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Volume 41 (2000)
- Issue 6 Pages 347-
- Issue 5 Pages 297-
- Issue 4 Pages 233-
- Issue 3 Pages 163-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Review
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Toshio MATSUDA2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 163-170
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (897K)
Originals
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Keizo UMEGAKI, Mika YOSHIMURA, Mitsuru HIGUCHI, Takatoshi ESASHI, Kazu ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 171-177
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) feeding on blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose, and various hepatic parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male SHR (10 weeks old) were fed either a control diet or diet containing GBE (0.5% and 2% w/w) for 36 days. Average intakes of GBE in the 0.5% and 2% GBE diet groups were about 0.3g/kg body weight/day and 1.3 g/kg body weight/day, respectively. The blood pressure and heart rate were continuously measured by a telemetric method, and showed a clear circadian rhythm (high at night and low in daytime). The heart rate both at night and in daytime was lowered in the 2% GBE diet group within a few days. The feeding of the GBE diet did not influence the systolic or diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, or plasma insulin. However, the feeding of GBE diet increased liver weight in a GBE dose-dependent manner, and enhanced phospholipids concentration in the liver. In addition, feeding of the GBE diet markedly increased the content of cytochrome P-450, and the activity of glutathione S-transferase in the liver. Plasma transaminase activity was unaltered by the feeding of GBE diet. These results suggest that feeding of GBE to SHR had no beneficial effect on the parameters examined, but also had no obvious toxicity, even at a high dose of GBE.View full abstractDownload PDF (749K) -
Eiji UENO, Harumi OSHIMA, Isao SAITO, Hiroshi MATSUMOTO2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 178-187
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated simultaneous and consecutive analytical methods for pesticide residues in large numbers of food samples using acetonitrile extraction, followed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and mini cartridge column cleanup, and then dual-column GC. A new apparatus with a graduated cylinder for vacuum filtration, salting-out and separation of a fixed quantity of the acetonitrile layer was developed. A test solution, cleaned up with GPC (column, Shodex® CLNpak EV-2000 and mobile phase, acetone-cyclohexane (1 : 4)) and with a silica-gel mini column, was subjected to dual-column GC (Rtx®-CLPesticides and Rtx®-CLPesticides2) equipped with ECD. Florisil mini-column fractionation was effective for further clean-up.
Recoveries of 58 pesticides from fortified spinach, tomato, apple and strawberry were very good (70-121%), except for acrinathrin, captan, captafol, dichlofluanid, and etridiazol (<70%). Detection limits of all of 58 pesticides were 0.1-5 ng/g.
Surveillance of pesticides in vegetables and fruits was carried out by using the present method. From 21 out of 31 samples, 19 (50 in total) pesticides were detected within a period of about 3 days. The present method was compared with the bulletin method of residue analysis, and was demonstrated to have almost the same degree of sensitivity in detecting these pesticides. The results indicated that the present method can be applied as an efficient and reliable way of monitoring pesticide residues in foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (1316K) -
Reiko TESHIMA, Hiroshi AKIYAMA, Haruyo OKUNUKI, Jun-ichiro SAKUSHIMA, ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 188-193
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSubchronic animal feeding studies to examine the effect of glyphosate-tolerant soybeans, which contain the bacterial 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, on the immune system were conducted with BN rats and B10A mice. The studies were designed to compare the feeding value of a line of genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybeans (GM soybeans) to that of closely-related and one-parent same cultivar (non-GM soybeans). Heat-treated soybean meal was incorporated into the diets of the rats and mice at a concentration of 30%. The study duration was 15 weeks. Growth, food intake and weights of the liver and the spleen were compared between animals fed the non-GM and GM lines. The histopathology of the thymus, liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, Peyer's patches, and small intestine, and the production of soybean-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in the sera were also compared. Growth, feeding value, and the histopathology of immune-related organs showed no significant differences between animals fed GM and non-GM lines. The production of soybean-specific IgE was not detected in the sera of either group, and the increase in soybean-specific IgG was identical in the GM and non-GM groups. No immunotoxic activity was found in GM-soybean-fed rats or mice.View full abstractDownload PDF (1318K)
Notes
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Fusako ISHIKAWA, Sutemi SHIGEOKA, Machiko NAGASHIMA, Misako TAKAHASHI, ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 194-199
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of cleaning up coal-tar dyes in protein-rich foods, e.g. processed fish and meat, was investigated.
The dyes were extracted with 4 mol/L urea and with a mixture of 28% ammonia solution-methanol-4 mol/L urea (7 : 80 : 20) from foods, and cleaned with a Sep-Pak Vac C18 cartridge in the ion-pair mode. The dyes were eluted with 0.025 mol/L ammonium acetate (containing 0.01 mol/L tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBA))-acetonitrile (1 : 1) 2 mL and ammonium acetate (containing TBA)-2-propanol (1 : 1) 2 mL from the cartridge. The eluate was adjusted with 0.1 mol/L TBA to 5 mL and analyzed by isocratic HPLC with a photo- diode array detector.
The recoveries of dyes from boiled fish paste, ham and cod roe at 10 μg/g were more than 91.0, 85.5 and 85.4%, respectively, except for green S (GS), erythrosine (R3) and phloxine (R104). Using the proposed method, these dyes were detected in commercial foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K) -
Hiromi SAKAMOTO, Ayako MATSUZAKA, Rimiko ITOH, Yuko TOHYAMA2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 200-205
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStyrene dimer, styrene trimers and other related compounds migrated from disposable lunch boxes were analyzed by GC/MS. Samples were disposable lunch boxes on the market, and boxes containing convenience foods and lunches. Vegetable oil was used as a food-simulating solvent in this study. Heating in a microwave oven induced migration of the above compounds from lids and containers made of polystyrene to vegetable oil. When containers were left for 10 minutes after having been heated for 180 seconds, the levels of styrene, linear dimer and total trimers were <0.1∼10.5 ng/cm2, 0.3∼8.8 ng/cm2, 0.2∼1,070 ng/cm2, respectively. 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) migrated from all containers made of polypropylene and polystyrene, and the level was 4.7∼973 ng/cm2, under the same conditions. These compounds also migrated to vegetable oil after storage for 24 hours at 20°C, and the levels of styrene, linear dimer, total trimers and BHT ranged from undetectable to 9.9 ng/cm2, undetectable to 1.6 ng/cm2, 88.1 to 1,290 ng/cm2 and 2.2 to 71.8 ng/cm2, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (555K) -
Yoshiaki AMAKURA, Mai OKADA, Sumiko TSUJI, Yasuhide TONOGAI2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 206-211
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and rapid method for the determination of ellagic acid in fresh and processed fruits by HPLC with photodiode array detection has been developed. The sample was refluxed with methanol, and the extract was refined using a solid phase cartridge before HPLC. The recoveries from strawberries, pineapples and raspberries spiked with ellagic acid (25 μg/g and 50 μg/g) were 90.1∼98.3% (S.D. 0.9∼2.5%), and the limits of quantification were 0.05 μg/g.
We then analyzed ellagic acid in 41 kinds of fresh fruits and 11 kinds of processed fruits by this method. Ellagic acid was found in several berries [blackberry, strawberry, raspberry and bayberry], fueijoa, pineapple, pomegranate, and jams made from raspberry and strawberry. This is the first detection of ellagic acid in bayberry, fueijoa and pineapple.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
Yoko KAWAMURA, Tamae MAEHARA, Hiroyo IIJIMA, Takashi YAMADA2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 212-218
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNonylphenol (NP) was surveyed by GC/MS-SCAN and quantified by GC/MS-SIM in 207 samples of food contact plastics and baby toys. NP was found in 36 samples. Polyvinyl chloride wrapping film and gloves contained the highest levels and frequencies of NP. Next highest was polystyrene disposable cups. NP was also detected in a few polypropylene, polycarbonate, ABS and styrene-butadiene products, though it was not detected in polyethylene, AS or polyvinylidene chloride products. The migration test was carried out for high-residue samples. High concentrations of NP were released into n-heptane at 25°C for 60 min. The origin was presumed to be a degradation product of tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite (TNP) or tris(mono and/or dinonylphenyl)phosphite, which are anti-oxidants, because some samples that contained NP also contained TNP.View full abstractDownload PDF (582K)
Reports
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Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Tsuyoshi IMAZAWA, T ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 219-223
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method for esprocarb, chlorpropham, thiobencarb, pyributicarb and pendimethalin. The five pesticides spiked in rice, soybeans, potato, cabbage, onion, cucumber, radish and lemon at the level of 0.1 μg/g were analyzed in replicate in 6 laboratories.
Means of esprocarb recoveries ranged from 89.0 to 99.4%. Repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) of the recoveries in each crop ranged from 1.5 to 9.1% and reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 8.8 to 14.8%.
Means of chlorpropham recoveries ranged from 91.7 to 102.0%. The RSDr and RSDR ranged from 1.1 to 6.5% and from 7.9 to 17.3%, respectively. For thiobencarb, the means of recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were 87.2∼102.2%, 1.7∼6.1% and 8.9∼16.4%, respectively. For pyributicarb, the means of recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were 87.8∼96.0%, 2.4∼9.6% and 8.5∼14.4%, respectively. For pendimethalin, they were 88.6∼99.4%, 2.7∼8.5% and 8.1∼16.4%.
Detection limits were 0.0001∼0.01 μg/g for pyributicarb and 0.00005∼0.005 μg/g for the other 4 pesticides.View full abstractDownload PDF (402K) -
Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Akira ANAZAWA, Tsuy ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 224-227
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of bromine in agricultural products by interlaboratory study. Six laboratories analyzed unpolished rice, lemon, apple and banana spiked with 10 μg/g (20 μg/g for rice) of bromine in replicate. Means of recovery from the 4 crops ranged from 88.5 to 92.4%. Repeatability relative standard deviations ranged from 1.5 to 5.1% and reproducibility relative standard deviations ranged from 8.3 to 11.4%. The detection limit depended on the variation of the reagent blank value and the maximum was 0.2 μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (337K) -
Kumiko SASAKI, Takashi TATSUNO, Munetomo NAKAMURA, Akira ANAZAWA, Osam ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 228-232
Published: June 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethod-performance studies were conducted for a new official analytical method for determining daminozide in agricultural products. Daminozide spiked in rice, soybeans, grape, apple and tea extract at the level of 2 μg/g (5 μg/g for tea) was analyzed in replicate in 6 laboratories.
Means of recovery ranged from 69.2 to 84.4%. Repeatability relative standard deviation values ranged from 4.1 to 5.5%. Reproducibility relative standard deviation values ranged from 7.4 to 11.8%. The detection limit depended on the gas chromatographic conditions and was generally 0.1 μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (367K)
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