本研究は，外向性・内向性を印象づける自己呈示の前後で呈示者の顕在的・潜在的外向性に変化が生じるか，および公的状況（隣室に他者がいて，その人に個人情報を伝えたうえで自己呈示する）と私的状況（録音のみで個人情報も明かさずに自己呈示する）でその変化の大きさが異なるかを検討した。62名の参加者を2（呈示特性：外向性・内向性）×2（状況：公的・私的）の4条件に無作為に割り当てた。顕在的・潜在的外向性のそれぞれについて，測定時点（自己呈示前・後）を個人内要因とする3要因の分散分析を行った。その結果，潜在的外向性についての測定時点の主効果のみが有意であり，自己呈示は呈示特性，状況にかかわらず潜在的外向性を高める一方，顕在的外向性には影響しないことが示された。潜在的外向性に変化が生じたメカニズムや先行研究との結果の不一致が生じた理由，特に直前の測定が顕在的外向性の変化を抑制した可能性について考察した。

本研究は，自己像の不安定性が自己注目に影響し，自己注目から心理的ストレス反応に影響するプロセスにおけるアイデンティティの媒介効果について検討することを目的とした。大学生および大卒者を対象とした質問紙調査を行い，構造方程式モデリングを行った。その結果，自己像の不安定性は反芻，混乱を強め，反芻，混乱はともに心理的ストレス反応を全体的に強めていた。省察は統合を強め，混乱を弱めていた。混乱は心理的ストレス反応を全体的に強める一方，統合は無気力を弱めるのみであった。同じモデルで媒介分析を行った結果，アイデンティティは，反芻と心理的ストレス反応の間で部分媒介，省察と心理的ストレス反応の間で完全媒介していた。本研究の結果から，アイデンティティの問題は自己像の不安定性に起因した反芻，混乱によってメンタル不調に陥る可能性があること，自己像の不安定性および反芻への介入がメンタル不調の予防に有効であることが推測される。

本研究の目的は，就学前の子どもの年齢で分けた3群（第1子が1歳，3歳，5歳）において，父親における妻へのサポートが育児関与を介して主観的幸福感を説明している程度を検討することである。600人の父親を対象にインターネット調査を実施した。3群における各尺度の測定不変性の検討が行われた。その上で，3群の多母集団同時分析により，「妻へのサポート」から「しつけ」と「家事」には有意なパスが示されたが，「しつけ」と「家事」から「主観的幸福感」には有意なパスは示されなかった。また，3歳児の子をもつ父親において他の2群に比べて，「妻へのサポート」から「心理的ケア」により強いパス，「心理的ケア」から「主観的幸福感」により強いパスがそれぞれ示された。子どもの発達に伴って，父親の育児関与の様相は変化し，3歳頃の子どもとの心理的ケアによる関わりが，父親自身の主観的幸福感を高めるという有益な知見が得られた。

Researchers have defined privacy consciousness as the extent of awareness regarding privacy for the self and others. This study investigated the relationship between privacy consciousness and narcissistic personality—an exaggerated sense of self-importance. University students (N=155) responded to scales assessing privacy consciousness for the self and others. Additionally, scales were employed to assesses narcissistic tendencies, including hypervigilance and obliviousness. The results indicated that participants who scored higher on hypervigilance tended to report taking actions to preserve their privacy. Moreover, those who scored higher for both obliviousness and hypervigilance were less likely to act to maintain others’ privacy.

The study investigated the correlation between alexithymia, empathy, and emotion regulation strategies. Results of a questionnaire survey of 161 females indicated that those with higher affective alexithymia displayed lower cognitive empathy, particularly when employing a reappraisal strategy. The findings indicate that alexithymia is linked to reduced empathy toward others and one’s own emotional awareness. Therefore, emotion regulation techniques may be able to inhibit lower empathy associated with alexithymia. Future research should explore the link to psychological maladjustment and potential clinical applications.

This study examined the effectiveness of self-compassionate writing intervention as a preventive measure for eating disorders. The effects of the intervention were measured using scales of body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, self-compassion, and body appreciation. Participants in the analysis were 30 female university students randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the effects on the drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction might exist. However, further examination in future studies is necessary to confirm these findings.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of psychological well-being (PWB) on the relationship between trait mindfulness and repetitive negative thinking (RNT). RNT is a common factor in several mental illnesses, and a high level of trait mindfulness is reported to reduce it. Moreover, trait mindfulness is reported to promote PWB, and PWB is expected to reduce RNT. Results of an online survey of 152 individuals and mediation analysis showed that PWB significantly mediated the relationship between trait mindfulness and RNT. The results suggest that trait mindfulness may reduce RNT by promoting PWB.

This study investigated the relationship between gambling addiction and the Dark Triad among Japanese adult gamblers. The study participants were 360 Japanese adult gamblers. They were asked to complete an online questionnaire measuring their Dark Triad traits and the level or degree of their gambling addiction.

The results showed that Machiavellianism and narcissism were correlated with gambling addiction among men, whereas psychopathy was correlated with gambling addiction among both men and women. These results are partially consistent with those of previous studies conducted with Western samples.

This study examined the impact of direct and indirect contact experiences with developmental disabilities on college students’ attitudes toward such conditions. A total of 185 students participated in this study, responding to a questionnaire and paper-format implicit association test. Multiple regression analyses revealed that direct contact with conditions such as social and institutional support, acquaintance potential, equal status, and cooperation, as suggested by the contact hypothesis, positively affected attitudes toward developmental disabilities. Conversely, direct contact without meeting those conditions negatively impacted these attitudes. Furthermore, the study revealed that certain indirect contact experiences positively influenced attitudes toward developmental disabilities.

This study aimed to examine the psychological processes that occur in the background of the tendency to prefer stylish masks under mask mandates by establishing a model that focuses on the expectation of psychological efficacy. A web-based survey of 447 adult women was conducted in February 2023. The analysis results showed that the cognition of psychological efficacy is associated with a preference for stylish masks. In addition, the desire for social approval related to the expectation of psychological efficacy. This process is similar to that of other types of personal adornment.

Using the self-determination theory as the basis, this study examined the differences in the effects of two modes of anger suppression—self-initiated and externally induced persuasion—on the subscale of anger rumination. Eighty-seven university students were first asked to recall hypothetical situations where angersuppression occurred and then complete a survey using the anger rumination scale. Results of multilevel structural equation modeling indicated that memory of anger was higher when the anger was suppressed due to external persuasion compared to scenarios where it was suppressed by the individuals themselves. Therefore, self-determination is an effective approach to anger suppression that does not contribute to an increase in experience