Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)
Online ISSN : 1882-1006
Print ISSN : 0015-6426
ISSN-L : 0015-6426
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Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-28 of 28 articles from this issue
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  • Changes of Fatty Acid Profiles of Hepatic Subcellular Fractions and Plasma Lipids in Rats Given Iron-Deficient Diet and/or Ethanol
    Toshiko HIROSUE, Yutaro HOSOGAI
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 367-373_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.367
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    This investigation was undertaken to elucidate the effects of iron-deficiency and/or ethanol ingestion on lipid metabolism of female rat liver.
    Forty Wistar female rats (about 40g b. w.) were fed a normal diet (Fe: 40ppm) or an iron-deficient diet (Fe: 5ppm) for 8 weeks. Ethanol (10%) was simultaneously given to half of each group as drinking water for the last 4 weeks. Rats were killed, the liver was removed, and the lipid from the homogenate was extracted and separated into several fractions. The fatty acids were determined by GC.
    In rats fed the iron-deficient diet, the proportions of the following fatty acids with respect to the total fatty acid levels were increased: 22:6 in hepatic phospholipid, 18:2 and 18:3 in hepatic mitochondrial lipid, 18:2 in hepatic microsomal lipid, and 18:0 and 22:6 in plasma lipid, and conversely those of the following fatty acids were reduced: 16:1, 18:1 and 20:4 in hepatic phospholipid, and 16:1 and 18:1 in plasma lipid. In normal rats given ethanol, the proportions of the following fatty acids with respect to the total fatty acid levels were increased: 16:1 in phospholipid, 12:0, 14:0, 16:1, 18:1 and 18:3 in mitochondrial lipid, 12:0, 14:0 and 16:1 in microsomal lipid, and 16:1 in plasma lipid, while the proportions of 18:0, 20:4, 24:0 and 22:6 in mitochondrial lipid were reduced. In the iron-deficient animals given ethanol, the percentages with respect to the total fatty acid of 24:0 in phospholipid, of 14:0, 16:0 and 18:3 in mitochondrial lipid and of 14:0 in microsomal lipid were increased, but those of 18:0 and 22:6 in mitochondrial lipid were reduced.
    The data might suggest that iron-deficiency alleviates the change in the fatty acid patterns of rat liver caused by ethanol.
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  • Changes of Lipid and Fatty Acid Profiles in Brain of Rats Given Iron-Deficient Diet and/or Ethanol
    Toshiko HIROSUE, Syuichi ADACHI, Yutaro HOSOGAI
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 374-379_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.374
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    This investigation was undertaken to elucidate the effects of iron-deficiency and/or ethanol ingestion on lipid metabolism of rat brain.
    Forty Wistar female rats (about 40g b. w.) were fed a normal diet (Fe: 36.0ppm) or an iron-deficient diet (Fe: 2.2ppm) for 8 weeks. Ethanol (10%) was simultaneously given to half of each group as drinking water for the last 4 weeks. The rats were killed, the brain was removed, and the lipid from the homogenate was extracted and separated into several components. The fatty acids were determined by GC.
    In rats fed the iron-deficient diet, the contents of total lipid, phospholipid and cholesterol did not significantly differ from those in the animals fed the normal diet. However, the proportions of 18: 2n-6 to the total lipid and phospholipid were increased, whereas those of 16:1n-7 were reduced, and the ratio of 20:4/18:2 was decreased. In normal rats given ethanol, the contents of lipids were not significantly different from those in the normal diet group. The percentages of 18:2n-6 with respect to total fatty acid levels were increased in the phospholipid fraction, and the ratio of 20:4/18:2 was decreased. In the iron-deficient animals, ethanol had no significant effect on the contents of lipids, and on the percentages with respect to the total fatty acid levels except for a decrease of 14:0 in total lipid fraction.
    The data might suggest that ethanol ingestion under an iron-deficient condition ameliorates the effect of ethanol on the lipid metabolism of rat brain.
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  • Lipid Peroxidation in Liver and Plasma of Rat Induced by Iron-Deficient Diet and/or Ethanol
    Toshiko HIROSUE, Shuichi ADACHI, Yutaro HOSOGAI
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 380-384_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.380
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    This investigation was undertaken to elucidate the effects of iron-deficiency and/or ethanol ingestion on lipid peroxidation of rat liver and plasma.
    Forty Wistar female rats (about 40g b. w.) were fed a normal diet (Fe: 40ppm) or an iron-deficient diet (Fe: 5ppm) for 8 weeks. Half of them in each group were given 10% ethanol as drinking water for the last 4 weeks. The rats were killed, the liver was removed, and the homogenate was prepared for determination of the contents of thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBA-V), glutathione (GSH), ubiquinone (UQ), ubiquinol (UQH2), α-tocopherol (α-Toc) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD).
    In the rats fed iron-deficient diet, lipid peroxidation as reflected by TBA-V was significantly lower in liver homogenate and plasma, and the contents of reduced and oxidized UQ (UQ9, UQH29) in liver homogenate were higher than those in the animals fed the normal diet. In the normal rats given ethanol, TBA-V did not differ significantly from that in the animals fed normal diet alone, although the content of GSH was decreased and the content of α-Toc. was increased in liver homogenate of the ethanol-treated group. In the iron-deficient animals given ethanol, there was an increase of UQH29 content in liver, but no other significant change compared with animals fed the iron-deficient diet.
    These data might suggest that the iron-deficient condition protects the animals against free radical attack caused by ethanol ingestion.
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  • Determination of Rutin and Quercetin in Processed Foods by Fast Semi-micro High Performance Liquid Chromatography
    Hisaya TERADA, Masaki MIYABE
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 385-391_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.385
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    A simple and widely applicable method for the simultaneous determination of rutin and quercetin in processed foods by fast semi-micro high performance liquid chromatography was developed. The sample was refluxed with methanol on a hot water bath at 90°C and cleaned up by use of a Sep-pak C18 cartridge. The extract was chromatographed on a semi-micro column (2.1mm i. d×80mm) packed with Capcell Pak C18-SG120 (particle size 3μm) with a mobile phase of methanol-water-0.5M oxalic acid (13:36:1). Detection was achieved with a UV monitor set at 350nm. The separation was attained in 18min without gradient elution.
    The recoveries from buckwheat flour, soba-boro (confectionery), chocolate, soft drinks, and ham fortified with the standard mixture at levels of 2.0 to 100μg/g were 83.9-99.4% (C. V. 0.8-7.3%) for rutin and 84.7-93.8% (C. V. 1.5-5.8%) for quercetin. The detection limit was 0.05μg/g for each compound.
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  • Simultaneous Determination of Penicillins and Sulfonamides in Milk by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
    Ruriko HIMEI, Keiko KOIDE, Isao TSUJI, Seishi YAMAMOTO, Masakazu HORIE ...
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 392-397_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.392
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    A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of three penicillinase resistant penicillin derivatives (cloxacillin, dicloxacillin and nafcillin) and two sulfonamides (sulfamonomethoxine and sulfadimethoxine) in milk by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed. The samples were prepared by extraction with acetonitrile followed by liquid-liquid partition with n-hexane for clean up. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC utilizing a UV detector with a timer which changed the wavelength of detection at a programmed time. The separation was achieved on TSK gel ODS-80TM (4.6×150mm i. d.) using acetonitrile: 0.05M NaH2PO4 (31:69) as a mobile phase. Recoveries of drugs from fortified milk at the levels of 0.1 and 0.5μg/ml were 77.3-82.1% and 88.2-91.7%, respectively. The detection limit in 4-step time program measurement was 0.02μg/ml for each drug.
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  • A Novel Method for Clean-Up of Coal Tar Dyes Using a Quaternary Amine Cartridge
    Tomoko HAYASHI, Yukiyo FUKAYA, Hiroshi TANAKA, Mitsuo KUNIMATSU, Itaru ...
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 398-403_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.398
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    A simple, rapid, and reliable clean-up method has been developed for identification of the 12 coal tar dyes permitted in Japan by using a quaternary amine cartridge. The dyes were directly extracted from a sample with an appropriate solvent such as water, ethanol, and ammoniacal ethanol without elimination of fat contained in the sample. The extract was directly applied to a Sep-pak QMA cartridge without pH adjustment or elimination of ethanol. The dyes retained on the cartridge were eluted with 3% hydrochloric methanol solution and the eluate was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography after neutralization of the eluate with aqueous ammonia. Recoveries of the 12 permitted coal tar dyes from white chocolate fortified at levels of 5ppm and 10ppm were 85.8-97.9% and 83.3-95.6%, respectively.
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  • Effects of Food Restriction on Distribution, Accumulation and Excretion of Pentachlorobenzene and Hexachlorobenzene in Rats
    Keizo UMEGAKI, Sachie IKEGAMI, Tsuyoshi ITOH, Tomio ICHIKAWA
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 404-410_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.404
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    We investigated the effect of restricted feeding (RF) on the distribution, accumulation and excretion of pentachlorobenzene (PECB) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in rats. PECB and HCB have similar metabolic pathways, but HCB is poorly metaboled; the half life of HCB is few months and that of PECB is a few days. Rats were fed ad libitum (AD) or given a 40% restricted diet for 29 days. On the 21st day (day 0), the rats received an equal mixture of PECB and HCB by intragastric gavage at the dose of 40mg/kg body weight. They were killed on day 1 and day 8 after the administration. The ratio of fat tissue weight to body weight in the RF rats was smaller than that in the AD rats. Large amounts of PECB and HCB were found in fat tissue, and the total amounts in the RF rats on day 1 were lower than those in the AD rats. PECB in blood of the RF rats after the administration rapidly decreased, and residual PECB in various tissues of the RF rats on day 8 was also markedly lower than that of the AD rats. In contrast, HCB in blood was slightly decreased, and the decrease in the RF rats was slower than that in the AD rats. In addition, HCB residues in various tissues of the RF rats on day 8 tended to be higher than those in the AD rats. These results indicated that the effects of RF on accumulation and on excretion of PECB and HCB are quite different.
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  • Detection of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Lemons with an ELISA Kit
    Hiroshi MORITA, Tomoko MAEHARA, Masashi USHIYAMA
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 411-414_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.411
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    The effect of methanol or acetone in 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2) at various concentrations on a commercially available 2, 4-D detecting ELISA kit was investigated. The optical density in the ELISA reaction was unaffected by 0-30% methanol in the buffer solutions, while acetone decreased the optical density with increase of its concentration. Fungicides, such as o-phenylphenol or thiabendazol, did not disturb the ELISA reaction at the concentration of 20ppm or 100ppm, respectively.
    The 2, 4-D in lemon peel was easily detected using 30% methanol in the buffer solution. The determination took 80min from the start of extraction.
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  • Simultaneous Determination of Etrimfos and Its Metabolite by Gas Chromatograph with Flame Thermionic Detector
    Yukari TSUMURA, Yukihro SEKIGUCHI, Yumiko NAKAMURA, Yasuhide TONOGAI, ...
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 415-419_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.415
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    A method for simultaneous determination of etrimfos and its oxidized metabolite, etrimfos oxon, in vegetables or fruits has been developed. The sample was homogenized with acetone followed by extraction with ethyl acetate, and the extract was evaporated. The concentrations of the two compounds were determined by gas chromatograph with flame thermionic detector (FTD-GC). The recoveries from fortified strawberry, cabbage, Japanese radish, Chinese cabbage and cucumber were 84.2-103.5% for etrimfos, and 70.5-99.2% for etrimfos oxon, when they were added at the level of 0.2ppm. Detection limits were 0.001ppm for etrimfos and 0.01ppm for etrimfos oxon.
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  • Determination of Unsulfonated Primary Aromatic Amines in Food Red No. 40 by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
    Yuiko TAKEDA, Takashi YAMADA, Mitsuharu TAKEDA
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 420-425_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.420
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    The unsulfonated primary aromatic amines (USAA) p-cresidine and m-cresidine were determined at low levels in food red No. 40 (allura red AC) by a reverse-phase liquid chromatographic method (HPLC). The procedure involves chloroform extraction of USAA from the dye dissolved in 0.01M sodium hydroxide, followed by HPLC analysis using methanol-0.01M ammonium acetate (4:6) as a mobile phase and absorbance measurement at 290nm. The method employed allows quantitation of p-cresidine and m-cresidine at levels of 0.05μg/g and 0.1μg/g, respectively. This method was shown to have good recovery and reproducibility.
    In analyses of commercial food red No. 40, p-cresidine was found from 0.08μg/g to 1.9μg/g, whereas m-cresidine was not found in 6 samples. These techniques should enable us to monitor rapidly p-and m-cresidines in commercial samples.
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  • Simultaneous Determination of Naled and Its Reduced Product Dichlorvos by Gas Chromatography
    Yumiko NAKAMURA, Yukihiro SEKIGUCHI, Yukari TSUMURA, Yasuhide TONOGAI, ...
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 426-433_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.426
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    A method for simultaneous determination of Naled and its reduced product Dichlorvos (DDVP) in agricultural products by FPD-GC was developed. Pesticides were extracted with acetone, purified by a coagulating reagent containing ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid, re-extracted with ethyl acetate, and determined by FPD-GC. Content of Naled was calculated as the total of Naled and DDVP because a part of Naled is immediately converted to DDVP. Recoveries were 20.1-83.1% for Naled and 47.5-97.0% for DDVP in 8 agricultural products, apple, cabbage, Japanese radish, cucumber, pumpkin, tomato, brown rice, and green tea at the fortification level of 0.2 or 0.4ppm. Detection limits of Naled were 0.005ppm for vegetables and fruits, and 0.01ppm for brown rice and green tea, respectively. Detection limits of DDVP were 0.002ppm for vegetables and fruits, and 0.004ppm for brown rice and green tea, respectively. No Naled or DDVP was detected among 8 agricultural products tested here.
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  • Rapid and Simple Determination Method of p-Dichlorobenzene in Food Samples
    Hiroshi ISHIDA, Noriko SUGIYAMA, Makoto HATTO, Kaoru TAKAHATA
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 434-438_1
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.434
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    Analytical conditions for the rapid and simple determination of p-dichlorobenzene in foods exhibiting an unusual odor were examined, and the following method is proposed.
    1) The sample is soaked in water and adjusted to pH 4.0-4.5 with phosphoric acid, then internal standard solution is added, and the whole is incubated at 37°C for 30min with diastase.
    2) The mixture is homogenized and centrifuged after cooling.
    3) The extract is subjected to GC by the internal standard method and GC/MS.
    The average recoveries were 94-98%, the coefficient of variation was less than 5%, the limit of determination for p-dichlorobenzen in foods was about 1mg/kg, and the p-DCB contents in samples smelling of moth repellent were 100-1, 300mg/kg.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 440-441
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.440
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 441-442
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.441
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 442-443
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.442
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 443-444
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.443
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 444-445
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.444
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 445-446
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.445
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 446-447
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.446
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 447-448
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.447
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 448-450
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.448
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 450-452
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.450
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 452-453
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.452
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 453-455
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.453
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 455-456
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.455
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 457-458
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.457
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 458-459
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.458
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1993 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 459-460
    Published: October 05, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.34.459
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