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Volume 18 (1933)
- Issue 3 Pages 345-
- Issue 2 Pages 173-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 18, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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R. C. MALHOTRA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 173-197
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. An attempt was made to study the periodic quantitative changes in peas, maize and wheat during germination with particular reference to some biochemical substances and calorific energy. It seems that starch and hemicelluloses were utilized most, although fats were also consumed somewhat. Proteins were employed only in peas, a leguminous crop. Sugars increased during germination, probably because of the breakdown of active polysaccharides exceeding their utilization. There was also a gradual decrease in calories per unit weight. Seedlings always weighed less than the initial weight of their seeds.
2. The study of changes in the reserve materials in attached embryo and endosperm of maize seems to indicate that, during germination, fats and heat energy decreased most in the embryo, although carbohydrates decreased also to some extent. In the endosperm, starch and hemicelluloses were used mostly. Sugars did not show any definite trend. The embryo contained higher percentage of ash and nitrogen. Both these substances, however, were unutilized by the growing seedlings.
3. Maize embryos were previously isolated from their endosperms. These isolated embryos were then allowed to germinate. Their chemical analyses seem to indicate that fats, starch and hemicelluloses, as well as calories of heat, decreased during germination, while sugars did not behave in any definite way. Ash and nitrogen (although fluctuations occurred between the fourth and the eighth day of germination) remained approximately constant at the last day.
4. Isolated maize endosperms kept under the conditions suitable for seed germination showed change only in sugars and starch. The former increased while the latter decreased. It was due possibly to the hydrolysis of starch by means of enzymes. There was also some decrease in calorific energy on account of the liberation of some energy which takes place when a large molecule like starch splits into smaller molecules of sugar. There was no change in hemicelluloses, nitrogen and ash and extremely little change was noted in fats. Some respiration may be responsible for carbohydrate loss, although endosperm as such is not capable of growth.
5. The significance of the changes in reserve materials and their applicability in seed, endosperm and embryo have been point-ed out in the body of the text.View full abstractDownload PDF (1456K) -
R. C. MALHOTRA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 199-205
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHard winter wheat was grown from September to June. The composition of the plant as well as of the gramn was determined. The data indicate that water was least during the early and late growth stages. Oils were highest at maturity. Nitrogen was small at first but increased later. Sugar was at minimum at first, in-creased and finally decreased. Starch was used by the plant in grain development. The grain had a very little difference at the two dates, although the moisture decreased at the later date while the chemical constituents increased somewhat.
The writer thanks his Technical Assistant, Mr. Ray Glynn, formerly of the Biology Department, St. Marys College, Kansas, U.S.A., for some assistance rendered in this experiment. Acknowl-edgement is due also to Mr. Mike Fritz, formerly also of the same college, for bringing and treating the samples in a fine manner.View full abstractDownload PDF (226K) -
Über den Einfluss der Gallensäure auf die Gewebsoxydation und auf die KohlehydratverbrennungZIRO URAKI1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 207-225
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMit Hilfe der Thunbergschen Methylenblaumethode wurde unter Verwendung von Dehydrogenaselösungen aus dem Muskel and der Leber von Kaninchen Bowie aus dem Froschmuskel folgendes festgestellt:
1. Die Dehydrierungsvorgänge des Muskels von Kaninchen and Frosch sowie der Kaninchenleber werden durch Zusatz von Cholsäure gehemmt. Diese hemmende Wirkung geht mit der Menge der zugesetzten Cholsäure parallel.
2. Die Cholsäure besitzt das Vermögen, die Methylenblaureduktion durch den Gewebsextrakt des Kaninchens zu hemmen, wenn in das Rohr Traubenzucker and Cholsäure zusammen zugesetzt werden; diese Hemmung ist um so stärker, je mehr Cholsäure in der Versuchslösung enthalten ist.
3. Die Cholsäure hemmt die Gewebsoxydation des Froschmuskels erheblich bei Anwesenheit von Glukose, and die Beeinflussbarkeit der Gewebstatmung durch Cholsäure ist noch nach zweistündigem Stehen des isolierten Gewebes in Zimmertemperatur erhalten.
4. Die Cholsäure übt einen hemmenden Einfluss auf die Fruktose-, Glykogen-, Glyzerinphosphorsäure-, Milchsäure- and Bernsteinsäureoxydation in der Leber and im Muskel des Kanin-chens aus. Diese hemmende Wirkung geht ausnahmslos in alien Oxydationsprozessen mit der Menge der zugesetzten Cholsäure parallel.
5. Es gibt in der Hexosediphosphorsäure- oder Hexosemono-phosphorsäureoxydation sowohl mit als auch ohne Cholsäure keinen merklichen Unterschied in den Reduktionszeiten.
Dies scheint meiner Ansicht nach darauf zu beruhen, dass die Cholsäure teils auf die Dehydrogenase, teils auf die Phosphatase in den Geweben hemmend wirkt.
Aus diesen Ergebnissen kann man wohl den Schluss ziehen, dass die Cholsäure die Atmungsintensität bzw. die Kohlehydratver-brennung herabsetzt, sowohl im aus dem Körper isolierten Gewebe als auch im aus dem Gewebe erhaltenen Phosphatextrakte. Auf Grund dieser Daten wird also wohl klar, dass die Herabsetzung des respiratorischen Quotienten des Kaninchens bei Zufuhr von Gallensäure, die von Hatakeyama beobachtet wurde, nicht nur auf der indirekten Wirkung der Gallensäure auf die Zuekerverbrennung vermittelst des Nervensystems, sondern auch auf der direkten Wirkung der Gallensäure beruht.View full abstractDownload PDF (679K) -
I. Kritische Bemerkungen über einige Extraktionsmethoden und eine vereinfachte gravimetrische BestimmungsmethodeKENZO KUSUI1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 227-236
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Einige Extraktionsverfahren des Cholesterins aus dem Blut and Blutserum unterzog ich einer kritischen Nachprüfung. Dadurch wurde das Verfahren von Fex für Bestimmung des Cholesterins im Blut and Blutserum als ungeeignet, die Verfahren von Onizawa and von Miihlbock and Kaufmann aber als geeignet erwiesen.
2. Ich schlug weiter eine vereinfachte gravimetrische Bestim mungsmethode des Cholesterins im Blut and Blutserum vor. Durch these Methode wird eine Ersparung an der Arbeitszeit and der Blutmenge erzielt, and dennoch werden zuverlassige Werte des Cholesterins and der Cholesterinester im Blut oder Blutserum gewonnen.View full abstractDownload PDF (398K) -
II. Über die Kombination der kolorimetrischen mit der DigitoninmethodeKENZO KUSUI1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 237-241
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHier wurde eine neue Bestimmungsmethode des Cholesterins and seiner Ester im Blut oder Blutserum vorgeschlagen. Sie besteht aus der Kombination der Gravimetrie and der Kolorimetrie, von denen die erstere zur Bestimmung des freien Cholesterins and die letztere zur Ermittlung des Estercholesterins angewendet wird.
Mit dieser Methode sind 2, 5ccm Blut oder Blutserum hinreichend, um das Cholesterin and seine Ester quantitativ zu erfassen.View full abstractDownload PDF (194K) -
HITOSHI MIZUSAWA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 243-258
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
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I. A Micromethod of Determination of Menthol-, Borneol- and β-Naphtholglucuronic Acid in BloodHAJIME MASAMUNE1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 259-276
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. A micromethod of determining menthol-, β-naphthol- and borneolglucuronic acid in blood has been described.
2. Preparation methods of menthol-, β-naphtholglucuronie acid, sodiumglucuronate, pheonlglucuronic acid and glucuronic acid also have been noted.
3. The glucuronic acid has the same molecular reducing power as glucose.
4. The hydrolysis constants of these four conjugated glu-curonic acids in 1n hydrochloric acid solution at 100°C are 0.1495, 0.2154, 0.0228 and 0.0203 respectively.
5. Blood of various animals was determined on the physio-logical content of conjugated glucuronic acids under the assump-tion that they consist solely of phenolglucuronic acid.
Thanks are due to Professor K. Kodama for his kind advice and unfailing interest.View full abstractDownload PDF (606K) -
A micro colorimetric method of determination of free and conjugated menthol in blood and tissuesHAJIME MASAMUNE1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 277-283
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA micromethod of determination of menthol free and con-jugated in tissue and blood was noted. A practical example was also given.
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Professor K. Kodama for his interest and kind revision.View full abstractDownload PDF (242K) -
I. The degree of stability of electrode potential and its effect on the relation between pH and E. M. FTETUO TOMIYAMA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 285-299
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Factors governing the potential of stick antimony electrode such as shaking the electrode, temperature, time of immersion, and their bearing on pH-E. M. F. curve have been studied.
2. The electrode which had been coated with antimonous oxide by treating with buffer solution of pH 11.8, showed slight change in its potential if immersed in acidic solution, while a fairly remarkable change was observed in alkaline solution. Although these changes became smaller and smaller as time elapsed, no com-plete equilibrium was attained during 150 minutes in any case.
3. When the electrode immersed in unstirred solution is shaken suddenly, change in potential against n-calonnel electrode takes place in such a way as to increase in acidic solution and to decrease in alkaline solution.
4. In unstirred condition, the experimental formula varies, depending on such factors as temperature and time of immersion. The longer it is immersed in solution, the nearer the pH-E. M. F. curve comes to the linear line. If the E. M. F. after five minutes' immersion is taken, this curve comes to deviate from the linear especially in alkaline side. These anomalous behaviours can be explained by assuming that the potential is created by reaction of the amphoterie oxide with either hydrion or hydroxylion.
5. Temperature coefficient of electrode potential varies according to the range of pH and also according to the time interval of immersion in solution. At 30 minutes after immersion, the following values were ascertained between 10°C. and 30°C.
pH of solution Change in potential difference per 1°C.
2-4 1.5mv.
5-7 2.0mv.
8-11 2.5-3.0 mv.
6. By adopting the values of potential when the change attains to 1mv, per 30 minutes instead of true equilibrated ones, the following experimental formula. was obtained in the present investigation.
E=0.022+0.0567 pH at 20°, against n-calomel electrode.
In conclusion, the author desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to Prof. K. Kawarnura and S. Mukai of the Kyushu Imperial University for their kindness in reading the original manuscript and for their very helpful criticism.View full abstractDownload PDF (500K) -
KENTARO NOMURA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 301-309
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. By comparing the potentials of four kinds of 3.5 n. KCl-calomel electrode, it was found that the potential attained a constant value in a short time, at the latest in 2 days after fresh preparation, if the KCl-solution for the electrode had been thoroughly saturated with HgCl before its preparation.
2. Single electrode potentials of 3.5 n. KCl-calomel electrode (π3.5) at several temperatures were investigated and the following data were found.
_??_ These values lie approximately on two lines expressed by the two following forumulae.
π3.5=0.28382t-0.03988 (13°-25°)
π3.5=30249t-0.05967 (25°-43°)View full abstractDownload PDF (247K) -
KAZUMI YAMASAKI1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 311-322
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
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KAZUMI YAMASAKI1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 323-324
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
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J. A. SMORODINZEW, A. N. ADOWA1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 325-332
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Das “saure” Muskelglobulin wird leichter als das “basische” Kollagen durch Pepsin verdaut.
2. Bei Pepsinverdauung von Kollagen steigt im Gegensatz zur Gelatineverdauung die Viskosität des Gemisches.
3. Bei der Steigerung der Viskosität des Verdauungsgemisches findet kein Verbrauch von Lauge statt.
4. Bei Abfall der Viskosität des Verdauungsgemisches erscheint ein Sprung im Verbrauch der Lauge.
5. Die erste Etappe bei der Eiweissverdauung besteht in einer Aggregierung der Eiweissmicelle, Viskositätssteigerung ohne Zerspaltung der Peptidkoppelung.
6. Die Verdauung des Fleisches in vitro kann zur Abschätzung der Fleischsorte dienen.View full abstractDownload PDF (320K) -
III. The constitution of canalinMATSUNOSUKE KITAGAWA, SHIN-ICHI MONOBE1933 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 333-343
Published: 1933
Released on J-STAGE: November 18, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (387K)
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