincide with those obtained from experimental values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1214K) -
(1) 石炭メチル化物について塚島 寛, 加藤 勉, 脇田 文雄, 車 哲治, 根井 仁三郎1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 254-263
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーReductive methylation of Tempoku, Taiheiyo, and Yubari coals and pyridine extract and residue of Yubari coal were carried out. Molecular structure of the reaction products was investigated by IR-spectra, nagative charges added per 100 carbon atoms, benzene solubility, and the contents of oxygen-containing groups before and after treatment with K/THF/Naphthalene/CH3I. Furthermore, as the methylated pyridine extract become more dissolving in banzene than the others (>90%), fractionna-tion was done with n-hexana and acetone, and then the average molecular structure of each fraction was estimated by NMR -spectra.
Nagative charges and solubility in benzene of coals treated were increased with increasing the amount of naphthalene and with reaction time. The solubility of methylated coals in benzene was more belileved to be due to the number of CH3 groups introduced and the formation of naphthene rings than to be due to the degradation of aromatic rings. From the estimation of oxygen-containing functional groups, it was found that the more hydroxyl content in coal decreased, the more methoxyl content increased by reductive methylation. Mechanism of methylation and naphthene rings formation of aromatic rings occured during reductive methylation were alsoi nterpreted from the structural prameters of NMR.
The structural parameters by Williams method did not partially agree with those obtained by Brown, Lander and Takeya's method e. g. number of aromatic rings and these carbon atoms per molecule.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1280K) -
蓮井 寛, 大道 秀邁1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 264-269
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe Mitsui SO2 and NOx removal wet process embodies ideal features for a process to clean up SO2 and NOx emissions by absorption of them in aqueous solution of FeII. EDTA.
This process consists of four steps: (1) Scrubbing of SO2 and NOx in flue gas at 40-60°C: FeII·EDTA+NOx→FeII NO·EDTA, FeII·EDTA+O2-4FeIII·EDTA, FeIII·EDTA+SO2→FeIII·SO2·EDTA.(2) Electrolytic reduction of FeIII·EDTA to FeII·EDTA at 40-100°C: FeIIIEDTA+e→FeII·EDTA.(3) Stripping of SO2 and NO by heating the solution to 100-110°C: FeII·NO·EDTA→FeII·EDTA+NO (g), FeII·SO2·EDTA→FeII·EDTA+SO2 (g) (4) Gasphase catalytic oxidation at 400-500°C forming SO3: SO2+NO→SO3+N2.
The regeneration of the solution absorbed SO2 and NO is accomplished by elec-trolytic reduction and stripping. The regenerated FeII·EDTA solution is recycled to a absorber. The conc. sulfuric acid is recovered from SO3 gas.
The electrolytic reduction step can be replaced by modified Claus reaction of H2S with SO2 and FeIII·EDTA. The elemental sulfur is recovered in this reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (720K) -
1976 年 55 巻 4 号 p. 276-279
発行日: 1976/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (609K)
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