All issues
Volume 41 (2000)
- Issue 6 Pages 347-
- Issue 5 Pages 297-
- Issue 4 Pages 233-
- Issue 3 Pages 163-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 41, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Originals
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Satoru NEMOTO, Kumiko SASAKI, Syuichi ETO, Isao SAITO, Hiroshi SAKAI, ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 233-241
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method is described for the multi-residue determination of pesticides in agricultural products. Residues are extracted from samples with acetonitrile, and coextractives are removed by gel permeation chromatography, followed by a clean-up step through Bond Elut PSA and a silica-gel column. Analysis is performed by GC/MS (SIM). The method was evaluated in 4 or 5 laboratories for 110 pesticides by fortifying rice, apple, orange, spinach, cabbage and potato at 0.2 μg/g (for 5 pesticides, 1 μg/g) of each pesticide. The method gave acceptable performance for analysis of 77 pesticides. The maximum detection limit in 9 laboratories ranged from 0.0004 to 0.08 μg/g, depending on the pesticide.View full abstractDownload PDF (768K) -
Ichiro TAKANO, Toshihiro NAGAYAMA, Maki KOBAYASHI, Masako ITO, Yasuhir ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 242-245
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn analytical procedure for residues of the herbicide glyphosate [N-phosphonomethylglycine] in soybeans is described. Extraction of soybeans is performed with 20 mmol/L borate buffer solution. Cleanup is achieved by an ortho-phthalaldehyde-mercaptoethanol (OPA-MERC) reaction followed by application to a dual mini-cartridge column (graphite and octadecyl-bonded silica gel) system, and determination is performed by ion-pair mode high-performance liquid chromatography employing postcolumn fluorescence labeling of the appropriate primary amine with OPA-MERC. Conversion of glyphosate to a primary amine (presumably ammonia and/or glycine) is achieved postcolumn by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite. Residues can easily be measured at the 0.05 ppm level with recoveries greater than 74%. The efficiency of the purification and the simplicity of the procedure allow for high sample throughput compared to existing procedures.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Yoko KAWAMURA, Tamae MAEHARA, Takashi SUZUKI, Takashi YAMADA2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 246-253
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA determination method was developed for 9 organotin compounds by gas chromatography/atomic emission detector (GC/AED), and their levels in kitchen utensils, food packages and toys were examined. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containers were found to contain a few thousand μg/g of dioctyltin compounds in all samples. They also contained monooctyltin (MOT), trioctyltin (TOT) and dibutyltin (DBT) compounds. Some also contained dimethyltin (DMT) compounds. Some PVC gloves contained DOT, MOT and TOT, and a siliconized cooking paper contained DBT, monobutyltin (MBT) and tributyltin (TBT). In the migration test, DOT and DBT in PVC containers were relatively poorly released, but DOT in PVC gloves and DBT in a cooking sheet were released readily into n-heptane, and the latter was also released into 4% acetic acid and other aqueous solvents.View full abstractDownload PDF (752K) -
Yukari TSUMURA, Susumu ISHIMITSU, Yumiko NAKAMURA, Kimihiko YOSHII, Ma ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 254-260
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEleven phthalate esters (PhE's) and di(2-ethyhexyl) adipate (DEHA) in foods were simultaneously determined. PhE's in 50 g of food sample were extracted with acetone followed by evaporation, and sodium chloride solution was added to the residue before extraction with ethyl acetate and n-hexane mixture (1 : 2). The extract was evaporated and partitioned between acetonitrile and n-hexane. The acetonitrile layer was evaporated and cleaned up on a Florisil column. PhE's were determined by GC/MS (SIM). Contamination sources were carefully eliminated and the background levels were 4.3∼12.1 ng/g for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) or ND∼9.2 ng/g for di-n-butyl phthalate. Recoveries of PhE's from packaged lunch, potato, polished rice and butter were 55.9 to 107.3% at fortification levels of 1 to 1,250 ng/g. Twenty-three samples of commercial foods were examined, and DEHP was detected in packaged lunch (54∼272 ng/g) or in butter (324∼1,008 ng/g). Some of the other PhE's or DEHA were also detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (635K)
Notes
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Eiichi ISHIKURO, Hiroshi HIBINO, Tomoyoshi SOGA, Hiroko YANAI, Hirokaz ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 261-267
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn analytical method for organic acids (formic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid and propionic acid) in formula feeds by capillary electrophoresis (CE) was established. Organic acids were simultaneously extracted with water. The extract was filtered, diluted with 0.02 mol/L NaOH, and deproteinized by an ultrafiltration filter (30 kDa cut-off). The recovery test was conducted with 3 kinds of formula feed spiked with 8 kinds of organic acids at levels of 0.05∼2.0%. The mean recovery values were in the range of 85.1∼107.3%, and the relative standard deviation of repeatability (RSD) was within 13.6%. A collaborative study (3 laboratories) was conducted with formula feed spiked with 8 kinds of organic acids at levels of 0.1∼1.0%. The mean recovery was 87.3∼105.0%, and the relative standard deviation of reproducibility (RSDR) was within 16.3%.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
Kimihiko YOSHII, Yukari TSUMURA, Yumiko NAKAMURA, Susumu ISHIMITSU, Ya ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 268-273
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA determination of bentazone, inabenfide and flusulfamide was established as follows. The three pesticides were simultaneously extracted with methanol from a sample, re-extracted with ethyl acetate, cleaned up on a silica gel column in 2 fractions (40% and 60% acetone/hexane), determined by HPLC with a photodiode-array detector and confirmed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/MS-ESI). In the case of cereals, hexane/acetonitrile partition was necessary to remove lipids before column chromatography. Recoveries after spiking of samples at 0.1 μg/g were more than 75%, and the detection limits in samples were 0.001 μg/g by the proposed method.View full abstractDownload PDF (993K)
Reports
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Yukiko ABE, Yuiko TAKEDA, Hajimu ISHIWATA, Takashi YAMADA2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 274-279
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcesulfame potassium (acesulfame K), a sweetener, is permitted for use as a food additive in many countries. The Japanese government has received an application for approval for the use of acesulfame K. We reviewed the test methods for the specifications of acesulfame K specified by JECFA and/or in FCC prior to authorization. Most of the methods specified by JECFA and/or in FCC could be used without any change, except for the determinations of pH and fluoride. The calibration curve method for the determination of fluoride content by JECFA should be changed to a limit test method. All results obtained, except pH, were in conformity with the specifications for description, identification (λ maximum and formation of precipitate), purity (fluoride, UV-absorbing impurity, and loss on drying), and content by JECFA and/or in FCC. The pH values of the test solutions of four samples provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare were between 5.75 and 5.83 when determined according to the General Tests in the Japanese Standards for Food Additives, 7th edition, but were between 6.71 and 6.99 when decarbonated water was used for the preparation of the test solution. They met the requirements of the FCC specification (pH 6.5∼7.5). The contents of acesulfame K in the samples were between 99.6% and 100.3%.View full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
Masatake TOYODA, Hiroshi SAKAI, Yukari KOBAYASHI, Masami KOMATSU, Yoji ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 280-286
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report here on the dietary exposures of Japanese consumers to four kinds of organotin compounds, tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), triphenyltin (TPT) and diphenyltin (DPT), based on analyses with the 1998 total diet samples (14 food group composites). Daily intake was 1.7 μg/person (0∼4.7 μg/person) for TBT, 0.45 μg/person (0∼1.7 μg/person) for DBT, 0.09 μg/person (0∼0.25 μg/person) for TPT, and 0 μg/person for DPT, calculated based on ND (not detected)=0. Among 14 food groups, only food group 10 (fish and shellfish) contributed to the intakes of TBT and TPT. As compared with the data obtained by the Japanese total diet study in 1991, daily intakes of TBT had decreased by half and those of TPT by approximately 2%. Dietary exposures were generally low and below the provisional tolerable daily intake for TBT (2%) and the JMPR (Joint Meetings of the FAO and WHO Panel of Experts on Pesticides Residues) tolerable daily intake for TPT (0.3%).View full abstractDownload PDF (957K) -
Koichi HARAGUCHI, Tetsuya ENDO, Masakatsu SAKATA, Yoshito MASUDA, Mark ...2000 Volume 41 Issue 4 Pages 287-296
Published: August 25, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCetacean products from a variety of odontoceti and mysticeti whales were purchased from markets in six cities across Japan in February 1999. After genetic analyses, 61 products were analyzed for heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb) and organochlorine compounds (PCBs, DDTs, HCHs, HCB, and dieldrin). Levels of mercury and methylmercury in odontoceti products were 2.13 ppm and 1.36 ppm on the wet weight basis (n=19), respectively, whereas the mercury level in mysticeti products was less than 0.09 ppm. Average PCB levels in odontoceti and mysticeti products (North Pacific minke whales) were 2.80 ppm (n=19) and 0.76 ppm (n=19), respectively, whereas the levels in mysticeti samples from the southern ocean were below 0.02 ppm. The data indicate that the dietary habit of cetaceans from the North Pacific Ocean could result in consumers exceeding the permitted intake for methylmercury and PCBs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1009K)
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