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Volume 12, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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HIROYUKI SOEDA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 43-60
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmong alkali-earth ions, barium is specific in causing some excitable cells to produce an action potential resembling that of cardiac muscle either in the presence or absence of external sodium ions. Fatt and Ginsborg showed that in crustacean muscle fibers kept in barium solution the amplitude of the action potential depends on the barium concentration, and they concluded that an influx of barium ions could account for the observed action potentials. Our recent experiments on bariumtreated amphibian neuron soma has led to the same conclusion.Another characteristic action of barium is a marked stimulation of muscle of all types. Muscles display vigorous contractions under the presence of barium ions. In contrast, other alkali-earth ions have no such stimulating action, and calcium in particular has stabilizing action although its ionic nature resembles barium ion. The primary purpose of this study is to clarify the origin of spontaneous contractions in barium-treated amphibian skeletal muscle. The antagonism between barium and calcium actions on the muscle and the influence of barium on neuromuscular transmission have also been investigated.View full abstractDownload PDF (8325K) -
KENICHI NODA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 61-71
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe state of ions within the cell, particularly the compartmentarization of ions, has been surmised from the experimental observation of the transmembrane exchangeability of tracer ions. The results thus obtained suggest that the cell contains a considerable quantity of freely diffusible ions. However, the precise location and behaviour of intracellular ions remain obscure and moreover, the transmembrane exchangeability is not closely related to the intracellular diffusivity of which understanding is the main purpose to be achieved in this experiment. Harris(11) stated that the internal mixing of the potassium is slow. In the present paper, K ion, being the major intracellular cation, has been studied in connection with the magnitude of diffusion capable of being produced by potential gradient applied externally. In the previous paper (15), it was clarified that the ionic contents in some restricted region within the muscle cell were locally regulated by the function of the immediately adjacent plasma membrane rather than by the ionic state in the neighbouring protoplasmic interior. This report will disclose the state of internal cations which are maintained at a fixed concentration level, as either the results of or cause for transmembrane ionic fluxes, and may also offer a suggestion as to the concept that the driving force on the potassium ion in an outward direction is the potential energy (1). The estimation of the intracellular diffusivity of potassium ion may be a measure of the property of this ion which is an important element for physiological phenomena of the cell.View full abstractDownload PDF (1055K) -
YOSHIHIKO ARAKAWA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 72-76
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
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ISHIHARA NOBUMITSU1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 77-85
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the discovery of the enzyme arginase in extracts of mammalian liver, many investigators have reported the presence of arginase activtiy in many other tissues and various neoplastic tissues. In 1948, Mardashev, Semina and Van Scott demonstrated, independently, that the arginase activity in the skin was located predominantly in the epidermis. Enzyme activity was also found to be significantly higher in the rapidly growing neoplastic tissue than in normal tissue. Since ultraviolet light is a known carcinogen, it was attempted, in the present study, to observe the initial effects of carcinogenic ultraviolet light to the arginase activity in the epidermis and liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K) -
KYUICHI TANIKAWA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 86-91
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe increasing use of liver biopsy technique in recent years, has caused Dubin-Johnson syndrome to become a relatively common disease and much attention has been paid to the characteristic pigment granules in the liver cell and its relationship to jaundice.This report is devoted to the electron microscopic observation of the liver in this disease with a special attention given to the changes of the excretory organelles, and a discussion concerning the mechanism of jaundice in this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (7246K) -
HISATOSHI IKUTA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 92-107
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistochemical studies of the callus as an important element of fracture repair have been reported by Bourne (1943, 1956), Urist and Johnson (1943), Mäjno and Rouiller (1951), Pritchard (1956), Miike (1959), Sonoda (1961), Udupa and Prasad (1963), and Uher (1964). However, the ossifying mechanism of the callus, localization and quantitative change of various substances participating in ossification and their interrelationship have not been sufficiently clarified. Using cryostat sections and acridine orange fluorescence method for detection of acid mucopolysaccharides, the author has studied with histochemical technique in order to prove the ossifying mechanism and obtain a clear picture of behavior of alkaline phosphatase, glycogen, acid mucopolysaccharides and calcium.View full abstractDownload PDF (7365K) -
AKIRA UETA1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 108-109
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
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TAKESUKE MUTEKI1965 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 110-117
Published: October 31, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn recent years, remarkable advancement has been made in cardiac resuscitation, and clinical data indicate that the resuscitation rate has been greatly improved. This advancement can be attributed to the introduction of the closed chest cardiac massage (CCCM), which marks an epoch in resuscitology.However, CCCM must be administered by well trained individuals to preclude the development of complications, such as rib and sternal fractures, bone marrow emboli, liver or spleen lacerrations. In the case of an obese patient, particularly one with a thick thorax, this technique may be inadequate to provide sufficient flow of blood to the brain. In such cases, should brute force be applied, in an attempt to obtain satisfactory efficacy, the forementioned complications are unavoidable.The author has attempted to develop a technique that will furnish the efficacy of the CCCM but does not require the violent force necessary to depress the sternum. Furthermore, the author developed a new technique of cardiac resuscitation through the oesophagus by inflating a balloon rhythmically which was inserted an appropriate level of the oesophagus behind the heart. The balloon was connected by a thick-walled long tube to another balloon that was placed on the sternum. Thus, the combined technique of CCCM was accomplished from both sternal and oesophageal side by depressing the balloon on the sternum and concomitantly inflating the balloon in the esophagus.The purpose of this study is to determine whether the new technique would be sufficient to support CCCM without the need for violent force which can cause severe complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (5139K)
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