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Volume 7, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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EIJI KIMOTO, YUKIO TANAKA, TOMOO ABE1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 1-12
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cells and connective tissue fibers, which come into immediate contact with an irritant, undergo the degenerative and retrogressive changes, frequently progressing towards necrosis. Soon, the surviving mesenchymal cells of the surrounding region undergo the changes which have marked protective potentialities.Recently, Selye (1, 2) has introduced an inclusive concept (Adaptation syndrome) concerning a more practical nature in the participation of these cells in the inflammatory response. These subjects have been studied mainly from the viewpoint of morphological pathology.However, though most inflammatory reactions take place in the matrix, most studies that deal with inflammation neglect the role of ground substances, of which the main components are acid mucopolysaccharides (AMP).It is generally recognized that AMP is produced in a number of pathologically occurring and experimentally induced subacute or chronic inflammatory tissues (3) and also in an early stage of healing wound (4) and that AMP may be concernn with the formation of collagen fibers in some way (5).It is quite important, we consider, that more attention should be devoted to study the participation of AMP upon the inflammatory response.When the tissue is exposed to injury, the noxious substances such as amines and (basic) peptides are produced by proteolysis and decarboxylation. It seems possible that AMP, hydrophylic acidic colloid of large molecular weight, may take part in the colloid chemical reaction with these noxious substances.In this present work, we examined the physico-chemical interaction between. AMP and basic noxious substances, and also the influence of AMP upon the disruption of mesentery mast cells due to the administration of amine or basic peptide and upon the inflammatory vascular reaction induced by histamine or leukotaxine.View full abstractDownload PDF (3732K) -
V. ON THE MILDEW RESISTANCE OF CANVAS RAINCOAT IMPREGNATED WITH PENTACHLOROPHENOLMITSURU SHIRAKAWA1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 13-25
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe results of this experiment are summarized and discussed as follows:The mere cotton fabrics which were not dyed and not treated with any fungicide (No. 1) showed clear growth of mildew, in the dipping method in the mycelial suspension, both about the 24 hours washed materials and about the unwashed materials, and had almost no antimildew power.The merely dyed materials (No. 2) showed extreme growth of mildew on the cloth of in both washed and unwashed, but among the unwashed materials some showed somewhat weaker growth of mildew than No. 1 and seemed to have some antimildew power by dyeing.About the materials No. 3 treated with fungicide for preventing mildew, the unwashed ones showed almost no growth of mildew and were found to keep considerable antimildew power, but the antimildew power after 24 hours washing nearly disappeared and the extreme growth of mildew was shown.No. 4 materials, which were dyed and treated with fungicide showed almost the same results as No. 3, but in both washed and unwashed materials, the growth of mildew was fairly weaker than that in the No. 3, and seemed to notice the effects of dyeing and antimycelial treatment for mildew prevention.The rubberized and vulcanized cloth materials of the canvas raincoat (No. 5) showed no growth of mildew in both washed and unwashed ones and could be said to have nearly complete antimildew power.The yarns (No. 6) must have had somewhat antimildew power so long as they were treated by the fungicide, but in the mildew resistance tests of this methods did not show any antimildew power. If they were, however, tested by the quantity of mildew in proportion to the contained quantity of sodium pentachlorophenate, these yarns would show their corresponding antimildew power.According to the method of arranging on the mycelial mat, generally the growth of mildew on the materials was difficult in both unwashed and washed materials, and the sustaining power for mildew through this method was not much expected. However, for the purpose of examination of the breaking strength of the specimens exposed to the mildew, this method was essential.View full abstractDownload PDF (9902K) -
YOH NAKAGAWA, MASAHIRO NAKAMURA, TSUNEO IDEGUCHI, SUSUMU KATORI1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 26-33
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported that the two strains of mouse encephalomyelitis virus named GD VII and FA, respectively, accidentally discovered by Theiler and Gard (1) during experiments with yellow fever, have been shown to be immunologically related to each other. However, the differences in the biological properties, except hemagglutinating activities, between two viruses have not yet been demonstrated.In the hemagglutination, there is the evidence that the GD VII virus agglutinate human 0 type red cells at 4°C in saline (2), whereas the FA virus is unable to agglutinate human 0 type cells at 4°C in saline, but is capable of hemagglutinating chicken cells at 4.. in 1. 5% CaCl2 (3).In the present paper, some properties of the viruses, for instance, heat, ether and acetone stabilities which have not been reported are demonstrated.View full abstractDownload PDF (600K) -
KOKI ABE, KUNIO YANO, MASATANE MORIYAMA, MATUO MIZOBE, TOSHIHARU FURUK ...1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 34-41
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
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YOH NAKAGAWA, RINPEI ISHII1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 42-49
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the discovery of the influenza virus hemagglutination by Hirst (1), a number of other viruses have been found to possess the similar capacity of agglutinating red cells, and this reaction has become a useful tool in both the cinical and the immunological fields.Concerning the hemagglutination of the mouse encepholomyelitis virus GD VII strain and FA strain belonging to neurotropic viruses, Lahelle and Horsfall (2) (1949) reported that the GD VII strain virus agglutinated the human O type erythrocytes at 4°C, and Nakagawa and Kodama (3) found that the FA strain virus could agglutinate the chicken red cells at 4°C when a 1.5% CaCl2 solution was used as a reaction medium. Therefore, it would seem that these hemagglutinating properties differed from the hemagglutination (HA) of myxovirus (4) (5).Resently, Cox and Pirtle (6) made out formalin-treated erythrocytes (PHE) which were established by Flick (7), and reported that when they were used for HA of the influenza virus, the hemagglutination titer (HAT) was increased. The paper presented here is the studies on HA of neurotropic virues and a influenza virus using f ormalin-treated erythrocytes from the considerations of HA conditions, concentration of formalin, reaction media, their pH reaction, temperatures, and effect of RDE and enzyme-treatment. In addition, the effects of formalin-treatment on the virus receptor of erythrocytes will be reported.View full abstractDownload PDF (846K) -
RINPEI ISHII, MASAHIRO NAKAMURA1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 50-55
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 1948, Flick (1) established the influenza A virus hemagglutination (HA) using formalinized erythrocytes. Cox and Pirtle (2) investigated to improve the treating method of erythrocytes which had natural hemagglutinating properties caused by formalin treatment, and reported the virus hemagglutination in which the reaction was able to be read by Salk's pattern method (3) and the erythrocytes used were very stable for storage for a long period.One of the authors has developed the study on the mechanism of hemagglutination of influenza virus and the GDVII strain of mouse encephalomyelitis virus (4) using f ormalinized erythrocytes (PHE), for a part of the research of Nakagawa (5) who has been making studies on the receptors of erythrocytes for virus hemagglutination.The paper presented here indicates that the fact that formalinized erythrocytes are quite stable in the virus hemagglutination was illustrated by the grade of receptor destruction by means of the receptor-destroying-enzyme (RDE) treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (491K) -
KIYOSI TAKAYAMA1960 Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 56-75
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the course of the study to see if candidaphage could be isolated by spotmethod using candidas which were isolated from sputums of consumptives as the indicators and faeces of the same patients as the phage materials, a phenomenon that a saprophyte at the spot had been dissolving the surrounding candida colonies was observed. The saprophyte was then isolated, identified and its anticandida action has been studied.Identification of the saprophyte: The saprophyte was identified as Bacillus subtilis according to Bergey's a Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (Seventh Edition). The Bacillus subtilis is given a tentative name of Bacillus subtilis var . N T strain.The properties of the Bacillus subtilis are as follows:Gram positive, bacillus, length 0.9 to 1.8 microns (Fig. 1), spore 0.6 to 0.9 microns, ellipsoidal, middle-present, thin-walled, encapsulated, inflagellated.Broth: Good clear growth with heavy, tough pellicle. Sabouraud agar plate: Good growth forming heavy, grey, slightly moist, slimy, spreading and rough colonies (Fig. 2).Catalase reaction: Positive.Potato: Good growth, the colonies are small, grey, keenly fringed serrated and adherent and then the colonies conglutinate one another map-like and turn brown in the process of culture.Milk: Not coagulated.Gelatin stab: Liquefaction craterif orm to stratiform.Glycerin stab: Good growth, pink zone under the surface is observed.Voges-Proskauer reaction: Positive.Acid but no gas (by means of Barsiekow's peptone water) from arabinose, xylose, glucose, sucrose and mannitol. No acid from lactose.Optimum pH of Sabouraud broth culture is 5.3 to 7.4.Optimum growth temperature is 37°C.Conditions in which the bacillus produces anti-candida substances, extraction method of anti-candida substances, general properties, anti-candida and anti-bacterial spectra, test of virulence and animal experiment of the extracted substances are mentioned below.View full abstractDownload PDF (10613K)
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